Download 14.3 Skeletal System Exploration

14.3 Skeletal System Exploration
Read It! Directions: Each member of the group will read the passage and answer the task
questions. It is important to remember that the answers will come directly from the reading
passage.
Read It! Task #1: Which list represents the components of the human skeleton?
A. Bones, tendons, ligaments, muscles
B. Tendons, teeth ligaments, cartilage
C. Bones, tendons, teeth, ligaments
D. Bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage
Read It! Task #2: What is the main difference between the male and female skeleton?
A. The male has more bones
B. The female has a larger, flatter pelvis bone
C. Male bones are always larger
D. Female bones have more marrow
Read It! Task #3: A typical bone is made up of which of these 3 parts?
A. Dense outer layer, spongy bone, marrow
B. Soft outer layer, spongy bone, marrow
C. Marrow, dense inner layer, dense outer layer
D. Dense outer layer, spongy bone, muscle tissue
Read It! Task #4: There are two main parts to of the human skeleton.
They are the ____________ and _____________ skeletons.
A. Axial, appendix
B. Appendicular, axial
C. Axial, skeletal
D. Appendicular, excretory
_____________________________________________________________________________
Watch It! Directions: Each member of the group will go to the website listed on Task #1
Complete the tasks in order. Every student will answer the task questions.
Watch It! Task #1: Visit the LinkYouTube: https://goo.gl/6ktmjY
G Drive: https://goo.gl/aEa9QW
*************URL is case-sensitive
Click Play on the video and answer task questions.
Watch It! Task #2: What are the two types of completed skeletons called?
What are some pros and cons of each?
Watch It! Task #3: What are the 5 main functions of the skeletal system?
Watch It! Task #4: What two systems work in conjunction to allow for movement?
How do they work together?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Research It! Directions: Each member of the group will go to the website listed on Task #1
Complete the tasks in order. Every student will answer the task questions.
Research It! Task #1: Go to http://goo.gl/RCFUxS
1. Read the first paragraph and summarize the role of the human skeletal system.
Research It! Task #2: Answer the following questions1. How many individual bones are in the human body?
2. List 3 axial skeletal bones and 3 appendicular bones.
3. Scroll down to the "Skeletal System Physiology” section and summarize how the skeleton
supports and protects.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Explore It! Directions: One member of the group will read the tasks in order. Each member
of the group will then write their conclusions down.
Explore It! Task #1: What do you think is the main function of the human skeleton?
Explore It! Task #2: There are 5 main functions for the human skeleton.
• Support and protect
• Movement
• Storage
• Blood
• Homeostasis
In your own words, explain how you think each of these relate to the skeletal system. Do not
write your answers, just discuss them with your group.
Explore It! Task #3: Read the following for understanding1. Support and protect – the skeleton allows the body to be supported and protects our
internal organs from damage.
2. Movement – the skeleton works with the muscular system to allow for movement.
3. Storage – the interior of the bone can store calcium, phosphorus, and fatty acids
Explore It! Task #4: Read the following for understanding4. Blood – Inside the marrow of the bone stem cells can be turned into red blood cells as well
as many other types of cells.
5. Homeostasis – bones are able to absorb or release calcium into the blood to maintain a
stable environment in the body.
Explore It! Task #5: Take 2 minutes to look at the diagram of the skeletal system.
2. Find 7 bones that you are unfamiliar with, and list their scientific name as well as their
common name. (Example: Femur – thigh bone)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Illustrate It! Directions: Each member of the group will draw a quick sketch that shows they
understand the concept being taught. You will need to use colored pencils, crayons or
markers. The directions for the sketch are provided on the task.
Illustrate It! Task #1
1. Draw a diagram of the human skeleton as shown below.
Use the diagram and colored pencils to label 10 of the major bones in the human body. You
can choose the ones you want to label. Be sure to label the diagram with the scientific name
and common name for each bone.
2. Shade in the axial skeleton red and the appendicular skeleton green.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Organize It! Directions: Each group will use the diagrams to answer the questions for each
task.
Organize It! Task #1: Use the skeletal diagram to answer the following questions.
The axial skeleton consists of the 80 bones along the central axis of the human body.
The appendicular skeleton is composed of 126 bones in the human body involved in
locomotion (lower limbs) of the axial skeleton and manipulation of objects in the environment
(upper limbs).
Organize It! Task #2:
1. Determine which bones are axial and which ones are appendicular. Label them.
2. Beside each of the bone names also list which part of the body the bone belongs
to. (ex. Head, shoulder, etc.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Write It! Directions: Answer each of the task questions.
Write It! Task #1: Explain in your own words what the main functions of the human skeleton
are.
Write It! Task #2: Describe the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton.
Write It! Task #3: How does the skeleton work with other body systems in order to function
properly?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Assess It! Directions: Answer each of the task questions.
Assess It! Task #1: Which is not a function of the Skeletal system?
A. Movement and protection
B. Homeostasis
C. Support
D. Transporting oxygen-rich blood to the body
Assess It! Task #2: Which organism has an exoskeleton?
A. A shark
B. A human
C. A black bear
D. A common beetle
Assess It! Task #3: What is that main function of the skull?
A. To keep out electromagnetic waves
B. Allows for movement from one place to another
C. Produces brain cells
D. Protects the brain from injury
Assess It! Task #4:
Ligaments and tendons are used to _____.
A. Exchange gases within the body
B. Transport nutrients to cells
C. Produce red blood cells
D. Attach muscles to bones
Read It! Skeletal System
The adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons,
ligaments and cartilage that connects them. The skeletal system performs vital functions —
support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine
regulation —that enable us to survive.
The skeletons of adult males and females have some variation, primarily to accommodate
childbirth. The female pelvis is flatter, more rounded and proportionally larger. A male's pelvis
is about 90 degrees or less of angle, whereas a female's is 100 degrees or more.
While they become brittle when outside of the body, bones are very much alive inside the
body, being fed by a network of blood vessels from the circulatory system and nerves from the
nervous system.
A typical bone has a dense and tough outer layer. Next is a layer of spongy bone, which lighter
and slightly flexible. In the middle of some bones is jellylike bone marrow, where new cells are
constantly being produced for blood.
Teeth are considered part of the skeletal system but they are not counted as bones. Teeth are
made of dentin and enamel, which is strongest substance in your body. Teeth also play a key
role in the digestive system.
The skeletal system has two distinctive parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
The axial skeleton, with a total of 80 bones, consists of the vertebral column, the rib cage and
the skull. The axial skeleton transmits the weight from the head, the trunk and the upper
extremities down to the lower extremities at the hip joints, which help humans maintain our
upright posture.
The appendicular skeleton has a total of 126 bones, and is formed by the pectoral girdles, the
upper limbs, the pelvic girdle and the lower limbs. Their functions are to make walking,
running and other movement possible and to protect the major organs responsible for
digestion, excretion and reproduction.