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Rocks
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Rocks – Mineral Mixtures
Rocks are made up of 2 or more minerals
 Can also contain other rocks, remains of
living things (fossils)
 What is inside tells us how it is formed!
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Types of Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
The Rock Cycle
Sedimentary Rocks
How They are Made
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5 steps: Weathering, Erosion, Deposition,
Compaction, Cementation.
Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers
Layers are formed and build up
Sedimentary (Important Key
Terms!)
Weathering – the breakdown of rocks into
SEDIMENT (wind, water, ice, sunlight)
 Erosion – the movement of sediment (Wind
and water turns rocks into dust)
 Deposition – material laid down (it’s a
process)
 Compaction – Applying heavy pressure
 Cementation – “Gluing” the sediment
together to make ROCK
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Strata: Fancy word for LAYERS
Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Conglomerate Sandstone
(Coars
Coarse
Grained
Limestone
Shale
Fine
Grained
Metamorphic Rocks
What are They?
2 steps: Heat and pressure
 Rocks that have changed or MORPHED
 They were once igneous or sedimentary

Types of Metamorphic Rocks
Schist
Gneiss
Calcite
Quartz
Garnet
Heat and Pressure
Hematite
Igneous Rocks
What are They?
2 steps: melting (hot magma) and cooling
(crystallizes)
 Formed from cooling MAGMA
 Formed inside earth (Intrusive)
 Formed outside surface of earth (Extrusive)
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Igneous Rocks
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The amount of time it takes for magma or
lava to cool determines the texture of
igneous rock.
Types of Igneous Rocks
Granite
Coarse Grained
Pumice
Scoria
Obsidian
Fine Grained
Exit Ticket !
1. What are the three types of rocks in the
rock cycle?
Rocks Have Been Used For
Many Years
Rocks