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What do you think? 1. What do the muscles in your body use when you run? 2. What thing goes through every part of your body? 3. Where are the instructions to what you are kept? http://www.mynamesnotmommy.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/05/questionmark.png How can we see these? 1. Mitochondria in a cell 2. Red Blood cells 3. Nucleus of a cell Microscopy - an introduction • Microscopes are instruments designed to produce magnified visual or photographic images of small objects. The microscope must accomplish three tasks 1. produce a magnified image of the specimen 2. separate the details in the image, 3. render the details visible to the human eye or camera. Scale Microscope One or more lenses that make an enlarged image of an object. Simple Microscope • Light passes through only 1 lens. • Example: magnifying glass Compound Microscope • Lets light pass through an object and then through two or more lenses. Stereoscopic Microscope • Gives a three dimensional view of an object. (Examples: insects and leaves) • Used for dissections Electron microscopes – use a beam of electrons instead of a beam of light to magnify the image Electron Microscopes • can achieve 3D images using electrons The Scanning Electron Microscope • produces a 3-dimensional image of specimen’s surface features spider head of a butterfly Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Types of specimens: -Whole organisms -Natural tissue surfaces -Exposed tissue structure What is this? A flea magnified 50, 000 X Transmission electron microscope (TEM) – Provides for detailed study of the internal ultrastructure of cells – a beam of electrons Longitudinal Cross section of cilium section of cilium is transmitted through the specimen for a 2D view Figure 6.4 (b) cilia on rabbit lungs 1 µm Transmission electron microscope Chloroplast from a tobacco leaf H1N1 virus DENTIST’S DRILL TOILET PAPER HYPODERMIC NEEDLE VELCRO STAPLE THROUGH PAPER BLACK WIDOW SPIDER CLAW PORCUPINE QUILL MASCARA BRUSH BLACK FLY MOSQUITO CAT FLEA MITE FEEDING POLLEN GRAIN ANT EYE EYELASHES What is the difference between a… VIRUS and CELL? E.coli bacterial cells VIRUS BACTERIA - can’t live on its own- must live inside another cell - can exist on its own - much smaller (20 – 400nm) - larger (1000 nm = 1μm) - none are beneficial - some can be beneficial (bacteria in gut) - no cell wall, only a protein coat - outer cell wall - cannot be killed by antibiotics - are killed by antibiotics Modified from http://cochrane.rockyview.ab.ca/Members/lynnmmoore/science-10/unit-3-cycling-of-matter-in-living-systems /ch-7-the-basis-of-life/s10-lesson-1-cells-and-cell-theory/MICROSOPE%20TYPES%20PPT-1.2ppt.ppt/view