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Boosting Energy Efficiency Actions in the Municipal Buildings of the City of Graz ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN NEW BUILDINGS 1997: Founded as Grazer Bau- und Grünlandsicherungs GmbH (100 % subsidiary of the City of Graz) 2007: Property developer trade taken up 2011: Restructured and renamed into GBG Gebäude- und Baumanagement Graz GmbH; repositioned from a formerly profit-oriented GesmbH to a Shared Service GesmbH focussing on costcovering. Additionally taken up the trades of "real estate management" and "cleaning of monuments, façades and buildings“ Shareholders: City of Graz 99.5 %, Holding Graz - Kommunale Dienstleistungen GmbH 0.5 % Shareholder representative: City Councillor Univ. Doz. DI Dr. Gerhard Rüsch Supervisory board: Chairman: Peter Mayr Deputies: Mag. Andreas Lorenzoni Mag.a Drin Ursula Hammerl Mag. Gert Haubenhofer VD DI Wolfgang Malik Mag.a Sieglinde Pailer Franz Stefan Parteder AV Katharina Peer Mag.a Helga Siegl Dr. Wilhelm Techt Number of employees: approx. 430 Shares: GUF GmbH 100 % Innovationspark Graz Puchstraße (IPG) 49 % Holding Graz - Kommunale Dienstleistungen GmbH 0.16 % 1 General management Mag. Günter Hirner Project development, construction-managemt. workshops Bernd Weiss Management service Mag. Günter Hirner Facility services DI Dr. Karlheinz Fritsch Project development Construction management Workshops Organisation & finances Competence centre Human resources Cleaning & service Building administration Forest management GBG Gebäude- und Baumanagement Graz GmbH is a subsidiary of the City of Graz and as such responsible for the development and implementation of construction and real estate projects and for all facility management at "Haus Graz". Since 1 January 2011, all facility management and facility service activities for "Haus Graz" are concentrated at GBG. Services such as repairs, rehabilitation work, new constructions and conversions, cleaning, operational management, rent invoicing, maintenance, forest management and much more are offered and implemented for all organisational units in "Haus Graz" in the three large business segments construction management, project development and workshops. With some 430 employees, GBG is the largest company of its kind in Styria. GBG is dedicated to the principles of sustainability in economical, social and ecological concerns and positions itself on these premisses as a central service provider for the entire "Haus Graz". SUSTAINABLE AND ENERGYEFFICIENT NEW BUILDINGS With the superordinate federal and provincial objectives in mind, the City of Graz strives to function as a role model in its own sphere of action and – in accordance with the Communal Energy and Climate Protection Concept (KEK 2020) – to achieve a 30 % reduction in total energy consumption as well as a 50 % increase in green electricity based on the consumption figures for the period 2004 to 2008. Apart from initiatives aimed at promoting measures in private households and companies, it is in particular the City of Graz itself that is called on to fulfil the objectives for its own projects in an exemplary fashion. The city's own buildings and facilities play a particularly important role for its objectives regarding energy policy as they allow it to directly influence costs and consumption. On the one hand, implementing energy efficiency measures appears to make sense for the purpose of both maintaining building fabric and thus the assets of the city's own existing building stock as well as quality of use. Furthermore, it is beneficial when it comes to quality of life and environment and, above all, with regard to mere economic considerations. While the focus in the area of municipal real estate used to be on building maintenance, GBG and the Environmental Agency of the City of Graz have made it their objective to optimize new buildings in regard to sustainability and energy efficiency in the coming years. According to KEK 2020, operation and maintenance of the city's buildings and facilities need to be carried out in an optimal way when it comes to energy efficiency and energy saving potentials are to be exploited extensively. From 2015, new buildings have to be built according to the passive house standard. Furthermore, energy performance certificates showing primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions have to be visibly displayed in all public buildings with regular visitor traffic. The measures apply to the City of Graz and its departments in the narrow sense as well as their associated companies. Supported by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme, energy-related basic data for recording in a central database could be determined. This is supposed to also benefit future benchmarking of buildings. Whereas in the past the actual energy costs were recorded centrally, they are now allocated to the budgets of the individual departments in order to create saving incentives through behavioural changes but also to create increased influencing potential. The energy-related decisions that are to be made in the context of the rehabilitation of communal buildings are made in the various departments and bodies of "Haus Graz". The use of contracting models allows the financing of investment measures even if no corresponding position previously existed in the departments' budgets. Therefore, GBG, together with the departments and organisations, develops a programme for new buildings that makes adequate provisions for both requirements of new buildings and energy saving potentials. If possible, municipal structures are to be supplied with heat through energy facilities that are friendly to the environment and the climate, clean and efficient. Existing heating facilities are to be renewed correspondingly. Also, one needs to make sure the lighting system is efficient and to replace outdated devices consuming high amounts of electricity. The projects that have been implemented must thereby be seen as the start of a new buildings package larger in scale following the objectives laid out by KEK 2020 whose foundations could be created using the financial support made possible by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme. Usage of renewable energy: Considering Graz's unfavourable air conditions resulting from its location in a basin, increased use of waste heat and renewable energy sources is obligatory. The immission situation in greater Graz is characterised by massive exceedance of limit values, e.g. of particulate matter values, sometimes several times per year. Records from recent years show an increased number of violations of the stipulations of the EU's Air Quality Directive. The main polluters are domestic heating, traffic and the industry. It is indispensable to introduce adequate measures in all areas to increase air quality, especially so with regards to combustion emissions producing particles less than 1 μm in diameter which are particularly detrimental to health. Expert physicians therefore overwhelmingly agree that reductions through the change of heating systems yield disproportionately favourable results when it comes to health. The extension of Graz's district heating system is therefore included as a constructive measure in all provincial programmes of measures concerning the areas of particulate matter and climate protection. In order to use district heating with climate protection in mind, most of the heat is produced from CO2-neutral sources such as cogeneration and waste heat utilisation as well as solar energy, bio gas and bio mass. Converting heating systems to district heating is supposed to yield a significant and proven reduction in CO2 emissions. Thermal solar facilities for water heating represent another important supporting pillar in the communal energy concept. The city's Land Surveying Office has therefore created a cadastral land register providing information on the solar energy potential of roofs in the city of Graz on the basis of photogrammetrically recorded roof landscapes, their positions, sizes and inclines as well as shading. This solar roof cadastre is used as a basis to promote the installation of solar energy systems in the city of Graz and shows a potential of some 40 % of the total roof space. BEAM-Graz: The City of Graz determined in its Communal Energy and Climate Protection Concept (KEK 2020) that from 2015 all new buildings have to fulfil requirements of low-energy houses. In order to reach this goal, new approaches have to be chosen. The City of Graz normally organizes architectural competitions for new buildings, in order to generate the best solution for the defined requirements. New methods and assessment criteria were developed, tested and implemented. Furthermore, it was essential to bring in external support to ensure the desired standards of energy efficiency during the planning phase. Additionally, awareness has to be risen, as for the attainment of high standards higher investment sums are required. New buildings constructed under the IEE-Programme are characterized by a high energetic standard. Besides, the new buildings substitute stock property, which could only be refurbished by uneconomic measures. The GBG defined a package of seven projects including the investment sum of €42 Mio. During the period of sponsorship the construction and extension of a elementary school, the construction of a sports centre and the redesign of the communal business location were implemented. Most of those projects serve as substitutes for old, inefficient buildings for which the renovation and adaption to the standard requirements would be more expensive than the new construction. Therefore, the new buildings should be regarded as a investment in energy efficiency and environmental protection. Examples are the elementary school Mariagrün and the sports centre ASKÖ. ENERGETICALLY-OPTIMIZED NEW BUILDINGS Architectural competitions: An assessment structure with energetic criteria was designed, fitting to the earliest planning phase to assess architectural solutions in the contests. The assessment criteria contained: • building surface/volume ration: a compact buildings envelop is relevant to reach low energy standards • percentage of glazing in the facade and roof – relevant for heating and cooling • planned renewable energy resources and integration in the design concept • calculated heating and cooling energy demand Technical assistance in the planning phase: 80 % of the total cost of a building are running costs, 2/3 of that are energy costs. The decisions influencing the energy costs were made in the early planning phase. From 2015 all new buildings have to fulfil the passive house standard and in further consequence zero energy standards. Therefore, an external partner consulted and controlled the planners in order to ensure the performance regarding the energy standard. Graz Energy Agency acted as an energy expert, as the company has long-time experience in the field of building planning and an excellent cooperation with the GBG. New buildings constructed under the IEE-Programme are characterized by a high energetic standard. Besides, the new buildings substitute stock property, which could only be refurbished by uneconomic measures. The GBG defined a package of seven projects including the investment sum of €42 Mio. PILOT PROJECTS - NEW BUILDINGS INTELLIGENT ENERGY EUROPE PROGRAMME 2012 - 2015 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MARIAGRÜN Gross usable floor area: 2,543 m2 Heating demand: A++ 2,07 kWh/m³a Total investment: € 6,389,998 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MARIAGRÜN The old school building in Mariagrünerstraße showed substantial deficiencies, so that a valuable running of the school could not be ensured. Classrooms as well as staff rooms and gym were too small, there was a lack of breakout and media rooms. Due to regional planning restrictions the building could not be reconstructed or expanded. Therefore a relocation into the area of Schönbrunngasse was planned. The location provided the following benefits: • sufficient space for pupils and teachers • huge green area for playing, sports and leisure • possibility of school with day care • innovative, energy-saving construction (passive energy house) „21st century school“ – first elementary school in Graz build according to the passive house standard In June 2008 a first workshop with representatives of the school and parents was held, in which basic considerations concerning a „21st century school“ were generated. Those ideas were further developed in workshops with experts of education, construction as well as representatives of pupils. The architects Phillip Berktold & Christoph Kalb from Dornbirn won the tender of the European architectural competition and constructed the first elementary school in Graz according to the energy efficiency class A++. Three domestic timber species were used: the construction consists out of spruce, for the façade fir and larch were used. When choosing the inner building material, the focus lay on the avoidance of PVC- and HFCKW. The school is provided with heat by a long-distance circuit of the neighbouring building. The ventilation system is equipped with heat recovery and has a total efficiency of 85 %. The water is heated by a fresh-water module. Building services are regulated by an intelligent regulation, which is connected to the energy monitoring system of the City of Graz. ASKÖ CENTRE EGGENBERG Gross usable floor area: 4,083 m² Heating demand: 41 kWh/m²a Total investment: € 8,373,641 ASKÖ CENTRE EGGENBERG As the existing ASKÖ sports centre did not correspond with requirements of modern facilities, the ASKÖ federal association decided to construct a new building fulfilling the four main functions: • triple gymnasium with tribunes for around 700 viewers • ASKÖ-movement centre (ABC) with two rooms and corresponding infrastructure • administration for the ASKÖ federal association Styria • buffet Only the south-western part of the facilities had to be designed in a new way. The new ASKÖ centre Eggenberg offers room for diverse ball sports as well as fitness and health sports. From now on, location shall appear as „ASKÖ Centre Styria“. The criteria of urban construction, architecture, function, economy and ecology were considered for the new centre. In cooperation with the construction management and the chamber of architects and engineers an European, one-level architectural competition was held. Besides the normal framework conditions the UNESCO was involved, as the ASKÖ area is located in the buffer zone of the World Heritage - cultural site Schloß Eggenberg. From 70 submitted works the project stemming from the architectural office MA Quadrat ZT GmbH was chosen as the winner. Economic as well as ecologic criteria were considered for implementation: water is heated by solar panels, water for rests rooms and the irrigation of the green areas stems from rainwater. Dressing rooms are heated with the waste heat from the sports hall and heating and ventilation are equipped with heat recovery. ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ST. PETER Gross usable floor area: 1,934 m² Heating demand: 10.35 kWh/m³a Total investment: € 5,356,812 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ST. PETER A modern school needs more space, as numbers of pupils are increasing. Therefore, the local council of the City of Graz assigned the GBG to extend the elementary school St. Peter. After the beginning of the construction phase in 2012 and the topping-out ceremony in November 2013 the new building was handed over with the beginning of the school year. Renovation and extension In the context of the reconstruction parts of the heritage-protected building were refurbished and extended with an additional building. The office Wratschko from Graz won the architectural tender. In the basement of the school a sports room and a wardrobe are located. On the ground floor a vestibule, a foyer, a break hall, a dining hall for the children of the afternoon-care-programme, a kitchen and a working space are situated. The central wardrobe for all pupils is in the basement of the old building. In the first floor there are four new classrooms with two breakout rooms as well as a library, a media area, a staff room and administration. The old building was equipped with an elevator, sanitary installations were renovated and new breakout rooms were integrated. Thanks to the design of an open-air-area including stage and auditorium a multifunctional usage is enabled, from which not only the school, but also the district will benefit. For the extension of the building ecologically recyclable materials were used. Roof, ceiling and wall constructions made out of wood as well as an optimized humidity, heat and temperature regulation enable a pleasant indoor climate. Facades were equipped with an increased heat insulation. Surfaces, which are not accessible were grassed and thus provide an additional heat insulation and an improved micro-climate. NURSING HOME PETER ROSEGGER Gross usable floor area: 6,423 m² Heating demand: 2.62 kWh/m³a Total investment: €12,000,000 NURSING HOME PETER ROSEGGER The geriatric health centres (GGZ) built a nursing home of the „4th generation“ on the area of a former barrack in the district of Wetzelsdorf. The two-storied frame house was ecologically built as a passive house and is structured in eight residential communities with 104 beds in total. In each living community there is a common living area and a dining area including a kitchen. From the communal rooms residents have direct access to the terrace. An individual concept was developed for the green spaces outdoors. Different measures, as e.g. porches and light domes create diverse lighting effects. Besides, the goal is to provide a varied and comfortable surrounding for the residents. Hence there is a variety of places to dwell on balconies, inner courtyards or gardens. Architect Dietger Wissounig from Graz won the architectural competition. Energetic and ecological criteria were decisive for the competition. Wood was chosen consciously as material. The wooden construction consists out of spruce, for the facade domestic, untreated larch was chosen. Indoors there are decorative wood surfaces. The energy system consists out of a district-heating connection, a photovoltaic installation and earth tubes. The passive house is certified with a green building certification. IMPRINT Published by: GBG Gebäude- und Baumanagement Graz GmbH Conrad-von-Hötzendorf-Straße 94 8010 Graz gbg.graz.at Supported by: Graz Energy Agency GmbH Kaiserfeldgasse 13/I 8010 Graz grazer-ea.at Photos: Syda Productions / Shutterstock.com