Download energy efficiency in new buildings - GBG Gebäude

Boosting Energy Efficiency Actions
in the
Municipal Buildings
of the City of Graz
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN NEW
BUILDINGS
1997:
Founded as Grazer Bau- und
Grünlandsicherungs GmbH (100 %
subsidiary of the City of Graz)
2007:
Property developer trade taken up
2011:
Restructured and renamed into GBG
Gebäude- und Baumanagement Graz
GmbH; repositioned from a formerly
profit-oriented GesmbH to a Shared
Service GesmbH focussing on costcovering. Additionally taken up the
trades of "real estate management"
and "cleaning of monuments, façades
and buildings“
Shareholders:
City of Graz 99.5 %,
Holding Graz - Kommunale
Dienstleistungen GmbH 0.5 %
Shareholder representative:
City Councillor
Univ. Doz. DI Dr. Gerhard Rüsch
Supervisory board:
Chairman: Peter Mayr
Deputies: Mag. Andreas Lorenzoni
Mag.a Drin Ursula Hammerl
Mag. Gert Haubenhofer
VD DI Wolfgang Malik
Mag.a Sieglinde Pailer
Franz Stefan Parteder
AV Katharina Peer
Mag.a Helga Siegl
Dr. Wilhelm Techt
Number of employees:
approx. 430
Shares:
GUF GmbH 100 %
Innovationspark Graz Puchstraße (IPG) 49 %
Holding Graz - Kommunale Dienstleistungen
GmbH 0.16 %
1
General management
Mag. Günter Hirner
Project development,
construction-managemt.
workshops
Bernd Weiss
Management
service
Mag. Günter Hirner
Facility
services
DI Dr.
Karlheinz Fritsch
Project development
Construction
management
Workshops
Organisation &
finances
Competence centre
Human resources
Cleaning & service
Building
administration
Forest management
GBG Gebäude- und Baumanagement Graz GmbH is a subsidiary of
the City of Graz and as such responsible for the development and
implementation of construction and real estate projects and for all
facility management at "Haus Graz".
Since 1 January 2011, all facility management and facility service
activities for "Haus Graz" are concentrated at GBG. Services such as
repairs, rehabilitation work, new constructions and conversions,
cleaning, operational management, rent invoicing, maintenance,
forest management and much more are offered and implemented
for all organisational units in "Haus Graz" in the three large business
segments construction management, project development and
workshops. With some 430 employees, GBG is the largest company
of its kind in Styria.
GBG is dedicated to the principles of sustainability in economical,
social and ecological concerns and positions itself on these
premisses as a central service provider for the entire "Haus Graz".
SUSTAINABLE AND ENERGYEFFICIENT NEW BUILDINGS
With the superordinate federal and provincial objectives in mind, the City of Graz
strives to function as a role model in its own sphere of action and – in accordance
with the Communal Energy and Climate Protection Concept (KEK 2020) – to achieve
a 30 % reduction in total energy consumption as well as a 50 % increase in green
electricity based on the consumption figures for the period 2004 to 2008.
Apart from initiatives aimed at promoting measures in private households and
companies, it is in particular the City of Graz itself that is called on to fulfil the
objectives for its own projects in an exemplary fashion. The city's own buildings and
facilities play a particularly important role for its objectives regarding energy policy
as they allow it to directly influence costs and consumption. On the one hand,
implementing energy efficiency measures appears to make sense for the purpose of
both maintaining building fabric and thus the assets of the city's own existing
building stock as well as quality of use. Furthermore, it is beneficial when it comes to
quality of life and environment and, above all, with regard to mere economic
considerations.
While the focus in the area of municipal real estate used to be on building
maintenance, GBG and the Environmental Agency of the City of Graz have made it
their objective to optimize new buildings in regard to sustainability and energy
efficiency in the coming years. According to KEK 2020, operation and maintenance of
the city's buildings and facilities need to be carried out in an optimal way when it
comes to energy efficiency and energy saving potentials are to be exploited
extensively. From 2015, new buildings have to be built according to the passive
house standard.
Furthermore, energy performance certificates showing primary energy consumption
and CO2 emissions have to be visibly displayed in all public buildings with regular
visitor traffic. The measures apply to the City of Graz and its departments in the
narrow sense as well as their associated companies.
Supported by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme, energy-related basic
data for recording in a central database could be determined. This is
supposed to also benefit future benchmarking of buildings. Whereas in the
past the actual energy costs were recorded centrally, they are now allocated
to the budgets of the individual departments in order to create saving
incentives through behavioural changes but also to create increased
influencing potential. The energy-related decisions that are to be made in the
context of the rehabilitation of communal buildings are made in the various
departments and bodies of "Haus Graz". The use of contracting models
allows the financing of investment measures even if no corresponding
position previously existed in the departments' budgets.
Therefore, GBG, together with the departments and organisations, develops
a programme for new buildings that makes adequate provisions for both
requirements of new buildings and energy saving potentials. If possible,
municipal structures are to be supplied with heat through energy facilities
that are friendly to the environment and the climate, clean and efficient.
Existing heating facilities are to be renewed correspondingly. Also, one needs
to make sure the lighting system is efficient and to replace outdated devices
consuming high amounts of electricity.
The projects that have been implemented must thereby be seen as the start
of a new buildings package larger in scale following the objectives laid out by
KEK 2020 whose foundations could be created using the financial support
made possible by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme.
Usage of renewable energy:
Considering Graz's unfavourable air conditions resulting from its location in a basin,
increased use of waste heat and renewable energy sources is obligatory. The
immission situation in greater Graz is characterised by massive exceedance of limit
values, e.g. of particulate matter values, sometimes several times per year. Records
from recent years show an increased number of violations of the stipulations of the
EU's Air Quality Directive. The main polluters are domestic heating, traffic and the
industry. It is indispensable to introduce adequate measures in all areas to increase
air quality, especially so with regards to combustion emissions producing particles
less than 1 μm in diameter which are particularly detrimental to health. Expert
physicians therefore overwhelmingly agree that reductions through the change of
heating systems yield disproportionately favourable results when it comes to health.
The extension of Graz's district heating system is therefore included as a
constructive measure in all provincial programmes of measures concerning the
areas of particulate matter and climate protection. In order to use district heating
with climate protection in mind, most of the heat is produced from CO2-neutral
sources such as cogeneration and waste heat utilisation as well as solar energy, bio
gas and bio mass. Converting heating systems to district heating is supposed to yield
a significant and proven reduction in CO2 emissions.
Thermal solar facilities for water heating represent another important supporting
pillar in the communal energy concept. The city's Land Surveying Office has
therefore created a cadastral land register providing information on the solar energy
potential of roofs in the city of Graz on the basis of photogrammetrically recorded
roof landscapes, their positions, sizes and inclines as well as shading. This solar roof
cadastre is used as a basis to promote the installation of solar energy systems in the
city of Graz and shows a potential of some 40 % of the total roof space.
BEAM-Graz:
The City of Graz determined in its Communal Energy and Climate Protection
Concept (KEK 2020) that from 2015 all new buildings have to fulfil requirements
of low-energy houses. In order to reach this goal, new approaches have to be
chosen.
The City of Graz normally organizes architectural competitions for new
buildings, in order to generate the best solution for the defined requirements.
New methods and assessment criteria were developed, tested and
implemented. Furthermore, it was essential to bring in external support to
ensure the desired standards of energy efficiency during the planning phase.
Additionally, awareness has to be risen, as for the attainment of high standards
higher investment sums are required.
New buildings constructed under the IEE-Programme are characterized by a high
energetic standard. Besides, the new buildings substitute stock property, which
could only be refurbished by uneconomic measures. The GBG defined a package
of seven projects including the investment sum of €42 Mio. During the period of
sponsorship the construction and extension of a elementary school, the
construction of a sports centre and the redesign of the communal business
location were implemented.
Most of those projects serve as substitutes for old, inefficient buildings for
which the renovation and adaption to the standard requirements would be
more expensive than the new construction. Therefore, the new buildings should
be regarded as a investment in energy efficiency and environmental protection.
Examples are the elementary school Mariagrün and the sports centre ASKÖ.
ENERGETICALLY-OPTIMIZED NEW BUILDINGS
Architectural competitions:
An assessment structure with energetic criteria was designed, fitting to the
earliest planning phase to assess architectural solutions in the contests. The
assessment criteria contained:
•
building surface/volume ration: a compact buildings envelop is
relevant to reach low energy standards
•
percentage of glazing in the facade and roof – relevant for heating
and cooling
•
planned renewable energy resources and integration in the design
concept
•
calculated heating and cooling energy demand
Technical assistance in the planning phase:
80 % of the total cost of a building are running costs, 2/3 of that are energy
costs. The decisions influencing the energy costs were made in the early
planning phase. From 2015 all new buildings have to fulfil the passive house
standard and in further consequence zero energy standards. Therefore, an
external partner consulted and controlled the planners in order to ensure the
performance regarding the energy standard. Graz Energy Agency acted as an
energy expert, as the company has long-time experience in the field of
building planning and an excellent cooperation with the GBG.
New buildings constructed under the IEE-Programme are characterized by a
high energetic standard. Besides, the new buildings substitute stock property,
which could only be refurbished by uneconomic measures. The GBG defined a
package of seven projects including the investment sum of €42 Mio.
PILOT PROJECTS - NEW BUILDINGS
INTELLIGENT ENERGY EUROPE
PROGRAMME 2012 - 2015
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MARIAGRÜN
Gross usable floor area:
2,543 m2
Heating demand:
A++ 2,07 kWh/m³a
Total investment:
€ 6,389,998
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MARIAGRÜN
The old school building in Mariagrünerstraße showed substantial deficiencies, so that
a valuable running of the school could not be ensured. Classrooms as well as staff
rooms and gym were too small, there was a lack of breakout and media rooms. Due to
regional planning restrictions the building could not be reconstructed or expanded.
Therefore a relocation into the area of Schönbrunngasse was planned. The location
provided the following benefits:
• sufficient space for pupils and teachers
• huge green area for playing, sports and leisure
• possibility of school with day care
• innovative, energy-saving construction (passive energy house)
„21st century school“ – first elementary school in Graz build according to the passive
house standard
In June 2008 a first workshop with representatives of the school and parents was
held, in which basic considerations concerning a „21st century school“ were
generated. Those ideas were further developed in workshops with experts of
education, construction as well as representatives of pupils. The architects Phillip
Berktold & Christoph Kalb from Dornbirn won the tender of the European
architectural competition and constructed the first elementary school in Graz
according to the energy efficiency class A++. Three domestic timber species were
used: the construction consists out of spruce, for the façade fir and larch were used.
When choosing the inner building material, the focus lay on the avoidance of PVC- and
HFCKW. The school is provided with heat by a long-distance circuit of the
neighbouring building. The ventilation system is equipped with heat recovery and has
a total efficiency of 85 %. The water is heated by a fresh-water module. Building
services are regulated by an intelligent regulation, which is connected to the energy
monitoring system of the City of Graz.
ASKÖ CENTRE EGGENBERG
Gross usable floor area:
4,083 m²
Heating demand:
41 kWh/m²a
Total investment:
€ 8,373,641
ASKÖ CENTRE EGGENBERG
As the existing ASKÖ sports centre did not correspond with requirements of
modern facilities, the ASKÖ federal association decided to construct a new
building fulfilling the four main functions:
• triple gymnasium with tribunes for around 700 viewers
• ASKÖ-movement centre (ABC) with two rooms and corresponding
infrastructure
• administration for the ASKÖ federal association Styria
• buffet
Only the south-western part of the facilities had to be designed in a new way.
The new ASKÖ centre Eggenberg offers room for diverse ball sports as well as
fitness and health sports. From now on, location shall appear as „ASKÖ Centre
Styria“. The criteria of urban construction, architecture, function, economy and
ecology were considered for the new centre. In cooperation with the
construction management and the chamber of architects and engineers an
European, one-level architectural competition was held. Besides the normal
framework conditions the UNESCO was involved, as the ASKÖ area is located in
the buffer zone of the World Heritage - cultural site Schloß Eggenberg. From 70
submitted works the project stemming from the architectural office MA Quadrat
ZT GmbH was chosen as the winner.
Economic as well as ecologic criteria were considered for implementation: water
is heated by solar panels, water for rests rooms and the irrigation of the green
areas stems from rainwater. Dressing rooms are heated with the waste heat from
the sports hall and heating and ventilation are equipped with heat recovery.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ST. PETER
Gross usable floor area:
1,934 m²
Heating demand:
10.35 kWh/m³a
Total investment:
€ 5,356,812
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ST. PETER
A modern school needs more space, as numbers of pupils are increasing.
Therefore, the local council of the City of Graz assigned the GBG to extend the
elementary school St. Peter. After the beginning of the construction phase in
2012 and the topping-out ceremony in November 2013 the new building was
handed over with the beginning of the school year.
Renovation and extension
In the context of the reconstruction parts of the heritage-protected building
were refurbished and extended with an additional building. The office Wratschko
from Graz won the architectural tender. In the basement of the school a sports
room and a wardrobe are located. On the ground floor a vestibule, a foyer, a
break hall, a dining hall for the children of the afternoon-care-programme, a
kitchen and a working space are situated. The central wardrobe for all pupils is
in the basement of the old building. In the first floor there are four new
classrooms with two breakout rooms as well as a library, a media area, a staff
room and administration.
The old building was equipped with an elevator, sanitary installations were
renovated and new breakout rooms were integrated. Thanks to the design of an
open-air-area including stage and auditorium a multifunctional usage is enabled,
from which not only the school, but also the district will benefit.
For the extension of the building ecologically recyclable materials were used.
Roof, ceiling and wall constructions made out of wood as well as an optimized
humidity, heat and temperature regulation enable a pleasant indoor climate.
Facades were equipped with an increased heat insulation. Surfaces, which are
not accessible were grassed and thus provide an additional heat insulation and
an improved micro-climate.
NURSING HOME PETER ROSEGGER
Gross usable floor area:
6,423 m²
Heating demand:
2.62 kWh/m³a
Total investment:
€12,000,000
NURSING HOME PETER ROSEGGER
The geriatric health centres (GGZ) built a nursing home of the „4th
generation“ on the area of a former barrack in the district of
Wetzelsdorf. The two-storied frame house was ecologically built as a
passive house and is structured in eight residential communities with
104 beds in total. In each living community there is a common living
area and a dining area including a kitchen. From the communal rooms
residents have direct access to the terrace. An individual concept was
developed for the green spaces outdoors. Different measures, as e.g.
porches and light domes create diverse lighting effects. Besides, the goal
is to provide a varied and comfortable surrounding for the residents.
Hence there is a variety of places to dwell on balconies, inner courtyards
or gardens.
Architect Dietger Wissounig from Graz won the architectural
competition. Energetic and ecological criteria were decisive for the
competition. Wood was chosen consciously as material. The wooden
construction consists out of spruce, for the facade domestic, untreated
larch was chosen. Indoors there are decorative wood surfaces. The
energy system consists out of a district-heating connection, a
photovoltaic installation and earth tubes. The passive house is certified
with a green building certification.
IMPRINT
Published by:
GBG Gebäude- und Baumanagement Graz GmbH
Conrad-von-Hötzendorf-Straße 94
8010 Graz
gbg.graz.at
Supported by:
Graz Energy Agency GmbH
Kaiserfeldgasse 13/I
8010 Graz
grazer-ea.at
Photos: Syda Productions / Shutterstock.com