Download Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal Communication
 Definition
 Components
 Power
and functions of nonverbal
 Types of nonverbal comm.
Definition
 “Oral
or nonoral messages
expressed by other than
linguistic means” (Adler &
Rodman, 2003, p. 150).
Nonverbal can be…
 Perceived
by sender or receiver, or
 Intended as a message by the
sender, or
 Interpreted by the receiver as
intended.
(Trenholm & Jensen, 2000)
Components of Nonverbal
Nonverbal communication exists
 Nonverbal communication has value
 Nonverbal communication assists with:
– Identity management
– Defining relationships
– Conveying emotions
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Components, cont.
 Nonverbal
comm. is ambiguous
 Nonverbal comm. is culture bound
Verbal vs. Nonverbal
 Nonverbal
communication
operates on multiple channels
 Nonverbal communication is
continuous and never ending
 Nonverbal communication can be
unconscious
The Power of Nonverbal Codes
(Trenholm & Jensen, 2000)
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Nonverbal codes are given more credence
and are more trusted than verbal codes.
Nonverbal codes are more emotionally
powerful.
Nonverbal codes express more universal
meaning.
Nonverbal codes are continuous and natural.
Nonverbal codes occur in clusters.
Functions of Nonverbal
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Repeating
Substituting
Complementing
Accenting
Regulating
Contradicting
Deceiving
Types of Nonverbal Comm.
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Posture and Gesture
-Kinesics: the study of body movements,
gesture and posture.
Types of Nonverbal, cont.
Face and Eyes
 Voice
 Paralanguage: nonverbal vocal
messages
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Types of Nonverbal, cont.
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Touch
Physical Attractiveness
Clothing
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Distance
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Proxemics: the study of the way people and
animals use space
Intimate distance: skin to 18 inches
Personal distance: 18 inches to four feet
Social distance: four feet to 12 feet
Public distance: 12 feet to 25 feet
Types of nonverbal, cont.
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Time
Territoriality
Environmental