Download Intro v6.1 PPTs Unit 1

Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Overview
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5

Lesson 6
Lessons in Unit 1:
– Types of Computers
Summary
Quiz
– Internal Computer
Components:
CPUs, Memory, and
Accessory Cards
– System Software
– Application Software
– Management and Utility Software
– From Applications to the Network
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Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
This lesson looks at classifications of computers found in
networks and the primary purpose of each type.
 At the end of Lesson 1, you should
be able to:
– Identify the primary function of each class of
computer
– Understand where each type of computer is
typically found in a network
Key Point
Computers are the
endpoints of the networks.
Computer types perform
unique tasks based on
their sizes.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Desktop Computers
 Desktop computers are sometimes
divided into two broad categories:
– Personal computers (PCs and Macs)
– Workstations
 PCs usually run Microsoft Windows
operating systems. They can also run
Linux and UNIX. Macs run the Apple O/S.
 A workstation typically runs a version of
the UNIX operating system.
 Workstations typically have more graphics
capabilities and other high-end hardware.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Mid-Range Computers and Servers
 The term “mid-range” covers a wide
range of computer systems that support
more than one user.

Mid-range computers include:
– High-end Reduced Instruction Set Computer
(RISC) CPU-based servers (IBM AS/400)
– Intel-based servers (Compaq, Dell, and
Hewlett-Packard)
– UNIX-based servers of all types
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Mid-Range Computers and Servers
 Mid-range and server systems are
commonly used in small to medium
organizations, such as departmental
information processing.
 Typical applications include:
– Finance and accounting (AS/400)
– Database (Intel-based or UNIX-based)
– Printer servers (Intel or UNIX-based)
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Mainframe Computers
 Mainframe computers (also referred to as
super computers) and associated
client/server products can manage large
organization-wide networks.
 The unique and inherent capabilities of
leading-edge mainframe systems include:
– Constant availability
– Rigorous backup, recovery, and security
– Huge economies of scale
– High bandwidth I/O facilities
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Others
 Laptops, palmtops or PDAs, and thin
client terminals.
 Thin client terminals have staged a
comeback.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Activities
1) Match the characteristics with the computer
type; choose all that apply.
Constant availability___
A. Desktop
Single user ___
B. Mainframe
Mobility___
C. PDAs
D. Server
High-end graphics___
Windows operating system___
F. PC
UNIX___
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E. Workstation
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Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Extended Activities
1) The class members will break into four focus
groups to discuss computer types. Each group
will champion a type of computer, research the
applications where they are found, and make a
short presentation to the other groups.
The computer types are:
a
Desktop computers
b
Mid-range computers (including server-based
systems)
c
Mainframe computers
d
Other computers (laptops and PDAs)
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Extended Activities
2) Go to various Web sites and evaluate computer
products in each of the categories presented in
this lesson. Start with the following:
a
Desktop computers (http://www.compaq.com,
http://www.dell.com, http://www.gateway.com,
and http://www.micron.com)
b
Mid-range computers (http://www.hp.com,
http://www.ibm.com, and http://www.sun.com)
c
Mainframes (http://www.ibm.com,
http://www.amdahl.com, and
http://www.hitachi.com)
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Types of Computers
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Extended Activities
d
Other computers (http://www.3com.com,
http://www.apple.com, http://www.hp.com,
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu, and
http://www.oracle.com)
3) List other companies, as well as devices not
covered in this lesson, such as specialized
process-control computers.
4) Break into discussion groups and examine the
various ways PCs have impacted how we
interact at home, work, school, and leisure.
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Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
This lesson reviews important aspects of clients and
servers that attach to a network.
 At the end of Lesson 2, you should
be able to demonstrate an understanding of:
– The function of a CPU in a computer
– The role memory plays in a computer and its
impact in the operation of a computer
– I/O of a computer
– Types of storage found in computers
Key Point
All internal computer
components have multiple
options for speed
and capacity.
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– NICs and how computers connect to a network
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Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 The microprocessor is the brain of any
computer.
 The terms microprocessor and CPU are
used interchangeably.
 There are two basic characteristics that
differentiate microprocessors:
– Data bus size is the number of bits that a
CPU can send or receive in a single
instruction.
– Given in MHz, the clock speed determines
how many instructions per second the
processor can execute.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 A 64-bit microprocessor that runs at 450
MHz is more powerful than a 16-bit
microprocessor that runs at 100 MHz.
 The vast majority of all desktop PCs
incorporate a single Intel architecture
processor (such as Pentium).
 AMD (Advanced Micro Devices) also
manufactures compatible CPUs
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Input/Output
 A bus is a collection of wires that transmit
data from one part of a computer to
another.
 The term bus usually refers to an
internal bus.
 An internal bus connects appropriate
internal computer components to the CPU
and main memory.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Input/Output
 The size of a bus, known as its width,
determines how much data can be
transmitted at one time
 A 16-bit bus can transmit 16 bits of data,
or two bytes
 A 32-bit bus can transmit 32 bits of data,
or four bytes
 A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data,
or eight bytes
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Input/Output
 Every bus has a clock speed measured in MHz.
 PCs made today include a local bus for data
 The local bus is a high-speed pathway that
connects directly to the processor.
Bus
8-bit ISA
16-bit ISA
EISA
PCI
64-bit PCI
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Width
(bits)
8
16
32
32
64
Unit 3
Speed (MHz)
8.33
8.33
8.33
33
66
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Unit 5
Bandwidth
(MB/sec)
8.3
16.6
33.3
132
528
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Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Memory
 The system’s internal, board-mounted
storage area in the computer
 Virtual memory expands the amount of
memory for an application beyond the
actual physical.
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Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Memory
 There are several different types of
memory:
– RAM
– ROM
– Programmable read-only memory (PROM)
– Erasable programmable read-only memory
(EPROM)
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Network Interface Cards
 A NIC is the hardware component that
provides connectivity to a network.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Network Interface Cards
 The NIC fits into an expansion slot on the
motherboards I/O bus.
Ethernet, FDDI, Fast Ethernet, ISDN,
Token Ring, etc.
LANs
Computer Bus Supported MCA,ISA, EISA, PCI, NuBus, VME
NIC Characteristics
RAM Buffer Size
8 KB, 16 KB, 32 bit, etc.
Bus Size
8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit, etc.
Data Rate
10 Mbps, 4 Mbps, 16 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1Gbps
Media Type Supported
10Base2, 10BaseT, UTP, STP, Optical/Fiber
O/S Supported
VINEs, NetWare, Appletalk, Windows NT, etc.
Processor Capability
386, 486, Pentium, Pentium II, Pentium III, etc.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Activities
1) List three speeds at which a CPU might
operate.
2) The function of a CPU is to store programs.
TRUE / FALSE
3) The amount of RAM determines the speed at
which a CPU executes instructions.
TRUE / FALSE
4) List at least three types of memory.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Activities
Choose the correct answer in items five through eight.
5) Which device is associated with short-term
storage: hard disk or RAM?
6) What determines the size of a bus: length or
width?
7) Which is faster: an ISA or a PCI bus?
8) Draw a rough sketch of a NIC connecting a PC
to a network using an RJ-45 connector.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Extended Activities
1) Acquire the following components and use
them for a “show and tell” session:
motherboards, CPU chips, NICs, EISA-type
cards, PCI-type cards, video cards, PCMCIA
cards, memory (SIMM and DIMM chips), and
anything else you might find interesting.
2) Go to a Web site (e.g., http://www.dell.com)
and find prices for RAM. Pay particular
attention to the various sizes offered, such as 8
MB, 16 MB, 32 MB, and 128 MB. Calculate the
price per MB for the different sizes. Visit other
Web sites for price comparisons.
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Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks – Internal Computer
Components:CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Extended Activities
3) Use the Web to look up memory terms such as
SIMM, DIMM, EDO, SDRAM, SGRAM. Can you
think of any others?
4) Look up information on “plug-and-play”
devices. Can any type of expansion card be
used in a plug-and-play environment?
5) Go to a Web site such as
http://www.webopedia.com and find
information on the accelerated graphics port
(AGP) interface. Discuss how this is being
used.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Two primary types of system software are discussed in
this lesson, operating systems and device drivers.
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
 At the end of Lesson 3, you should
be able to demonstrate an understanding of:
– What an operating system is used for in a
computer
– The basic functions of an operating system
– The most common types of operating systems
– What a device driver is used for in a computer
Key Point
System software manages
the hardware and software
interoperability within a
computer.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Operating Systems
 Operating systems perform the most basic
of computer tasks.
 The tasks of an operating system include:
– Managing the operation of computer programs
– Interpreting keyboard input
– Displaying data to the computer screen
– File I/O
– Controlling peripheral devices, such as floppy
disks, hard disks, and printers
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
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Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Operating Systems
 Operating systems can be classified as
follows:
– Multitasking
– Multithreading
– Multiuse
– Multiprocessing
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Operating Systems
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
 Operating systems provide a software
platform that can run other programs,
called application programs.
 The application programs must be written
to run on top of a particular operating
system.
 Applications must be “ported” to run in a
different operating system environment
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Operating Systems
 Microsoft has generally dominated the PC
operating system market.
 Microsoft Windows was the initial GUI that
ran on top of DOS.
 Windows for Workgroups 3.11 was
Microsoft’s first peer-to-peer network
operating system.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Operating Systems
 Windows 95 is a true operating system, not
just a GUI as found in standard Windows.
 Windows 98 is another version of Microsoft
Windows.
 Windows NT is Microsoft’s 32-bit operating
system. Windows 2000 is another O/S
product.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Operating Systems
 There are two Windows NT options:
– Windows NT Workstation
– Windows NT Server
 Windows 2000 has several products such as
Windows 2000 Professional and Windows
2000 Server
 The mid-range software market is
characterized by competition between
UNIX.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Device Drivers
 A device driver is special-purpose software
used to control specific hardware devices in
a computer system.
 Device drivers for NICs control the
operation of the NIC and provide an
interface for the computer’s operating
system.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) _______________ enables running a program
on multiple CPUs.
2) _______________ allows more than one
program to run at a time.
3) A _______________ operating system allows
many concurrent users.
4) List three tasks accomplished by operating
systems.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
5) List five operating systems that run on PCs or
PC servers.
6) A _______________ _______________ is
written for and controls hardware.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) Using a research tool, such as an Internet
search engine, list how many different “flavors”
of operating systems exist.
2) Classify the operating systems found in terms
of:
a
Hardware platform (e.g., desktop)
b
Type of application environment normally
found
c
Specialized operating systems (for handling
graphics, etc.)
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – System Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
3) UNIX systems are sometimes classified as
somewhat cryptic regarding their user
interface. List what GUIs, such as Xwindows,
are available for UNIX-type operating systems.
4) How would you go about getting the latest
version of a device driver for a 3Com 3C905
NIC?
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Applications are computer programs that are used for
productivity and automation of tasks. Networks are used
to move application information from source to
destination.
 At the end of Lesson 4, you should
be able to demonstrate an understanding of:
– Single-user applications
– Network applications
Key Point
Application programs are
used to accomplish a task or
enhance productivity.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Types of Applications
 Single-user applications include:
– Word processors
– Desktop publishing
– Graphics
– Database
– Spreadsheets
– Web Browsers
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Types of Applications
 Network applications include:
– Database access
– Print services
– E-mail
– Fax services
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
For each function, choose the type of program and
program name (from the next page).
1) Categorize information _______________
2) Document processing _______________
3) Document publishing _______________
4) Manipulate numbers _______________
5) Create artwork _______________
6) Internet retrieval _______________
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
Activities
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
Unit 1
Spreadsheet
Adobe Illustrator
Netscape Communicator
Graphics
Microsoft Access
Database
Word processor
Adobe Framemaker
Lotus Notes
Microsoft Word
Web browser
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
7) List three network applications.
8) Contrast the functions/characteristics of an
application program with an operating system.
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Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Application Software
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) Using the Web, list the kind of applications
available for LINUX.
2) Go to http://www.netcraft.com and list the
usage rates for the various Web server
software programs.
3) What are the major database products? Where
are these typically being used (e.g., large
organizations, small businesses)?
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
This lesson looks at another category of software,
communication and management software.
 At the end of Lesson 5, you should
be able to demonstrate an understanding of:
– Different types of communication and
management software
– Usage of communication programs and processes
– Basic functionality of network management
software
Key Point
Not all computer programs
are for individual user
productivity.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Management and Utility Software
Summary
Quiz
 Communication and management software
Lesson 5
includes:
– System Status Messaging Services
– Network Communications
– Network Security Utilities
– Network Management Tools
– Remote Access Services
– Backup and Recovery Utilities
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
System Status Messaging Services
Summary
Quiz
 The network operating system (NOS)
Lesson 5
typically provides software on the client
workstation to open windows for status
messages from remote servers.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Network Communications
Summary
Quiz
 Clients access the network through the use
Lesson 5
of communication protocols such as
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX),
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP), and Ethernet.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Network Security Utilities
Summary
Quiz
 Network security utilities come in several
Lesson 5
forms and can often prevent network
failures and damage to an organization’s
assets.
 Network security specialists classify these
threats as follows:
– Hackers
– Bandits
– Trojan horses
– Viruses
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Network Management Tools
Summary
Quiz
 Network management tools generally
Lesson 5
consists of the following functions:
– Network configuration
– Troubleshooting
– Event notification
– Metrics and planning
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Remote Access Services
Summary
Quiz
 The ability to work anywhere at any time is
Lesson 5
creating an urgent need for more secure
remote LAN access.
 Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) which
provide a secure “tunnel” through the
Internet are increasing in popularity
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Backup and Recovery Utilities
Summary
Quiz
 Backup and recovery procedures and
Lesson 5
software are extremely important for
organizations that rely on stored
information.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) List at least three utility programs you are
familiar with or have heard of.
2) Describe the purpose of a virus protection
program.
3) List five things you would like a network
management program to provide.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) Using the Web, look up information on
computer viruses. Start with
http://www.nai.com.
2) How many known viruses are there?
3) On average, how many new viruses are found
every month?
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
Management and Utility Software
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
4) Break into focus groups and research and
present information on common network
management software, such as HP OpenView,
3Com Transcend, Bay Networks Optivity, and
Sun Microsystems Solstice.
5) Research firewall products and list the security
issues they address.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
From Applications to the Network
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
This lesson looks at how application information makes
its way from an application in a computer to the network.
 At the end of Lesson 6, you should
understand:
– How applications use the operating system
– How application information is sent from one
computer system to another
Key Point
Applications are closely
tied to the underlying
operating system.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
From Applications to the Network
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Application-to-Application Communication
Summary
Quiz
 The following three items must be installed
Lesson 5
on the local machine by the local operating
system to provide for communication across
a network:
– NIC and NIC device driver
– Client software
– Communication software
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
From Applications to the Network
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Application-to-Application Communication
Summary
Quiz
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
From Applications to the Network
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) Draw a diagram illustrating a small network
(two nodes). Include thorough information on
CPU type, memory, type of operating system,
NIC, and application(s).
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
From Applications to the Network
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) Break into groups. One group will represent
services offered by a multiuser operating
system. The other groups will represent
different applications, such as e-mail clients,
Internet browsers, Web servers, and word
processors. Each application group will list the
various functions they perform. The operating
system group will list the services they offer.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Introduction to Networking
Introduction
Lesson 1
Computers and Software in Networks –
From Applications to the Network
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Extended Activities
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
2) The operating system group will further divide
into two groups: a desktop operating system
and a server operating system. List the
appropriate functions of each group.
3) The various groups (applications) will make
requests of the local operating system and the
server operating system.
4) Discuss the flow of information at the desktop
computer, and from the client to the server.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Unit 1 Summary Quiz
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
1) List the four computer classifications in order of
processing power typically associated with each
type.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
2) List four capabilities of a mainframe.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
3) What are four common components of a
computer system?
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
4) What does I/O stand for?
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
5) Which is an example of a processors clock
speed?
a. 400Mhz
b. 64 bit
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
6) What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
7) Which of the following I/O bus types support
NICs?
a. MCA
b. ISA
c. EISA
d. PCMCIA
e. RAM
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
8) List three different classifications for operating
systems.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
9) Which of the following are managed by the
operating system?
a. Keyboard input
b. Screen display
c. File I/O
d. Peripheral control
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
10) List at least two GUI-based operating systems.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
11) What is the primary purpose of a device
driver?
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
12) List three types of devices that use drivers.
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Lesson 1
Introduction to Networking
Lesson 2
Computers and Software in Networks – Summary Quiz
Introduction
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Summary
Quiz
13) Which of the following is
communication/management software?
a. Groupware
b. Backup
c. Remote access
d. Virus protector
e. Java
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8