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Download Roman Republic to Roman Empire
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Roman Republic to Roman Empire 2 social classes: Working class Shopkeepers Artisans Citizen Right to vote Pay tax Less Status No public office Wealthy landowners Ruling class Citizen Right to vote Pay tax Hold public office 3 part government : tripartite Consul Senate Ran govt made laws Led army spending Veto taxes foreign policy Complain – no power Went on strike Eventually – elect tribunes l plebeians patricians Assembly elect consuls watch out rights of commoners Roman Republic to Roman Empire 2 social classes Plebeians 3 part government : tripartite Patricians plebeians patricians Roman Law: 12 Tables Principles of Justice • Innocent until proven guilty • Defend self before judge • Judge must look at evidence • “the rule of the law” = All equal under the law All treated equally The Punic Wars: Rome vs. Carthage 1. Fought over Sicily Rome won 2. Hannibal attacks with elephants… Rome wins in Carthage 3. Rome burned Carthage. Roman Law: The Punic Wars: _____ Tables _______ vs. _________ Principles of Justice 1. 2. 3. Troubles in Republic: Rich take land Poor revolt Reformers try to bring change Julius Caesar rose to power: • Citizenship to territories • New colonies • Create jobs • Hired freed workers Rome Becomes an Empire: Julius Caesar killed Civil war Octavian -> Augustus Caesar Made himself dictator for life= first emperor Pax Romana 200 years of peace in Roman Empire • Prosperity • Professional army • Praetorian Guard • Conquered Britain • Rome rebuilt • Art flourished • Imported grain to feed poor • Governors in provinces • Reformed taxes Troubles in the Republic: Rome Becomes an Empire Pax Romana Emperors Thumbs UP Thumbs DOWN Claudius – added Britain Vespasian – stability Titus – built Coliseum Trajan – empire reached greatest extent Hadrian – traveled to all provinces Marcus Aurelius – financial shortages; end of Pax Romana Nero – “reign of terror” killed senators blamed Christians Domitian - own body guard killed him Commodus – eccentric Severus – soldier emperors GREED, economy collapsed Emperors Thumbs UP Thumbs DOWN Emperors’ characteristics + - Loyal to people Organized Gained territory Tried to have stability Cooperated with Senate Optimistic, honest Strong military Neglected government Killed leadership Put down opposition Strict, selfish, greedy Liked bloodshed Own pleasure Lost interest in public affairs Wanted total control Emperors’ characteristics + -
