Download Egypt Jigsaw notes combined sample answers

Name:
Date:
Chapter 5:
Pages 8693
Connections With the Past
After reading pages 86-93 in your socials text book Ancient Worlds 7, answer the following questions to
help you build and organize your notes. Feel free to fill in your notes using your own words ensure you are
accurate as this is the first of several notes packages that make up the final exam on the Egyptian culture
1) Some say the ancient Egyptians left us giant ‘time capsules’. What kinds of evidence
did they leave for us to find? How does that evidence provide us with clues to their past?
The Egyptians left behind tombs that contained wall paintings, treasures, mummified
bodies, containers of food, and wine, and other artifacts that help us learn about their
society. These artifacts reflected the cultural and religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptian
people.
2) How did the presence of the Nile river directly contribute to the Egyptians becoming
one of the most complex cultures of its time? (pg 87) Think back to Mesopotamia as it is
a very similar tale (pg 62-63 for clues)
When the rivers flooded, they left behind silt when the water drained away (natural
fertilizer). This made for great farming.
It also provided natural deltas which were good for hunting and collecting materials.
Farming allowed other jobs to be created, and other innovations to be discovered. Trade
made the society a rich one.
3) List 5 ways the ancient Egyptians made use of the Nile River (pg 87-89)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Highway for boats (trade and travel)
Swimming
Irrigation of crops
Fishing and hunting
Materials like reeds for papyrus
OR: entertainment and relaxation, rowing, playing games
4) Take a look at the cycle of the Nile River on the bottom of page 89. Draw it below.
Include descriptions of each of the seasons described in your drawing
(Found in your text book. Include names of seasons and a brief description of what the
Egyptians do during each season)
This cycle was so predictable the Egyptians build a whole calendar around it. Why do
you think it was so central to their lives?
-The Nile was the giver of life to the Egyptian people
-The Egyptian’s farming was maximized by following the cycle. The seasons helped
them know both when best to plant crops, and when best to harvest them.
-It was the most vital part of Egyptian life.
5) Imagine life for the Egyptian people in April based on this cycle calendar. What are
the people doing? How do they feel? Describe what you picture based on what you
know. Include the season.
April is in “Shemu” which is harvest time. The farmers would be harvesting their grains.
People might be working hard in the fields, to gather the fruits of their hard work
throughout the year.
6) What about August?
August falls into the season “Akhet”. The summer floods cover the valley floor.
Farmers fields might have been flooded, and the banks of the nile would be over flowing.
7) What would the Egyptians be doing right now as of this date back then? (January)
It was sowing (planting seeds) time. “Peret”. In January, the Egyptians plant their crops
while the soil is still damp from the floods.
8) What is culture?
-Culture is the way of life of a given group of people. It includes everything the people
have, think, and do. It includes how they live, their arts, music, even traditions and
beliefs, what they eat, wear, live, ect.
-What are cultural basic needs?
-food, water, shelter, clothing, transportation, something to look forward to (celebrations
or fun)
-What are cultural expressions?
The way a group of people express themselves through their art, music, language, sports,
and religious beliefs (world view)
-What are cultural structures?
These are our schools, government buildings, and religious buildings. These are how a
culture passes down its laws and keeps order.
9) Describe the living conditions (home and way of life) of a normal family in Ancient
Egypt:
-Families lived in houses called: Adobes. (House made of bricks that are dried mud).
They were usually 3 levels. basement: was cooler in temperature so it was for storing
food. Second floor: family business. Top floor: family lived. Sometimes they even hung
out on the roof, and slept up there if it was hot inside at night.
Sons: learned their fathers trade. Daughters: learned to keep a house and raise a family.
-Describe the diet of a normal family in Ancient Egypt:
Egypt was a plentiful place to live. Normal families ate: fruits and veggies like beans,
onions and leeks. They ate fish from the Nile. Meat was expensive, but they ate it on
special occasions. They drank beer made from barley.
10) Describe the living conditions (home and way of life) of a wealthy family in Ancient
Egypt:
-Large homes, private rooms, reception hall, nicely decorated inside (painted and
tapestries)
-Rich families had slaves or servants to help with chores and cooking.
-Children took lessons from private tutors and were educated.
Describe the diet of a wealthy family in Ancient Egypt:
-They ate: Everything the poorer families ate as well as: bread, meat like beef and lamb,
and wine made from grapes.
-They had fancy bronze or silver or gold dishes, but everyone ate with their hands.
Word
Definition
Example Sentence
Papyrus
Is a type of paper
used by the Ancient
Egyptians. It is made
from Reeds grown
along the Nile River
Archeologists have found
messages written on scrolls of
Papyrus.
Hieroglyphics
Are the symbols that
were used to
represent language by
the Ancient Egyptians.
Hieroglyphics, explaining stories
and ceremonies, have been
found written on the walls of
tombs.
Picture
Adobe
Early Egyptians lived in Adobe
Is a house made from houses because wood was too
adobe bricks, which
scarce to build homes out of.
are bricks of hardened
mud.
Name:
Date:
Chapter 5:
Pages 94105
Cultural Expressions
After reading pages 94-105 in your socials text book Ancient Worlds 7, answer the following questions to
help you build and organize your notes. Feel free to fill in your notes using your own words ensure you are
accurate as this is the second of two notes packages that will appear on your test along side the Egyptian art
notes.
1) Egypt is very well known for expressing its culture. How does someone express their
culture? List at least 3 or 4 things found on page 94:
-Their Art
-Language
-Beliefs/Religion
-Traditions
-Music
-Drama
2) Fashion was a huge part of cultural expression in ancient Egypt. How did that include
Make-up? Include the terms Kohl, ochre, and henna:
-Important for all ages and genders
-Outline eyes and darken eyelashes with Kohl (black powder mixed with water). It also
protected eyes from sunlight
-Ochre: red clay applied to lips and cheeks.
-Henna: was a plant dye used to color skin, nails. Resulted in yellow or orange color
3) How were hairstyles important to the ancient Egyptians. What did this area of fashion
look like?
-Most girls had pigtails
-Most boys had shaved heads with one braid down the side
-Hair was dyed, often using henna.
-Ordinary people would wear their hair short.
4) Explain how Jewelry was important in ancient Egyptian fashion and what this looked
like:
-Jewelry was made of precious metals like gold, silver, and colorful precious stones.
-It was a status symbol to reflect wealth
-It was often thought to have powerful auras to protect from spirits or bad luck, or give
you favorable traits like long life.
5) Explain how clothing was important to Egyptian cultural expression. What did it look
like? How was it made? What was its function?
-Made for comfort (not needed for the temperature)
-Most was made of white linen (cloth made from flax)
-The whiter your clothing: the higher your social status (if it kept clean)
6) What impact did the Egyptians belief in deities have on their every day life? (pg 96)
-Egyptians believed the gods controlled everything (floods, harvests, ect)
-Egyptians often made sacrifices to their gods or goddess to keep them happy and gain
their favor
-There were gods for many things, and the Egyptians praised them often.
7) It is said that Egyptians spent their lives preparing for their afterlife. What are a few
ways they did this? (pg 97)
-They collected riches to store in their tombs
-They decorated their tombs with pictures of servants to serve them in the afterlife
-Constructed lavish tombs to protect their treasure
-Mummification of bodies to preserve them
-Learned spiritual passages and text to serve them in the afterlife (the answers to the hard
questions)
8) How did the Egyptians belief they got into the afterlife? (Think back to the Funerary
Scene)
-The dead was judged by a panel of 14 judges
-If they passed, they were met by Anubis and had their heart weighted on the scale of
truth and justice
-If their heart was lighter than the feather of Ma’at, they had lived a life of good deeds
and passed to the final chamber of the afterlife.
-If their heart was heavier than the feather, the person was fed to a crocodile creature
-The god Thoth recorded the outcome
9) Choose 3 of the gods/goddesses found on the bottom of page 96-97 and draw them
below. Include their name beneath their picture as well as what they were believed to be
the god or goddess of:
10) What is the process of Mummification?
-It took 70 days to complete
-Organs were removed from the body and put in jars
-body was packed with a drying agent
-after 40-50 days all liquids from the body were absorbed. Only skin and bones remained
-spices replaced organs
-body was wrapped with linen
11) In the pyramid of hierarchy below, please describe the social organization of the
Egyptian culture. Include the types of people at each stage as well as a brief description.
If you can not fit the description on the lines, feel free to write in the space outside the
pyramid and just draw an arrow.
-The Pharaoh: a living god. Controlled the country. Maintained various parts of their
empire, created laws.
-Nobles and Military leaders: These people were appointed by the Pharaoh for various
tasks and make sure his orders are followed.
-Priests and Scribes: The educated class of ancient Egypt. They were in charge of
religious ceremonies. Scribes could read and write.
-Crafts people and Merchants: Made supplies and goods. Traded them in town and with
other communities.
-Peasant Farmers: Worked the land, grew crops. Rarely owned the land they worked.
-Slaves: usually foreigners that were captured and sold into slavery. Worked iin
everything from farms to households.
12) How were Pharaohs perceived by their civilization? What were their duties?
-Viewed as gods by their people
-Their laws were absolute. Determined punishments.
-They ruled their empire, controlled everything from military to city structure.
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Word
Definition
Example Sentence
Deities
-a god or goddess
-The ancient Egyptians believed
in many different deities.
Embalm
-To preserve
something through
mummification.
-The Egyptians used
embalming techniques to
preserve their dead.
Legacy
-lasting memory or
accomplishments left
behind after someone
has past on.
Picture
13) Ancient Egypt is considered by many to be one of the most highly advanced
civilizations of its time. What is a civilization? As well as describing the concept,
include at least 3 features of a civilization (page 106)
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