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Unit 2 Quiz
1. Choose the most prominent strand(s) of atheology:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the concept of God is incoherent
the existence of God is incompatible with things we know about the world
religious language is not cognitively meaningful
all of the above
a and b only
2. The cosmological argument argues:
a. from design in nature to the existence of a designer
b. that the existence of the world demonstrates the existence of a transcendent cause of the
world
c. from the widespread phenomenon of religious experience to the existence of a supernatural
object of such experience
d. that God does not exist
e. that God is omnibenevolent
3. It is true that:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
broad natural theology relies upon nothing beyond our natural cognitive resources
strict natural theology relies upon nothing beyond our natural cognitive resources
revelation-based theology relies upon nothing beyond our natural cognitive resources
a and b
b and c
4. The gist of Kant's criticism of the ontological argument is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
God is unfathomable
God is immutable
God must also require a cause
existence is not a real predicate
existence is a human concept, and cannot be applied to God
5. Thomas Aquinas only practiced natural theology via the strict conception.
a. True
b. False
6. Most critics of natural theology:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
argue that one or more arguments of natural theology are failures
argue that natural theology is in principle doomed to fail
argue that natural theology is irrelevant to true religious knowledge
argue that natural theology actually impedes attaining religious truth
c and d only
7. According to Kierkegaard:
a. one can only attain the highest truths via natural theology
b. the highest truths can only be attained by an infinite subjective passion that is itself
paradoxical from the objective point of view
c. natural theology is not only useless, but an impediment to attaining religious truth
d. a and b only
e. b and c only
8. Broad natural theology:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
accepts both deductive and non-deductive forms of reasoning
accepts only evident premises
allows both evident and non-evident premises
accepts only non-deductive forms of reasoning
a and c
9. The starting point for teleological arguments is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the observation that there are contingent beings
the idea that God is defined as a perfect being
the assumption that there are objective moral truths
the observation that there are now things undergoing change and causing change
the phenomenon of goal-directedness in nature
10. Many theists distinguish between religious truths which can be discovered by unaided
human reason, and those which cannot. Thomas Aquinas thought the truth of ________
cannot be discovered by unaided human reason.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
God's existence
God's goodness
the Trinity
the Incarnation
c and d
Unit 3 Quiz
1. John Beversluis argues Lewis's moral argument commits the following logical fallacy:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
denying the antecedent
affirming the consequent
modus tollens
modus ponens
reductio ad absurdum
2. According to Stephen T. Davis, the deepest issue which arises in assessing the moral
argument is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
whether descriptive moral relativism is true
whether the ends justify the means
whether it is possible to give a compelling account of morality in purely naturalistic terms
whether things are good because God commands it, or whether God judges things to be
good because they are, independently of God's commands, good
e. whether moral values are objective
3. According to Lewis, the truth of God's existence could be determined by the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
studying the stars and other astronomical bodies
studying the science behind the Big Bang
examining our personal subjective experiences
studying human physiology
examining the intricacies of cellular biology
4. The Euthyphro dilemma refers to the following alternatives:
a. either morality is independent of God, or God can arbitrarily declare anything he chooses to
be moral/immoral
b. either morality is based on the divine nature, or God's existence is a product of morality
c. either Socrates will take Euthyphro on as a pupil, or he will not
d. either God is completely good, or God is completely evil
e. either God loves humanity, or God is indifferent to humanity
5. Lewis thought the following two things were the foundation of all clear thinking about
ourselves and the universe we live in:
a. we all have a sense of the Law of Nature which we cannot get rid of; all of us break this law
at one time or another
b. God loves us; we all have a sense of the Law of Nature which we cannot get rid of
c. we all break human laws; there is a somebody, rather than a something, behind the
universe
d. quarrelling is unavoidable; God decides what is right and wrong
e. God decides what is right and wrong; we all have a sense of the Law of Nature which we
cannot get rid of
6. As Davis uses the term, a subjective truth is best defined as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a moral truth
a truth which necessarily conflicts with objective truth
a truth which is only revealed through through prayer and meditation
a truth which is always in agreement with objective truth
a truth which is dependent on what one or more persons think
7. According to Lewis, the two main cosmologies, or views of the universe are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
materialism and the religious view
the scientific view and the theistic view
monotheism and polytheism
theism and agnosticism
realism and idealism
8. Erik Wielenberg argues ___________ is possible only if there is no divine justice.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ultimate self-sacrifice
moral relativism
the destruction of humanity
mass genocide
all of the above
9. Lewis uses the following as examples of what would constitute a "total difference" in
morality:
a. people who run away in battle being admired
b. selfishness being considered morally good
c. people feeling proud for double-crossing all those who had been kindest to them
d. all of the above
e. b and c only
10. Lewis responded to (descriptive) moral relativism with the following:
a. the differences among the moral codes of different societies don't amount to a total
difference
b. even if the differences among cultural moral codes amount to a total difference, it is
obvious there is a single absolute moral law which we feel with an inner moral sense
c. the differences between the moral codes of different cultures are proof that God does not
exist
d. "To hell with your standard!"
e. the differences among cultural moral codes does amount to a total difference
Unit 4 Quiz
1. Craig’s second philosophical argument against a beginningless universe can be summed up
as:
a. a collection formed by adding one member after another cannot be
beginningless, but the past of a beginningless universe would have to be formed
by one event being added to another
b. there is no such thing as time
c. if the universe had no beginning then there wouldn't be enough space to sustain
an actually infinite amount of time
d. motion is impossible
e. there are not any collections which count as an actual infinity
2. Morriston emphasizes the possibility that none of our hypotheses about the origin of the
universe is especially likely to be true.
a. True
b. False
3. Presumably, none of you worries a tiger could just pop into existence, uncaused, in the
room right now. Morriston thinks this is because:
a. we all know nothing can just pop into existence without a cause
b. people in their right mind just can't think that anything could pop into existence
uncaused
c. no one could sincerely believe anything could just pop into existence uncaused
d. we have a lot of experience with tigers, and given our background knowledge
we know they aren't the sort of thing which just pops into existence uncaused
e. a, b and c only
4. Craig's ultimate point regarding the actually infinite library with alternating red and black
books is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
all actual infinities are impossible
actual infinities cannot exist in the real world
the series of past events needn't have a beginning
the library cannot be potentially infinite
there isn't enough paper in the world to make such a library; an actually infinite
library is physically impossible
5. The concept of potential infinity usually comes into play when:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
we subtract, one member at a time, from an actually infinite series
we add to an actually infinite series, one member at a time
we add to, or subtract from, a finite set without stopping
all of the above
a and b only
6. There are as many even numbers {2, 4, 6...} as there are natural numbers {1, 2, 3...}.
a. True
b. False
7. According to the second law of thermodynamics:
a. processes taking place in a closed system always tend toward a state of
equilibrium
b. objects in motion tend to stay in motion
c. the closer you get to the speed of light, the slower time goes for you relative to
slower moving objects
d. the universe is a steady, unchanging state
e. light from distant galaxies is slowing down relative to us
8. Craig thinks the following scientific observation/finding shows the universe had a
beginning:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the universe is expanding
the universe is contracting
quantum mechanics requires that the universe have a caused beginning
the universe is a stationary, unchanging object
something cannot come from nothing
9. Craig begins his article, "The Kalam Cosmological Argument", with a question from Leibniz.
Leibniz's question was:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?
How much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?
Why is there something rather than nothing?
Why is the universe expanding?
Why would God make the world?
10. Suppose that Earth and Jupiter have been orbitting the sun from eternity. Also assume
that Earth orbits the sun every year, while Jupiter orbits the sun every three years. Given
these assumptions:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Earth will have completed three times as many orbits as Jupiter
Jupiter will have completed three times as many orbits as the Earth
the Earth and Jupiter will have orbitted the sun an equal number of times
each of the Earth and Jupiter will have orbitted the sun a potentially infinite
number of times
e. none of the above
Unit 5 Quiz
1. According to Swinburne, God has the following good reason to choose to make an orderly
world: a world containing human persons is a good thing.
a. True
b. False
2. Richard Swinburne asserts his arguments prove it is certain that God exists.
a. True
b. False
3. Abiogenesis refers to:
a. the field of science devoted to showing that life popped into existence out of
nothing
b. the field of science devoted to showing that species do not evolve from earlier
species
c. the view that life is eternal, and has no beginning
d. the emergence of life from non-living components via completely naturalistic
mechanisms
e. the view that life began at the Big Bang
4. According to theism, the hypothesis of theism to explain worldly order is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the most fertile hypothesis
the hypothesis which is easiest to test
the simplest hypothesis
the hypothesis which yields the most predictions
the most elaborate hypothesis
5. In his most famous analogy for design, William Paley analogized a(n)____________ to
a(n)__________________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
watch, eye
chariot, soul
watch, clock
computer, human brain
eye, heart
6. The following argument is an instance of modus ponens.
a. If Binky is a bunny, then pigs can fly. Pigs can fly. Therefore, Binky is a Bunny.
b. If Binky is a bunny, then pigs can fly. Binky is a Bunny. Therefore, pigs can fly.
c. If Binky is a bunny, then pigs can fly. Binky is not a bunny. Therefore, pigs cannot
fly.
d. If Binky is a bunny, then pigs can fly. Binky is a bunny. Therefore, pigs cannot fly.
e. If Binky is a bunny, then pigs can fly. Pigs cannot fly. Therefore, Binky is not a
bunny.
7. Swinburne enthusiastically agrees that there are multiple universes, each with their own
different sets of natural laws.
a. True
b. False
8. According to Swinburne, the Darwinian explanation of the existence of complex organisms
is entirely false.
a. True
b. False
9. Newton's laws are the most fundamental laws of nature, and are totally accurate for all
phenomena.
a. True
b. False
10. Not all Christians disagree with evolutionary theory.
a. True
b. False
11. Teleological arguments conclude that God exists on the basis of the fact that the
something exists rather than nothing.
a. True
b. False