Download Topic: Economic Systems, Part 2

APES: Chapter 1
Topic: Environmental Problems
EQ: Distinguish between the terms Ecology
and Environmental Science.
Ecology is the science that studies the
relationships between living organisms and
their environment.
Environmental Science on the other hand
uses both the natural sciences (biology,
geology, chemistry) and the social sciences
(economics and politics) to understand how
the earth works, how are humans impacting
the earth and its systems, and how do we
deal with environmental problems.
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To an economist capital is wealth used to
sustain a business and to generate more
wealth. In natural systems energy from the
sun is called solar capital and things like
air, soil, water, minerals, etc are known as
natural capital.
An environmentally sustainable society
satisfies the basic needs (food, clean water
and air, shelter, etc.) of its people without
depleting the planet’s resource base.
Reading Activity: Summarize the position
made by 1,680 scientists on November 18,
1992 (see page 13):
Summarize the basic position of each of the
following (see page 14):
Technological optimists:
Environmental pessimists:
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1-2 Population and Economic Growth
Economic growth is an increase in the
capacity to provide goods and services.
Economic growth is accomplished through
population growth.
One way to measure population growth is to
calculate the doubling time, the amount of
time it takes a population to double in size.
A quick way to calculate doubling time is to
use the rule of 70.
________70________
percentage growth rate
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Calculate the doubling time if the rate of
growth is:
a. 5% _____
b. 10% _____
c. 1.28% _____
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHgnTDaKwCk
review video of doubling time
The amount of time it takes a resource to
double can be done the same way. Of
course, for the resource to double in size
neither the original amount (principle) or the
additional (interest) can be used. If you
protect your capital/principle (live only off
the interest) a resource can last forever
(sustainability).
Example: You invest 20,000 in a stock that
averages 7% interest until you retire. How
much money will you have at the age of 65?
_____
Lab: Doubling Time: calculations lab
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There are several common measures of
economic growth:
Gross National Income (GNI or the old term
GNP): measures the market value of goods
and services and the income of a country’s
citizens within and outside the country’s
borders.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyWr9l6DWm0
Gross Domestic Product: market value of
goods and services within a country’s
borders.
If the words per capita are used then values
are divided by the country’s population to get
a value per person.
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HW #1: Chapter 1: Review Questions (page 18) #’s: 2, 4, 8 (list 4 for
each),
APES: Chapter 1
Topic: Economic Systems, Part 2
EQ: Compare the economic development of
Developed and developing Countries. Predict
how globalization will impact global economic
development.
Economic development refers to the
improvement in the living standard due to
economic growth. Countries are classified by
the United Nations based upon their
economic development and industrialization.
Page 5-6: Define each of the following. Give
at least three examples of each.
Developed countries:
Examples:
Developing countries:
Examples:
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DF5M3f2Iz8
Globalization refers to the process of global,
social, economic and environmental change
that leads to an increasingly integrated
world. Use your textbook (page 7-8) to give
an example of globalization from each of the
following areas:
Economic:
Information and Communication:
Environmental effects:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGULEb
3rYeg
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Your ecological footprint measures the
amount of land needed to produce the
resources you need.
People living in developed countries (United
States, Germany, Japan) have much larger
ecological footprints than people in less
developed countries (Vietnam, Chile).
Ecological Footprint-
APES: Chapter 1
Topic: Resources
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O2A2x1Wyhk
A resource is anything obtained from the
environment to meet our needs or wants.
They are typically classified in the following
manner:
1. perpetual: on a human time scale it will
never be depleted.
Examples:
2. renewable: can be replenished rapidly
through natural processes.
Examples:
Environmental degradation occurs when
we use a renewable resource faster than it is
replenished.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6egyV03PvU
3. nonrenewable resource: exist in a fixed
amount.
Examples:
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Recycling or reusing nonrenewable
resources can extend the amount of time
these resources are available.
Carrying Capacity: the size of a population that
can be maintained in a sustainable manner.
Hippocampus: http://www.hippocampus.org/Earth%20Science?uak=ipw Carrying Capacity: Carrying Capacity
HW #2: Chapter 1: Review Questions (page 18-19): 10, 15, 16, 18, 23 (List
only 4).
1-5 Environmental Problems: Causes and
Connections
The first step in dealing with
environmental problems is to identify their
root causes. Environmentalists have
identified five root causes:
1. rapid population growth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b98JmQ0Cc3k
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http://www.census.gov/popclock/
2. unsustainable resource use
3. poverty
2012 Poverty Guidelines for the
48 Contiguous States and the District of Columbia
Persons in
family/household
Poverty guideline
1
$11,170
2
15,130
3
19,090
4
23,050
5
27,010
6
30,970
7
34,930
8
38,890
For families/households with more than 8 persons,
add $3,960 for each additional person.
4. not considering the environmental cost
of goods and services
5. ignorance about how nature works
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqaDf2fuUH8
Major environmental problems include:
1. biodiversity depletion
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2. food supply problems
3. waste production
4. water pollution
5. air pollution
The three factor model (pg. 13) attempts to
examine the environmental impact of
developed and developing countries based
upon three factors:
1. population size
2. per capita consumption levels
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3. technological impact
Compare and Contrast the environmental
impact of developed and developing countries
using these three factors.
Reading Activity: Effects of Poverty: page 8
Many analysts suggest we need to change
from an emphasis on economic development
fueled by economic growth to one that
emphasizes sustainable development by
using economic rewards and penalties.
Love Canal
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iSFgZSlaU
Superfund
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9TcQCDEC8k
1973 ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTcenE5sG3Q
http://www.ncwildlife.org/Hunting/SeasonsLimits.aspx
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