Download Berkin, Making America Chapter 26

Chapter
Twenty-Six
Truman and Cold War
America, 1945-1952
Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
A dramatic warning that the Russians
had hostile designs on the West was
given in 1946 by
1. Winston Churchill in his “iron curtain” speech.
2. Harry Truman in announcing the Truman Doctrine.
3. Whittaker Chambers in his accusations against
Alger Hiss.
4. Senator Joseph McCarthy in his speech in
Wheeling, West Virginia.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
A dramatic warning that the Russians
had hostile designs on the West was
given in 1946 by
1. Winston Churchill in his “iron curtain” speech.
Hint: The power of the iron-curtain metaphor made a
profound impression. See page 833.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Unlike U.S. foreign policy after World
War I, the United States after World
War II
1. joined the new postwar international organization.
2. attempted to retreat into isolationism.
3. insisted on being awarded new overseas
colonies.
4. re-enacted the former neutrality laws.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Unlike U.S. foreign policy after World
War I, the United States after World
War II
1. joined the new postwar international organization.
Hint: The United States was a founding member of
the United Nations after World War II. See pages
831–832.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Through the foreign policy known as
containment, the United States
intended to
1. coordinate development of the world’s oil
resources.
2. prevent the Soviets from seizing Manchuria from
China.
3. confront all attempts by the Soviet Union to
expand its power.
4. contain the development of atomic-bomb
capabilities by other nations.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Through the foreign policy known as
containment, the United States
intended to
3. confront all attempts by the Soviet Union to
expand its power.
Hint: The idea was to contain the Soviets by
confronting them any time they tried to expand
their power and influence. See pages 832–833.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
The Truman Doctrine arose in direct
response to
1. the Soviet-engineered coup in Czechoslovakia.
2. the communist seizure of China.
3. possible Soviet designs on Iran.
4. the possibility that Greece would fall to communist
insurgents.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
The Truman Doctrine arose in direct
response to
4. the possibility that Greece would fall to communist
insurgents.
Hint: In addition to the strong possibility of a
communist victory in Greece, the Soviet Union
wanted Turkey to share control over the strategic
Dardanelles. See pages 834–835.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
In June 1947, Secretary of State
George C. Marshall announced his
plan to
1. liberate Poland from Soviet control.
2. strengthen the American nuclear arsenal.
3. provide funds for the economic reconstruction of
Europe.
4. confront the Soviets’ military in Berlin.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
In June 1947, Secretary of State
George C. Marshall announced his
plan to
3. provide funds for the economic reconstruction of
Europe.
Hint: The Marshall Plan’s purpose was to restore
prosperity, thereby reducing the appeal of the
Communist and Socialist Parties in Europe. See
page 835.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Because of the impending creation of
a unified West Germany, the Soviet
Union
1. offered to withdraw its troops from most of
Eastern Europe.
2. withdrew from the United Nations for a period of
two years.
3. blockaded the city of Berlin.
4. threatened to use atomic bombs against England
and France.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Because of the impending creation of
a unified West Germany, the Soviet
Union
3. blockaded the city of Berlin.
Hint: The Soviets isolated Berlin by prohibiting all
overland travel to it. See pages 836–837.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
A critic of Truman’s Cold War policies
in 1950 could cite all of the following
as “losses” to the communists
EXCEPT
1. China.
2. Czechoslovakia.
3. Poland.
4. Turkey.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
A critic of Truman’s Cold War policies
in 1950 could cite all of the following
as “losses” to the communists
EXCEPT
4. Turkey.
Hint: With support provided by the United States,
Turkey successfully withstood Soviet pressure.
See pages 834–835.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Close to defeat, North Korea
successfully counterattacked against
the forces of the United Nations
1. when reassured that Russia would use the atomic
bomb to prevent a North Korean defeat.
2. when China suddenly entered the war.
3. because the United States, thinking the war was
almost over, had withdrawn most of its troops
from Korea.
4. after President Truman fired General MacArthur.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Close to defeat, North Korea
successfully counterattacked against
the forces of the United Nations
2. when China suddenly entered the war.
Hint: A massive Chinese attack against United
Nations forces in North Korea turned the tide in
favor of North Korea. See page 840.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
A development after World War II
that may have helped to prevent a
resumption of the Great Depression
was
1. slow and restrained demobilization of the armed
forces.
2. the revival of New Deal employment and relief
programs.
3. a great home-building boom to make up for
scarce housing.
4. a large tax increase that slowed down inflation.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
A development after World War II
that may have helped to prevent a
resumption of the Great Depression
was
3. a great home-building boom to make up for
scarce housing.
Hint: To meet a great housing shortage, a building
boom mushroomed. See pages 840–850.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Pollsters regarded President Truman
as vulnerable in the presidential
election of 1948 for all the following
reasons EXCEPT
1. His party was split into several factions.
2. He had lost the support of black voters.
3. His civil rights policy was unpopular in the South.
4. He was too liberal.
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Berkin, Making America
Chapter 26
Pollsters regarded President Truman
as vulnerable in the presidential
election of 1948 for all the following
reasons EXCEPT
2. He had lost the support of black voters.
Hint: Because this statement is not true, it is the
correct choice. African Americans supported the
Democratic Party, which had adopted a civil rights
plank. Truman had also ordered the military to
integrate. See pages 844–845.
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