Download 3 Five Themes Geog 2016

AIM: WHY DO THE FIVE
THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
HAVE AN IMPACT ON HUMAN
GEOGRAPHY?
Five Themes of Geography
AIM: WHY ARE ABSOLUTE
AND RELATIVE LOCATIONS
USED DIFFERENTLY IN
GEOGRAPHY?
Mini Unit
Aim
Five Themes of Geography
WHAT ARE THE FIVE THEMES?
 Tools
geographers use to study
features on earth.
Location
Place
Region
Human
Environment Interaction
Movement
AKA
MR. HELP
 Movement
(Spatial Interaction)
 Region
 Human
Environment interaction
 Location
 Place
 Logically
the order would be LPRH(EI)M
1. LOCATION


Describes where places are on Earth.
Types of Location:
 ABSOLUTE: exact location on earth (fixed)
 Doesn’t
change
 Latitude/Longitude
 Hemispheres
 Grid System
 Address
 RELATIVE: compared to other places (variable)
 Changes dependent upon where you’re
comparing it to.
 Miles
 Distance
 Direction
ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Examples:
Rome
is located at 41 N, 12 E
Argentina is located in the
southern hemisphere.
THHS is located at 149-11
Melbourne Ave.
What is this?
Why? How do
you know?
RELATIVE LOCATION
 Examples:
Provide examples three examples of relative location.
What are the
potential problems?
Why?
RELATIVE LOCATION
 Examples:
Rome
is located near the
Mediterranean Sea.
Argentina is near Brazil.
Ecuador is south of Mexico.
New York is located in the North East
Problems ?
KIESZA: HIDEAWAY EXPERIMENT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vnoz5uBEWOA
Where exactly was the video filmed? What
would be the advantages and disadvantages
of possessing and absolute or relative location
for the video. How would you best describe the
location of where the video was filmed so that
tourists might locate the streets filmed.
SITE
Lousy
Site
VS.
SITUATION
Great
Situation
Hurricane Katrina / New Orleans
Clips
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHX_uVwFtiM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2FFVOELUIrs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRXcpBIteEM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MH2eRRh4Bls
AIM: TO DIFFERENTIATE
BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL
AND CULTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF A
PLACE.
Five Themes of Geography
2. PLACE

A place is defined by it’s
unique characteristics.
Physical
characteristics
Cultural characteristics
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Specific to THAT place, not generic.


Created by nature.





The way a place looks.
Mountains
Rivers, Lakes, Seas
Climate
Vegetation
Examples:




Andes Mountains are in South America.
Amazon River flows through Brazil.
Pampas are located in Argentina.
The Panamanian Isthmus connects Central & South
America.
CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

Specific to THAT place, not generic.


“Man-made”; created or caused by humans.





Peoples activities change the way a place looks or is
represented.
Language
Unique buildings
Religious Practices
Celebrations/traditions/holidays
Examples:




Portuguese is the official language of Brazil.
Many Mexicans are Catholic.
Mayan ruins are located in Mexico.
Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday in Mexico.
CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS EXERCISE
“Name that Place!”
 Think of a place. State, act out some cultural
characteristics that you think are associated
with the particular place in mind. No negative
stereotypes please!!!
 Certain styles of music.

AIM: TO DEVELOP AN
UNDERSTANDING OF THE
THREE MAJOR REGIONS OF
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY?
Five Themes of Geography
3. REGION
 The
world is divided into different regions
based upon similarities & differences.
 Climate
 Location
 Beliefs
 Languages
 Ethnicity
 Race
 Types:
 Formal
 Functional
 Perceptual
(Vernacular Region)
FORMAL REGION
Most common/familiar.
 Determined by the distribution of a uniform
characteristic (physical or cultural) i.e.:
homogenous characteristic

 Location
 Climate
 Religion

Examples
 Central
America (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama)
 Latin America
FORMAL REGION
E.G.: LINGUISTIC REGION
FORMAL REGION
CULTURAL REGION
POLITICAL REGION
Cultural,
Linguistic,
and Political
Region
Linguistic
and Cultural
(Religious)
Regions
FORMAL REGION
ENVIRONMENTAL REGION
Bioregion
(biome)
Ecotone
E.g.: The
Sahel
Bioregion
(biome)
Ecotone = transitionary region between two biomes. Note Human
Geography words.
CORE (HEARTLAND), CORE PERIPHERY AND
BORDER ZONES
FUNCTIONAL REGION

Serves a purpose that affects places around it.
 Distributes
goods/people
 Serves specific purpose

Examples:
 Panama
Canal
 Hollywood
 Havana, Cuba
 Any market town and even a mall.
The area a mall serves / influences is NOT formal.
However, it’s influence does exist… hence functional.
What mall
do you
associate
with? Or
are you…
What mall?
NODE (NODAL POINT)
Nodal points can be part of multiple
regions. However, they apply best to
functional regions.
DISTANCE DECAY
Applicable to many aspects of Human
Geography.
WITHIN A FUNCTIONAL REGION
CORE PERIPHERY AND BORDER ZONES
PERCEPTUAL REGION (VERNACULAR REGION)
 Groups
of areas that provoke a
certain stereotype or feeling.
 Examples:
Da
The Ghetto was a
formal region whereas
the ghetto is a
perceptual region. How
so?
What’s the
difference
between
vernacular
and
linguistic?
Bronx
The “ghetto” as opposed to the Ghetto*
China Town
BTW, any idea as to
why perceptual
The Midwest
regions are frequently
referred to as
“The Valley”
as opposed to The Bronx
see
next
slide
vernacular regions?
What and where is this?
EXERCISE
 Where
is the Midwest?
 Identify the Perceptual Region by naming
states that you think are part of the
Midwest.
 How do you complete the process of
identifying the Midwest?
MENTAL MAPS
Mental maps invariably map
Perceptual Regions… Get it? Thinking.
What type of
Region is the
“Corn Belt”?
AIM: TWE DOES HUMAN
ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION HAVE AN
IMPACT ON THE WORLD?
4. HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
 The
environment & people are
interconnected.
 Consequences to those actions depend
upon how people choose to interact with
the world and use their resources.
 Positive/Negative
 Intentional/Accidental
 Favorable/Destructive
HEI
 Current
Environmental Issues:
Climate
Change (global warming)
Energy Resources
Water Conservation
Deforestation
AIM: TWE DOES MOVEMENT HAVE AN
IMPACT ON THE WORLD?
5. MOVEMENT

Places do not exist in isolation.
 Interconnectedness
places “look.”
 Today:
 People,

of the world changes the way
“globalization”
goods & ideas move from place to place.
Examples:
 Immigration
from anywhere E.g.: Latin America to
USA.
 War in Iraq and Syria (troops, supplies, ideas,
people)
 Internet E.g.: Facebook (ideas), Twitter, Youtube
 Rapid Transportation
Sat in my living room in New Rochelle,
NY, USA and watched Springboks vs. All
Blacks in South Africa on a Japanese
television station in Japanese and
English using a service provided by a
company located in Luxembourg, Europe.
PTO
BTW,
what type
of map?
To what extent is “[geographic]
movement” a real or perceived
threat to various cultures and
countries around the world?
Get it?
Get it?
“…The fundamental source of conflict in
this new world will not be primarily
ideological or primarily economic. The
great divisions among humankind and the
dominating source of conflict will be
cultural. Nation states will remain the most
powerful actors in world affairs, but the
principal conflicts of global politics will
occur between nations and groups of
different civilizations. The clash of
civilizations will dominate global politics.”
(Huntington, 1993)
Harvard University
Professor Samuel
Huntington
“Jihad vs. McWorld.”
Benjamin
Barber
Aka
“Traditional values” vs. Globalization.
Country A
Democracy
All people have same legal
rights
Freedom of speech
Freedom of religion
18 or older to marry
Polygamy illegal
Same sex marriage legal
Universal healthcare
Alcohol legal
Problem:
All gambling legal
they
Prostitution legal
increasingly
Medical marijuana &
have to
decriminalization
interact.
Country B
COUNTRY B










Happy Valentine’s
Social Mixing
The Movies
Music School
Bacon!
Gyms for Girls
Every Other God
Women At Work
Roaming Women
Women Behind the Wheel
Other / Similar Issues:
Religious Police
Male guardianship
Child Marriage
Rape laws
Alcohol
Religious Conversion
Homosexuality
Democracy
Slavery (1962; UAE, 1963; Oman, 1970)
Fruits and Vegetables
www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/12/09/181654.html
Malala Yousafzai made the ‘Most Influential Teens’
list in 2015… but so did Kendall and Kylie Jenner
HONG KONG 2014….
IRONIC ‘EH?
CULTURE VS. CULTURE

http://www.cnn.com/2016/10/05/asia/australians-arrested-briefsmalaysia/?iid=ob_article_organicsidebar_expansion
FIN
AKA
MR. HELP
 Movement
(Spatial Interaction)
 Region (Formal, Functional, & Perceptual)
 Human
Environment interaction
 Location (Absolute & Relative)
 Place (Site & Situation)
 Logically
the order would be LPRH(EI)M
FIN