Download aquatic insects

AQUATIC INSECTS
I. Phylum Arthropoda
A. Major characteristics
1. Jointed appendages and…
2. An exoskeleton of chitin
3. Segmented body
II. Classes of Arthropods
B. Class Diplopoda
A. Class Arachnida
D. Class Crustacea
C. Class Chilopoda
E. Class Insecta
III. Characteristics of class Insecta
Only class with wings
One pair of
antenna
abdomen thorax head
IV. Classification (use the common mosquito as an example)
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
Order Diptera
Family Culicidae
Genus Culex
Species pipiens
Scientific name:
Culex pipiens
V.
Examples of
AQUATIC INSECTS
A. The Seven Orders
1. Ephemeroptera
mayfly nymph (naiad)
2. Odonata
DAMSELFLY
3. Plecoptera
stonefly nymph
4. Hemiptera
water boatman
back swimmer
water strider
GIANT
WATER
BUG
WATER SCORPION
5. Coleoptera
Diving beetle larva
whirligig
beetle
Water penny
6. Trichoptera
caddisfly larva
7. Diptera
mosquito
red-tailed maggot.
Black flies (Simulium flies)
Here’s a couple of others for
those who just can’t get enough
of insect orders
(yes, they’re optional)
8. Megaloptera
DOBSONFLY LARVA
9. Lepidoptera
AQUATIC MOTH
Stop here for today
VI. Metamorphosis
A. Incomplete metamorphosis
B. Complete metamorphosis
Mystery
picture
Mystery
picture 2
VII. Modifications for
Aquatic Life
I. Air Breathing
(Aeropneustic)
A. Regular insect-style
breathing with spiracles
on the abdomen
For insects that never submerge
B. Siphon
a snorkel / breathing tube
II. Air Trapping
A. Abdominal air bubble
B. Plastron:
tiny hairs on insect’s surface
that trap air
C. Diving bell
III. Water breathing
(Hydropneustic)
A. Using gills
1. Three gills at tip of abdomen
damselfly
nymph
2. Single gills found under the legs
stonefly nymph
3.
a. Seven pair of abdominal gills
Mayfly nymphs
4. Gills inside the abdomen
dragonfly nymph
(extra) Lateral filaments on the abdomen of larvae
Whirligig beetle larva
B. Bright red hemoglobin, allows
diffusion
Midge larva
B. Movement
Mystery picture 2
1. Skaters: surface tension, oil secretion, hairs
water strider
2. Clingers: flat bodies with little resistance,
suckers or claws;
water
pennies
3. Climbers: long legs holding plant stalks;
dragonfly & damselfly nymphs
4. Crawlers: on solid surfaces, find
crevices; stonefly & mayfly nymphs
5. . Burrowers: dig into
substrate; midge larvae
6. Swimmers: wiggle entire body
fishlike; mayflies, mosquitoes
7. Rowers:
use oar-like modified legs
Also water boatman
C. Particular modifications
1.
Ripple
effect
2.
FOUR
EYES!
3. Oars
bristles on legs
4. Flattened body
Are there any MARINE
INSECTS?
What do these numbers mean?
At LEAST 3 million
Estimated number of insect species
± 850,000,000
Described insect species
30,000
5
Known aquatic species
Insects that live on the open
ocean (oceanic species)
Why are there so few insects
living in the ocean?
Is it because of the salty water?
No. There are
aquatic insects that
have adapted to
salty environments
(like these salt marsh
mosquitoes.)
Alkaline flies of Mono Lake
(also called brine flies)
Intertidal rove beetle; wait in burrows till tide’s out
Seaweed
flies;
maggots
eat rotting
seaweed
But
why do
so few
live out
in the
ocean
?
2 reasons:
1. Crustaceans got there first
http://www.livescience.com/48663-insect-family-tree-evolution.html
2. They make good fish
food:
But crustaceans survive
So why don’t insects just dive
deeper?
The insect’s respiratory system is
different from that of crustaceans
Insects can’t go
deep,
crustaceans can