Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Revolutionary War People, Places and Terms
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
REVOLUTIONARY WAR PEOPLE, PLACES AND TERMS WHO’S FIGHTING WHO Redcoats (Whigs) Patriots vs. British (Rebels) and and French (after 1777) Regulars Lobsterbacks Hessians Loyalists (Tories) and Various Native Americans groups including the Cherokee THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE Who declared independence? The United States of America From whom was independence declared? Great Britain Who wrote it? Thomas Jefferson When was it written? July 1776 THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE COMMON SENSE What was it? A pamphlet made to convince Americans that they should fight for their independence from Great Britain. Who wrote it? Thomas Paine When was it written? January 10th, 1776 JOHN ADAMS Founding Father Member of the Continental Congress Lawyer in Boston, successfully defended the British soldiers of the Boston Massacre GEORGE WASHINGTON Member of the Continental Congress Commander and chief of the United States Army 1st President of the United States of America DRAGGING CANOE Cherokee leader who led attacks against frontier settlements in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. He died in 1792 PAUL REVERE Silversmith by trade The most popular of the 3 midnight riders from Boston to Lexington and Concord Propagandist GENERAL NATHANAEL GREENE The Commander of the Southern Continental Army after the defeat at Camden, S.C. American General at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in N.C. SAMUEL ADAMS Founding Father Member of the Continental Congress Brewer Propagandist GENERAL CHARLES CORNWALLIS The Commander of the Southern British Army, winner of the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, surrendered at the Battle of Yorktown. MARY HAYS MCCAULEY Famous for taking part in the Battle of Monmouth for her fallen husband She was nicknamed “Molly Pitcher.” The term has come to represent any woman who took part in bringing water to the cannons used in the Revolutionary War. GENERAL GRIFFITH RUTHERFORD North Carolina Militia General from China Grove who led attacks destroying 36 Cherokee villages. Took part in the Battle of Ramseur’s Mill and in the Battle of Camden BENEDICT ARNOLD American traitor by trying to give the British the American Fortress at West Point American Hero of the Battle of Saratoga Wounded twice fighting for American Independence WEST POINT Fortress Built in 1778 to guard the Hudson River and prevent the British from sailing into Northern New York JOHN CHAVIS North Carolina’s most famous AfricanAmerican soldier in the Revolutionary War. Teacher and Preacher in Raleigh after the American Revolutionary War. At least 5,000 African-American soldiers fought on the Patriot side in the American Revolution RICHARD CASWELL North Carolina’s first governor North Carolina’s Representative to the Continental Congress Major General in the North Carolina militia, served in the Battles of Moore’s Creek Bridge and Camden HESSIANS German soldiers, approximately 30,000, hired by the British Empire to fight in the American Revolution. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Founding Father Member of the Continental Congress Diplomat to France Convinced France to join the war on the Patriot side THE HALIFAX RESOLVES A document passed by the 4th North Carolina Provincial Congress that was presented to the Continental Congress. It urged all of the colonies to declare independence from Great Britain. When did it happen? April 12, 1776 BRITISH PRISON SHIPS During the Revolutionary War, the British used prison ships to house the Patriot prisoners of war. The abysmal conditions and intentional neglect and abuse by the British resulted in over 10,000 patriot prisoner deaths from disease and starvation by the war's end. This was more patriot deaths than every single American battle casualty of the war, combined. THE SHOT HEARD ‘ROUND THE WORLD April 19, 1775 The “Shot heard ‘round the world” refers to the first shot of the Battle of Lexington that happened on Lexington Green (or the town center). It is unknown who fired the first shot but it was the shot that started the war. On April 19, 1775 the first battles of the war happened, the Battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts. Schoolhouse Rock- Shot heard round the world THE BATTLE OF MOORE’S CREEK BRIDGE Loyalists, mainly Highland Scots from Fayetteville, were traveling to Wilmington to join other British forces. On February 27, 1776, N.C. Patriots ambushed N.C. Loyalists at the Battle of Moore’s Creek Bridge, 900 Loyalist troops were either captured or killed. The Loyalists movement in North Carolina was crippled. There would be no significant battles in the Southern Colonies for the next 4 years. THE BATTLE OF MOORE’S CREEK BRIDGE THE BATTLE OF TRENTON December 25, 1776 The most famous battle and image of the war was General Washington crossing the Delaware River on Christmas night to launch a successful surprise attack on Trenton, New Jersey. Winning this battle kept the American Revolution alive because it boosted morale and gave Americans renewed hope after losing 4 straight battles and getting chased out New York. Battle of Trenton Video THE BATTLE OF SARATOGA September 19 to October 17, 1777 Considered the biggest turning point of the war. After this Patriot victory in Northern New York, France entered the war on the Patriot side. The British were defeated by the Patriots in 2 battles at Saratoga in New York. British General Burgoyne surrendered his army of almost 7,000 to the American Continental Army. This victory convinced other European nations that the American Colonies could win. WINTER QUARTERS 18th century warfare, once the winter came, armies normally went into winter quarters and then resumed fighting the next spring. Morristown, NJ and Valley Forge, PA were both used as winter quarters for the Continental Army. VALLEY FORGE During the winter of 1777-1778 the American Continental Army made its winter quarters at Valley Forge. Starvation and disease decimated the army and over 2,000 soldiers died that winter. Valley Forge is historically significant because of the extreme hardships that the Patriot Army endured and the amount of soldiers that died during that winter. Valley Forge- History.com (3:14) Or Or PARTISANS Independent bands of military men not attached to the regular armies of either side in the American Revolution North Carolina Loyalist Partisan David Fanning North Carolina Patriot Partisans, William Lee Davidson and William R. Davie FRANCIS MARION A Southern Patriot Partisan warrior from South Carolina Nicknamed the Swamp Fox THOMAS SUMTER Southern Patriot partisan warrior from South Carolina Nicknamed the Carolina Gamecock TORY WAR A Civil war between American colonists that supported the United States of America (Patriots or Whigs) and those that supported Great Britain (Loyalists or Tories). Battles such as the Battle of Kings Mountain, Ramsour’s Mill and Pyle’s Massacre were part of the Tory War. TORY WAR “A VERITABLE HORNET’S NEST OF REBELLION” -GENERAL LORD CORNWALLIS General Cornwallis was told that Charlotte was a town loyal to the British, but he found that was not the case on September 26th, 1780, when his army entered and fought the Battle of Charlotte. OVER THE MOUNTAIN MEN People who lived west of the Blue Ridge mountains (Appalachian Mountains) who fought on the side of the Patriots and won the crucial battle of Kings Mountain. over the mountain men video clip THE BATTLE OF KINGS MOUNTAIN December , 1780 Crucial battle on the North Carolina-South Carolina border won by the Patriots. BATTLE OF GUILFORD COURTHOUSE March 15, 1781 The largest Revolutionary War battle in North Carolina History, won by the British but at high cost. British General Cornwallis won the battle by ordering his cannons to be leveled on the middle of the battlefield, intentionally killing both Patriot and British soldiers. BATTLE OF GUILFORD COURTHOUSE March 15, 1781 THE BATTLE OF YORKTOWN October 19, 1781 The final battle of the American Revolution. General Cornwallis is forced to surrender his army. The British, trapped against Chesapeake Bay surrendered 7,000 soldiers to joint Patriot and French forces with the help of the French Navy. The battle, which happened on October 19, 1781 was the last battle of the American Revolution but the peace treaty would not be signed until April of 1783. TREATY OF PARIS On April, 15 1783, The Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the war, the United States achieves independence. There are 2 Treaties of Paris the one that ended the American Revolution in 1783 and the one ended the Seven Years War in 1763.
