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IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ
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Ζάχος Γεώργιος
Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
Περίληψη :
Cimon (510-540 BC) was the Athenian general who expelled the remaining Persians from Greece and Thrace, while he provided the
opportunity for the cities in Asia Minor to regain their autonomy within the Delian League.
Τόπος και Χρόνος Γέννησης
510 BC, Athens
Τόπος και Χρόνος Θανάτου
450 BC, Citium Cyprus
Κύρια Ιδιότητα
Athenian general (strategos)
1. Introduction
«φαύλον, άκομψον, τα μέγιστ’ αγαθόν»1
Cimon was born in Athens in 510 BC. He was of a noble family and of the genos of Philaidon, one of the most prestigious Athenian
gene. His father was Miltiades, the victor of the Marathon battle, and his mother was Hegesipyle, daughter of the Thracian king
Olorus. He belonged to the demos of Laciadae2 and the Oineis phyle. His siblings were Elpinice and Metiochus.3
2. Personality and private life
His father died in prison because he failed to pay the 50-talent fine he owed to the city and as a result Cimon grew up without paternal
supervision. It is reported that he had been an undisciplined young man, fond of drinking like his grandfather Cimon. As he had not
received the proper Athenian education, his character resembled more of a native of Peloponnesus, as described by the
aforementioned verse ‘rude, unrefined, for great things well endued’. Nevertheless, a different source reports that he could sing and
play the lyre.4 Ancient literary sources inform us about his love for women5 and the incestuous relations with his step-sister Elpinice.6
Cimon took advantage of his sister’s marriage with the wealthy Athenian Callias of the genos Kerykes (just after 480 BC) to
overcome his financial problems after his father’s death. It was said that Callias had actually paid Miltiades’ sum.7
Cimon married Isodice,8 Euryptolemus’ daughter and Megacle’s granddaughter, of the genos of Alcmaeonid, bringing an end to the
old rivalry between the Philaidai and the Alcmaeonid over the political control of Athens. He had three sons, Lacedaemonius, Oulios
and Thessalus.9 The historian Thucydides was his relative and he was buried in Cimon’s family tomb.10
3. Political and military action
Cimon took part in the sea battle of Salamis (480 BC) and he distinguished himself. It is alleged that when Themistocles asked the
Athenians to abandon the city and board the ships, on the eve of the battle, Cimon offered his bridle to Athena, took one of the
shields-votives to the goddess and after he had prayed, he headed to the port, exhorting his fellow-citizens to flee from the city and
fight at sea.11 Even if this tradition was posterior, it seems probable that Cimon had followed in the beginning of his political career the
policy of Themistocles, who in return supported him. Likewise, Aristides supported Cimon as he detected in his character those
features that could prevent Themistocles' plans. Moreover, Cimon ensured the support of two of the most influential gene of Athens
with his sister’s and his own marriage.
In 480/479 BC Cimon was a member of the Athenian envoy sent to Sparta,12 while he assisted Aristides in forming the Delian
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Ζάχος Γεώργιος
Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
Leaque (478/7 BC).13 Since then he has been elected, probably continuously, as a strategos until 462/1 BC. He supported oligarchy
and this led him to a confrontation with Pericles and Ephialtes, the leaders of the democratics. Having the command of the fleet of the
league, he undertook military operations in Macedonia and liberated Eion on the Strymon from the Persian troops (477/6 BC).
However, he failed to conquer Doriscos, another Thracian town under Persian control.14 The following year he expelled the Dolopian
pirates from Scyros, where he installed a cleruchy and brought the bones of Theseus back to Athens.15 Under the leadership of
Cimon, the Athenians obliged Carystus to join the Delian League and Naxos to return to it (475-469 BC).16
Cimon eventually became so powerful that he came into conflict with Themistocles, who got ostracized in 472/1 BC.17 The following
year he drove the Spartan king Pausanias out of Byzantium and he recaptured Sestus and Cherronesus,18 which had been occupied
by the Persians.19 Then he campaigned with the entire fleet (200 ships), reinforced with another 100 Ionian ships, to Caria and Lycia,
liberating the Greek cities, which he included in the Delian League.20 Cimon then crashed the Persians in the Battle of the Eurymedon
River in Pamphylia (470-462 BC) and won a sea battle off Cyprus.21 This is the period when the Persian king was forced to agree on
a peace treaty with the Greeks for the first time. These victories established the independence and reinforced the tendency for
autonomy of the Greek cities in Asia Minor and Cherronesus, already evident since the Sea Battle of Mycale and Pausanias’
expeditions. Cimon is at the zenith of his glory.
In 465 BC the Athenians decided to send 10,000 settlers to Ennea Odoi,22 on the Strymon River, in order to control not only the
area, but also the E-W and N-S roads. When the Thasians realised that their interests were threatened by an eminent colony in their
hinterland (the Thasian Epirus, as they called it) with the gold and silver mines in the region of Mt. Pangaeus, they revolted from the
Delian League. Cimon undertook the task of bringing them back. The Athenians defeated the Thasian fleet, capturing 33 ships, and
laid siege to the city of Thasos. The colonists then tried to settle in the region of the mines but they were slaughtered by the Thracian
tribes in Drabiscus, near modern Drama. Finally, the Thasians were forced to capitulate on extremely negative terms in 463 BC, as
the Spartans failed to make a diversionary attack to Athens due to a destructive earthquake and the revolt of helots.23 The massacre
of the settlers had annoyed the Athenians, thus Pericles took advantage of the discontent and accused Cimon of not invading
Macedon because he had been accepting bribes from Alexander I of Macedon. Cimon was in the end acquitted.24
Cimon, as a commander of the Athenian army, headed to Sparta in order to help the Spartans against the revolted helots and the
Messenians at Ithome in Messenia (462 BC),25 but the Spartans asked the Athenians to return to their city, suspecting them of
revolutionary tendencies. This humiliating for the Athenians turn of events, resulted to Cimon’s ostracism in the following year, who
went to Cherronesus.26 Cimon was eager to assist his fellow-citizens against the Spartans in Boeotian Tanagra in 457 BC, but his
offer was declined due to his pro-Spartan feelings. He returned from exile in 451 BC and negotiated a five-year truce with Sparta.27
He commanded the campaign against the Persians, sent 60 ships to Egypt and sailed to Cyprus with the remaining ships, where he
occupied Marion,28 but he died during the siege of Citium in Autumn 450 BC, as a result of either a wound or illness. According to
tradition, his death was kept secret, so the troops, believing that Cimon was still in command, defeated the Persians at land and sea
near Salamis in Cyprus. He was buried in Attica and until Plutarch’s time his grave was known as the ‘Cimoneia Mnemata’.29
4. He ‘embellished’ Athens
Cimon provided the funds from the spoils of his military operations to build the south wall of the Athenian Acropolis, 30 while he spent
lavishly his personal fortune in order to pay for the transport of rubble and stone to secure the foundation of the Long Walls, which
connected Athens with Piraeus. He ‘embellished’ Athens, as Plutarch mentions, having the Agora planted with plane-trees and
converting the Academy from a dry area to a well-watered grove with clean streets and shady alleys.31 The Tholos, where the
Prytaneis ate, as well as the works in Clepsydra (a water fountain below Acropolis) are also dated to the same period.
The representations of the Argonauts, the Amazonomachy and the ‘Iliupersis’ in the paintings of the Athenian Micon and the Thasian
Polygnotus in Anakeion (temple of Dioscuri) and the Poekile stoa, built by Peisianax, his brother-in-law, to honour Cimon might be
interpreted as an allegory of Cimon’s campaigns.32 Plutarch also mentions that Polygnotus refused a fee because he had intimate
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Ζάχος Γεώργιος
Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
relations with Elpinice, Cimon’s sister, who is often recognised as Laodice in ‘Iliupersis’. Regardless the accuracy of this information,
it does imply a certain relationship between Cimon and Polygnotus, the Thasian painter, which might have started since the Thasian
expedition.33 The temple at Theseum was also decorated with the works of those painters.34 Finally, at the entrance of the Agora,
close to Peisianactios Stoa, three hermaic stelae with epigrams referring to the battle of Eion were erected.35
5. Evaluation
Cimon was undoubtedly an efficient general. Not only did he eradicate Xerxes’ army in Macedonia and liberated the cities of Asia
Minor, but he also compelled the Persian king to accept his defeat with the Peace of Callias.
He was also responsible for Athens' new interest towards Asia Minor and as a result several Asia Minor cities joined the Delian
Leaque, while many intellectuals from Ionia came to Athens.36 This particular policy, developed in this period, underlay the tradition of
Athens being the metropolis of Ionia. This concept is implicitly expressed with the Ionian name Oulios given to one of his sons. 37 On
the other hand, his actions in the cases of Thasos, Carystus and Naxos prove that Cimon aimed at an Aegean Sea free of Persians
and under Athenian control.
As a politician he was raised due to marriages and alliances, which he abandoned when they were no longer advantageous
(Themistocles).38 When he evolved into one of the major politicians of Athens, he acquired loyal friends (e.g. after the battle of
Tanagra) and sworn enemies (Pericles, Ephialtes). He was quite popular to some of the Athenians, not only for his military
achievements and his works, but also due to his renowned benevolence, hospitality and generosity.39 Other people, however,
detected in those actions, as well as in his unstable character, the tyrannical predisposition of his family.40 This was emphasised by his
predilection for the Lacedaemonians41 and the oligarchic governments of the Peloponnese in general, which was becoming less
acceptable among the Athenians. Pericles and Ephialtes took advantage of this antipathy to expel him from the political life of
Athens.42 Indeed, Pericles’ circle, as well as Stesimbrotus,43 who had every reason as a Thasian, were partially responsible for the
gloomy picture of Cimon’s private life, although this doesn’t imply that it is totally erroneous. The time had come to pay with the same
price Themistocle’s ostracism. Upon his death, the last hope for a peaceful settlement of the differences between the great powers of
Greece, Athens and Sparta, was gone.
1. ‘Rude, unrefined, for great things well endued’, this line cited by Plutarch (Cim. 4.4) from Heracles by Euripides (TGF 473) to describe Cimon,
expresses eloquently the contradictory character of Miltiades’ son.
2. The demos of Laciadae was to the left of the Sacred Way, in the area of modern Gazi.
3. Metiochus, probably Elpinice as well, were Miltiades’ children from his first marriage with one of Hippias’ daughters. The wife of the historian
Thucydides might have been a child of this marriage, since Thucydides was buried in Cimon’s family grave. According to Herodotus (6.41.2),
Metiochus was taken captive by a Phoenician fleet which raided on Cherronesus, where he had settled in the late 6th cent. BC. He was then taken to
Persia, where Darius provided him with land and a Persian spouse.
4. Plu., Cim. 4 (Stesimbrotus the Thasian), 9.1 (Ion the Chian), 15 (Eupolis).
5. The poet Melanthius mentioned Asteria of Salamis and Mnestra in an elegy he wrote for Cimon, PLG II 258 B. It is cited by Plutarch, Plu. Cim. 4.9.
6. Plu. Cim. 4.15 (Eupolis); Nep. Cim. 1.2 ; Aristid. Scholia 3.515.
7. However, Herodotus (6.136.3) claims that the sum was paid by Cimon himself.
8. It seems that his love for Isodice was such, that when she died his grief inspired a poet named Archelaos to write a consolatory elegy.
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Ζάχος Γεώργιος
Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
9. Oulios also occurs as Eleos. Stesimbrotus says that his two eldest sons were born by a woman from Cleitoria of Arcadia, which is not accepted by
Diodorus Atheniensis. Both testimonies are cited by Plutarch (Cim. 4.16). The tradition of Cimon’s six children (Aristid Scholia. 3.515) is considered
inaccurate.
10. Thucydides might have been married to another sister of Cimon.
11. Plu., Cim. 5.1-3.
12. Plu., Arist. 10.
13. Plu., Arist. 23, Cim. 6.
14. Her. 7.107; Thuc. 1.98; D.S. 11.60.2; Polyain. 7.24; Nep., Cim. 2.2; Plu., Cim. 7 ; Aeschin. Scholia 34; Paus. 8.8.9. The Athenians honoured Menon
from Pharsala, who had offered 12 talents and took part as the commander of 200 or 300 hippeis in the siege of Eion (D. 23.199, [D.] 13.23). Due to the
Thessalian aid, Cimon might have named his son Thessalus. In OCD³, p. 331 (Johnston, A.W., Saunders, T.J., Hornblower, S.) it is claimed that the
name was given because he was proxenos of Thessaly, probably caused by misinterpretation of Plutarch, Cim. 14.3.
15. Thuc. 1.98.2; D. S. 11.60.2; Nep., Cim. 2.5; Plu. Thes. 36, Cim. 8; Paus. 1.17.6 and 3.3.7.
16. Thuc. 1.98.3-4; Long periods of time are suggested due to problems in the chronology of the period, CAH² V, p.1-14 (D.M. Lewis); Unz, R.K, ‘The
Chronology of the Pentekontaetia’, CQ n.s. 36 (1986), pp. 68-85; Badian, E., From Platea to Potidea. Studies in the History and Historiography of the
Pentecontaetia (Baltimore-London 1993), pp. 73-107; Pritchett, W.K., Thucydides’ Pentekontaetia and other Essays (Amsterdam 1995), pp. 1-131, 163171.
17. Cimon not only succeeded in having Themostocles ostracized, but he killed Epicrates from Acharnae, who had helped Themistocles’ wife and
children to escape and meet him, when he had fled to the Molossi, Plu. Them. 24.
18. Thuc. 1.130-131.1; Polyaen. 1.34.3; Plu., Cim. 6.9 (Ion the Chian) and 14. The date for the recapture of Cherronesus is dubious, but it seems
plausible to have taken place after Cimon had driven Pausanias out of Byzantium. Athens obtained considerable profit from the ransom paid for the
captives by their relatives from Phrygia and Lydia.
19. Cherronesus was freed for the first time by Pausanias in 478 BC.
20. D.S. 11.60.4.
21. Schreider, J.H., Hellanikos, Thukydides and the Era of Kimon (Aarhus 1997), pp. 50-59, 73, has expressed a different view, dating the sea battle in
Cyprus in 460 BC, when Cimon had been ostracized.
22. Amphipolis was founded there in later times.
23. Thuc. 1.100.2-101.3; D. S. 11.70.1 and 5; Nep., Cim. 2.5; Plu., Cim. 14. The terms were: surrender of the fleet, annual tax, demolition of the walls,
withdrawal from the Thracian coast and ceding the exploitation of the forests (for ship timber) and the mines to Athens.
24. Arist. Ath. 27.1; Plu., Per. 10, Cim. 14.
25. Thuc. 1.102; Ar., Lyc. 1144; Plu., Cim. 16.The narration of Plutarch allows for the assumption of an earlier military help sent by the Athenians to
reinforce the Spartans against the helots. If this is the case, then the inability of the Spartans to respond to the Thasian request for assistance in
attacking Attica is even more justifiable.
26. And. 3.3; Pl., Grg. 516e; Nep., Cim. 3; Plu., Per. 9, Cim. 17; Paus. 1.29.8 and 4.24.6. It has been claimed that the Spartans were alarmed by the
upheaval caused to the Athenian army by the political reform Ephialtes with Archestratus, opponents of Cimon, proposed to the ecclesia during
Cimon’s absence. According to this proposal the power of Aeropagus was diminished and passed to the ecclesia, which was a step towards
democracy. Arist., Ath. 25.
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Ζάχος Γεώργιος
Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
27. Plutarch (Per. 10, Cim. 17) cites that Cimon encouraged his comrades, who have been similarly accused, to fight bravely. They set up his panoply
in the company and fought with self-denial, so 100 men died in battle. Due to this event, Pericles issued a decree immediately after the battle for
Cimon’s return, who then negotiated the peace with the Lacedaemonians in 545 BC (cf. Theopomp. Hist., FGrHist.I 115, F88; Nep., Cim. 3.3). Modern
bibliography, however, do not accept these testimonies as accurate and supports that Cimon returned after he had served his 10-year sentence, when
they signed the 5 year peace.
28. Thuc. 1.104; Plu., Cim. 18.4. The Athenians had sent reinforcement to Inarus, satrap of Egypt, who had revolted against the Great King but he was
defeated (460/59-454 BC). According to Schreider, J.H., Hellanikos, Thukydides and the Era of Kimon (Aarhus 1997), p. 58, the Athenians had not
participated and the mission was Thucydides’ fabrication, who wanted to glorify Cimon, as his relative (Thuc. 1.112). On the contrary Badian, E., From
Platea to Potidaea. Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia (Baltimore-London 1993), p.103 and CAH² V, p. 54 (J. Rhodes)
the upheaval continued in Egypt in 450 BC.
29. Thuc. 1.112.2-4; D.S. 12.3.1-4.6; Nep., Cim. 3.4; Plu., Cim. 18-19. There was also a cenotaph of Cimon at Citium, as Plutarch quotes rhetor
Nausicrates report of the following event: when plague spread to the city, they received an oracle not to neglect the hero’s tomb.
30. Paus. 1.28.3.
31. The aqueduct was discovered during the Agora excavations.
32. Paus. 1.15 and 1.18.1; Παπαχατζής, Ν., Παυσανίου Ελλάδος περιήγησις 5, Αττικά (Athens 1974), passim.
33. Plu., Cim. 4.5-7. The lexicographer Harpocration (entry Polygnotus) reports that he worked free out of gratitude to the Athenians who had named
them Athenian citizen.
34. Paus. 1.17.2-6.
35. Aeschin. 3.183-184; Plu., Cim. 7.3-5.
36. It is not a coincidence that Ion of Chios praises Cimon, cf. Buckley, T., Aspects of Greek History 750-323 BC. A source based approach (LondonNew York 1996) pp.212-213.
37. Oulios Apollo in Miletus, Lindos and Delos (the center of the League). Likewise, Theseus sacrifices to Oulios Apollo and Oulia Artemis prior to
his departure from Athens to Crete, according to the historian Pherecydes. Pherecydes was probably a supporter of Cimon and advocate of that
tradition.
38. It is also possible that Cimon retaliated Themistocles for his father’s convinction in 489 BC.
39. It is cited that he had all the fences removed from his orchards, so that his fellow citizens and visitors would be able to take fruits, he offered daily
dinner to the poor of his demos and his companions gave garments and money to those in need (Theopomp. Hist., FGrHist.I 115, F88; Nep., Cim. 4;
Plu., Cim. 9-10 (Critias).
40. Cf. Arst. Ath. 27.3; For the relation of his family with the tyrants see Davies, J.K., Athenian Propertied Families, 600-300 BC (Oxford 1971) pp.299302. In Ιστορία του Ελληνικού Έθνους Γ: Κλασσικός Ελληνισμός, 1 (Athens 1972), p.53 (A. Kalogeropoulou), the replacement of the complex of the
Tyrannicides, which the Persians had taken from Athens, with a new work by Critias and Nesiotis, as well as the issuing of a new decree which banned
the return of the exiled tyrants are assigned to Cimon, in an effort to declare his democratic beliefs. However, both these decisions could have been
taken when Themistocles was in control.
41. That is proved by the fact that he named one of his sons Lacedaemonius. Moreover, Cimon is mentioned as a proxenos of Sparta, Theopomp.
Hist., FGrHist.I 115, F88; And. 3.3; Aeschin. 2.172.
42. Kagan, D., Pericles of Athens and the birth of Democracy (New York 1991) p. 38-44, 82-83; Grant, A.J., Greece in the Age of Pericles (New York
1973) pp. 109-115, 127. Fornara, C.W.-Samons II, L.J., Athens from Cleisthens to Pericles (Berkeley 1991) pp. 58-75, claim that Pericles’ reforms were
actually his demagogic respond to Cimon’s wealth, cf. Badian, E., From Platea to Potidaea. Studies in the History and Historiography of the
Pentecontaetia (Baltimore-London 1993), pp. 69-71.
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Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
43. Buckley, T., Aspects of Greek History 750-323 BC. A source-based approach (London-New York 1996) p.4.
Βιβλιογραφία :
Meiggs R., The Athenian Empire, Oxford 1972
Grote G., A History of Greece from the time of Solon to 403 BC, Routledge, New York 2000
Badian E., From Platea to Potidaea. Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia,
Baltimore – London 1993
Davies J.K., Athenian Propertied Families, 600-300 B.C., Oxford 1971
Bengtson H., Griechische Staatsmänner des 5. und 4. Jahrhunderts v.Chr., Μünchen 1983
Briant, P. – Lévêque, P. (eds), Le monde grec aux temps classiques I: Le Ve siècle, Paris 1995
Buckley T., Aspects of Greek History 750-323 BC. A source-based approach, 1996 London-New York
Camp J.M., The Athenian Agora Excavations in the Heart of Classical Athens 2, London 1992
Develin R., Athenian Officials 684-321 B.C., Cambridge 1989
Grant M., The Classical Greeks, London 1989
Kirchner J., Prosopographia Attica, Berlin 1901, 1966 (επανεκτ.)
Lenardon R.J., The Saga of Themistocles, London 1978
Lombardo G., Cimone, Roma 1934
Johnston A.W., Saunders T.J., Hornblower S., "Cimon", OCD, 3 , 1996, 331-332
Powell A., Athens and Sparta. Constructing Greek Political and Social History from 478 B.C., London
1988
Schreider J.H., Hellanikos, Thukydides and the Era of Kimon, Aarhus 1997
Sordi M., "La vittoria dell’Eurimedonte e le due spedizioni di Cimone a Cipro", RSA, 1, 1971, 33-48
Wade-Gery H.T., "Classical epigrams and epitaphs. A study of the Kimonian age.", JHS, 53, 1933, 71-104
Δικτυογραφία :
Cimon
http://www.stoa.org/projects/demos/article_cimon?page=1&greekEncoding=UnicodeC
Plutarch's Lives: Cimon
http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/cimon.html
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Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
Γλωσσάριo :
cleruchs, the
Citizens who were sent as colonists to a conquered area. There they became landowners by lot. They belonged to the lower social classes.
hermaic stele, the
Column crowned with the bust of Hermes.
ostracism, the
the temporary exile by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the democratic institution. Potsherds or tiles were used for ballots.
strategos ("general")
During the Roman period his duties were mainly political. Οffice of the Byzantine state´s provincial administration. At first the title was given to the
military and political administrator of the themes, namely of the big geographic and administrative unities of the Byzantine empire. Gradually the title
lost its power and, already in the 11th century, strategoi were turned to simple commanders of military units, responsible for the defence of a region.
talent, the
Numismatic weight unit. The silver talent equaled 60 mnai or 6000 silver drachmas.
Πηγές
Plutarch, Parallel Lives: Cimon
Thucydides, Histories I
Χρονολόγιο
c. 510 BC: Cimon was born
489 BC: Defeat of Miltiades, Cimon’s father, at Paros, resulting to his imprisonment and death.
480 BC: Cimon fights in the sea battle of Salamis
480/479 BC: Participation in the embassy sent to Sparta.
479 BC: Participation in the campaign of the alliance of the Greek cities in the battle of Plataea.
478/7 BC: Involved in the formation of the Delian Leaque.
477/6 BC: Cimon expells the Persians from Eion on the Strymon but fails to capture Doriscos.
c. 476 BC: Cimon’s son Thessalus is born.
476/5 BC: He expells the Dolopian pirates from Scyros and brings the bones of Theseus back to Athens.
475-469 BC: Cimon occupies Carystus and Naxos.
472/1 BC: Cimon is turned against Themistocles, who is ostracized.
471/0 BC: Cimon forces the Spartan king Pausanias out of Byzantium. He recaptures Sestus.
c. 470 BC: His twin sons, Lacedaemonius and Oulios are born.
470-462 BC: The Battle of Eurymedon, perhaps sea battle off Cyprus. Peace treaty between Greeks and Persians (Peace of Callias?).
468 BC: Cimon is among the judges who proclaimed Sophocles and not Aeschylus winner of the dramatic contest.
Δημιουργήθηκε στις 5/5/2017
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IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ
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Για παραπομπή :
Συγγραφή :
Ζάχος Γεώργιος
Καριώρης Παναγιώτης ,
Καλογεροπούλου Γεωργία
Ζάχος Γεώργιος , "Cimon", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8886>
468/7 BC: Cimon commands the Athenian army sent to Sparta to help against the helots.
465-463 BC: The Thasians revolt and are subdued.
463/462 BC: Pericles accuses Cimon of receiving bribes from Alexander I, the King of Macedonia. Cimon is acquitted.
462 BC: Cimon commands the Athenian army sent to Sparta to assist against the helots and the Messenians. The Athenians are
humiliated by the Spartans.
461 BC: Cimon is ostracised for ten years.
457 BC: The Battle of Tanagra. Cimon offers his assistance to the Athenians but it is declined.
451 BC: Cimon returns to Athens, 5-year peace with Sparta.
450 BC: Campaign to Cyprus, Cimon dies at Citium.
449 BC: Peace of Callias or renewal of it.
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