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Lesson 11 Introductory Video Script Course Music 7 Lesson Objective Semester A Unit 1 Lesson 11 The student will be able to identify the forms utilized by 20th Century composers, such as Copland, in order to explain their purpose. Visual Audio <Effect—Fade to image> An important facet of music in the 20th century was nationalism. Composers used their music to portray the cultures of their nations. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/flagunited-states-july-america-21656/> <Effect—Drop image in from top> America’s most prominent 20th century composers included George Gershwin and Charles Ives, but the composer who most typified American music was Aaron Copland. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/pianokeyboard-keys-music-362251/> <Effect—Dissolve to image> Copland as born in 1900 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the youngest of five children. <Image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brook lyn_Daily_Eagle2.jpg> <Effect—Display image> Copland later recalled that as a child, he was not particularly athletic and preferred to spend time alone, reading. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/bookopen-pages-library-books-408302/> <Effect—Fade to image> His sister, Laurine, was a talented musician and gave him music lessons. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/classicalmusic-notes-mozart-music-245590/> <Effect—Display image at close zoom, then zoom out> She attended the Metropolitan Opera School and would bring home libretto for her brother to study. <Image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:Metropolitan_opera_1905.jpg> <Effect—Dissolve to image> As a teenager, Copland took lessons in basic composition from Rubin Goldmark. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/fillerpen-fountain-pen-office-243451/> <Effect—Slide image in from right> His early influences included Chopin, Debussy, Verdi, and many Russian composers. <Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Chopin,_by_Wodzinska.JPG> <Effect—Fade to image> Later he was inspired by Bach, Mozart, and Ravel. Schoenberg inspired him to dabble in atonal and twelve-tone music, and he would eventually call Stravinsky his hero. <Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Igor_Stravinsky_LOC_32392u.jp g> <Effect—Pull image up from bottom> Then, after high school, Copland played with dance bands and took piano lessons. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/piano-musickeyboard-play-piano-453780/> <Effect—Display image at wide zoom, then zoom in> While his father wanted him to attend college, Copland decided instead to go to Paris and study music further. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/notredame-of-paris-the-seine-568858/> <Effect—Dissolve to image> He only meant to stay for a year, but ended up studying there for three years under Nadia Boulanger. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/eiffeltower-paris-france-europe-531826/> <Effect—Slide image in from left> He was inspired by the culture of 1920’s Paris where such artists and intellectuals and Ernest Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, Pablo Picasso, and Marcel Proust spent a great deal of time. <Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:ErnestHemingway.jpg> <Effect—Fade to image> While not studying and composing, Copland wrote music critiques, which helped him gain recognition and stature among the music community. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/typewriterauthor-mechanical-retro-407695/> <Effect—Display image> He returned to America in the mid-20’s feeling optimistic and determined to make it as a fulltime composer. <Image: http://morguefile.com/archive/display /913955> <Effect—Dissolve to image> He found himself inspired by the styles of jazz music, particularly its use of rhythms, and tried to make subtle uses of it in his own music. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/jazzdouble-bass-music-concert199547/> <Effect—Display image at close zoom, then zoom out> In New York, Copland formed a group of five young, American composers who called themselves the “commando unit.” <Image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:Jack_Delano,_Lower_Manhattan, _New_York,_1941.jpg> <Effect—Pull image up from bottom> The composers provided each other with both support and rivalry. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/music-trebleclef-sound-concert-225064/> <Effect—Fade to image> Later in his life, Copland was even more generous with his time when it came to helping younger musicians, which earned him the title “Dean of American Music.” <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/piano-antiquemusic-instrument-354624/> <Effect—Display image> In the later 1920’s, Copland adhered to a modernist viewpoint that said only select, elite groups needed to appreciate music. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/euphoniumbrass-instrument-93867/> <Effect—Drop image in from top> In the 30’s he began to change his mind, though, and create music that was useful and appealed to a wide audience. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/ensemblemusic-played-saxophone-619260/> <Effect—Dissolve to image> He wrote music with young audiences in mind, as well as scores for musical plays and Hollywood films. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/hollywoodsign-symbol-icon-vintage-595645/> <Effect—Move image across left to right> The 1940’s were probably Copland’s most productive decade and the period in which he established his fame around the world. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/music-paperbackground-design-313575/> <Effect—Display image and wide zoom, then zoom in> Two of his ballet scores, “Rodeo” and “Appalachian Spring,” written in 1942 and 1944 respectively, were among his most famous works. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/balletdancers-foot-slipper-dance-335493/> <Effect—Display image> “Lincoln Portrait,” “Fanfare for the Common Man,” and “Third Symphony,” written between 1944 and 1946 were also very successful. <Image: <Effect—Fade to text> <Text: COMMUNISM> In the 1950’s Americans had a growing fear of communism as a Cold War began between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. <Effect—Drop image in from top> Some of Copland’s earlier political leanings called his beliefs into question, and he, like many other public figures, was called before Congress in 1953 to testify that he had never been a communist. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/capitolbuilding-architecture-usa-516065/> <Effect—Dissolve image> <Image: Copland spent much of his time travelling around Europe in the 1950’s and 60’s, and from the 60’s on he began to focus on conducting more than composing. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:Aaron_Copland%27s_concert_in_ Belgrade.jpg> <Effect—Fade to image> Copland’s health deteriorated throughout the 1980’s, and he died from Alzheimer’s and respiratory failure in 1990. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/cemeterygrave-bank-away-tree-86248/> <Effect—Pull image up from bottom> During his life he received a Presidential Medal of Freedom from Lyndon B. Johnson and a Pulitzer Prize for conducting for “Appalachian Spring.” <Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:PresMedalFreedom.jpg> <Effect—Display image> He also received three Academy Award nominations plus one win for his movie scores. <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/sheet-musicmusic-melody-sheet-277277/> <Effect—Fade to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/american-flagsky-stars-stripes-14217/> His interest in American culture and the representation of it in his music made him one of the most clearly nationalistic American composers ever.