Download Reading the Periodic Table - Science

Reading the Periodic Table
A way of organizing & classifying
elements according to their
PROPERTIES
• Arranged in rows and columns
Columns
• The vertical (up and
down) columns of the
periodic table (there are
18) are called groups or
families.
• Elements in the same
group or family have
similar characteristics or
properties.
Rows
• The horizontal rows of the periodic table are
called periods.
• Elements in a period are not alike in
properties.
• The first element in a period is usually an
active solid, and the last element in a period
is always an inactive gas.
Rows
• Atomic size (number of protons) decreases
from left to right across a period.
• Atomic mass (number of protons)
increases from left to right across a period.
Rows
• Electrons are added one at a time moving from
left to right across a period
• The electrons of the outermost shell have
increasingly strong nuclear attraction, so the
electrons become closer to the nucleus
• Ionization energy increases
• Electronegativity increases
Quick Review of electron shells
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons
in an atom.
Rows
• Metals are on the left
• Non-metals are on the right