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DCP 76 CONSERVATION OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT This plan shall be known as: CONSERVATION OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT CONTROL PLAN NO 76 OBJECTIVES The aim of this plan is to conserve Wyong’s environmental heritage through promoting appropriate and sensitive development. This Development Control Plan (DCP) may be amended from time to time by Council. Proposed amendments are required to be advertised and exhibited in draft form and any submissions received must be considered by Council before the amended plan is adopted. People using the DCP should ensure that they have the current copy of the plan including any amendments. If in doubt, please check with Council’s Customer Service Centre. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 2.0 3.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 What is this Plan Called? Where does this Plan Apply? What is the Purpose of this Plan? What are the Aims of this Plan? How does this Plan relate to Other Plans? Adoption and Amendment of this Plan? What is the Format of this Plan? How to Use this Plan Illustrations 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 STATUTORY PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS 3 2.1 2.2 2.3 3 4 6 GENERAL CONTROLS AND GUIDELINES 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 5.0 How are Terms Defined in this Plan? When is Application for Development Required? Demolition and Replacement Development 7 Heritage Significance Visual Setting Site Planning Priorities Building Elements Facades of Commercial Buildings Subdivision Infill Development Adjacent to Heritage Items Adaptive Re-Use Demolition and Replacement Development 7 7 7 8 13 14 14 15 15 APPLICATION AND CONSULTATION PROCEDURES 16 4.1 4.2 4.3 16 17 18 What Information should be submitted with the Development Application? Exhibition Requirements Consultation Procedures CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES 19 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 19 20 22 22 24 Conservation Aims General Design Principles Materials and Details Types of Additions to Houses APPENDIX A: EXTRACT OF RELEVANT CLAUSES OF THE WYONG LEP 1991 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION The objectives of the plan are to: 1.1 What is this Plan Called? * Implement the recommendations of the Wyong Heritage Study; This Plan shall be cited as "Wyong Development Control Plan No 76 Conservation of the Built Environment". 1.2 * Encourage a high standard of heritage-related development that is sympathetic with the cultural heritage of Wyong; Where does this Plan Apply? * Provide detailed requirements against which heritage-related development proposals can be measured; This Plan applies to the whole of Wyong Local Government Area being all that land to which the Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991 identifies as a heritage item of either State, Regional or Local significance. 1.3 What is the Purpose of this Plan? Wyong Council recognises change to heritage items as an important role in the conservation process. The purpose of this plan is to assist applicants and the Council when dealing with proposals to alter or otherwise change such items to conserve those elements of the item which make it significant and that new development is sympathetic with the old. 1.4 * Explain and document Council's requirements to encourage an understanding of its policies for such development; and What are the Aims of this Plan? The aim of this Plan is to conserve Wyong's environmental heritage through promoting appropriate and sensitive development. It is not the intention to unnecessarily restrict development. This Development Control Plan aims to guide and provide a management framework for the development of: a Heritage items (as defined in the Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991). * To provide potential developers and the general public, convenient and clear information on Council's requirements for heritage conservation. 1.5 How does this Plan relate to Other Plans? 1.5.1 Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991 Clause 74C of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (EP & A Act) and Regulations require this Development Control Plan to be consistent with Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991 as amended. Accordingly, this Development Control Plan is generally consistent with the provisions of the Local Environmental Plan and the Model Provisions contained in the EP & A Act. In the event of any inconsistency, the provisions of the Local Environmental Plan shall prevail. b Buildings and land in the vicinity of heritage items. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 2 1.5.2 Other Development Control Plans 1.8 In the event of an inconsistency, this plan shall prevail to the extent of the inconsistency, except where the other Development Control Plan makes specific and detailed provision for heritage conservation. 1.6 First read Part 1 which provides an overview and background information to the plan. Part 2 provides guidance for determining types of development which require consent and minor development not requiring consent. Part 3 sets out a range of planning controls which reflect priorities for conserving the various types of heritage which must be observed. However, in instances where there is discretion within the controls or the controls are not always relevant the conservation principles in part 5 should be observed which illustrates in more detail how the controls should be applied through a set of guidelines. These guidelines allow for some flexibility in implementing the mandatory controls and should be referred to for guidance where discretion warrants. Part 4 sets out information which may be required to accompany applications depending on the significance of the items and the nature of the works proposed. Adoption and Amendment of this Plan? This Plan was adopted by Council on September 10 1999 and came into effect on October 13 1999. This Plan was subsequently amended to reflect the heritage listing of 100 Shirley Street, Ourimbah on July 4 2003 and came into effect on July 23 2003. This Development Control Plan may be amended from time to time by the Council. Proposed amendments are required to be advertised and exhibited in draft form and any submissions received must be considered by Council, before the amended Development Control Plan is adopted. People using this Development Control Plan should check with Council whether they have the latest copy including any amendment. 1.7 What is the Format of this Plan? This document is divided into five parts: Part 1 - Introduction. Part 2 - Statutory Provisions and Definitions. Part 3 - Conservation Controls and Guidelines. How to Use this Plan 1.9 Illustrations Illustrations are used within the Heritage Development Control Plan to assist users to understand the principles and requirements to which they apply. Some of the illustrations have been prepared as part of the Wyong Heritage Study Stage II, while others have been previously published in: "How to Restore the Old Aussie House (I Stapleton, 1991) and "Getting the Details Right" (I Evens, 1989). The use of acknowledged. this material Part 4 - Application Requirements. Part 5 - Conservation Principles. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 is 3 2.0 STATUTORY PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS 2.1 How are Terms Defined in this Plan? The following definitions apply: "adaptation" means modifying a building or work to suite a proposed compatible use. "alter" in relation to a heritage item means: a Make structural changes to its exterior; or b Make non-structural changes to the detail, fabric, finish or appearance of the exterior, but not including maintenance, this being the continuous protective care of the existing detail, fabric, finish or appearance of the outside of the item or component. "compatible use" means a use which involves no change to the significant fabric of a building or work, or changes which are substantially reversible, or changes which make a minimal impact. "conservation" means all the processes of looking after a building or work so as to retain its heritage significance. Conservation includes maintenance, and may according to circumstance include preservation, restoration, reconstruction and adaptation. "conservation plan" means a document establishing the heritage significance of a heritage item and identifying how that significance is to be retained in its future use and development. "demolition" in relation to a heritage item means the damaging, defacing, destruction, pulling down or removal of the heritage item, in whole or in part. "fabric" means all the physical material of a building or work. "heritage item" means those buildings, works, relics or places of heritage significance to Wyong and includes state and regional and local heritage items as defined in Schedule 1 of the Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991. "heritage item of local significance" means a heritage item classified by the word "local" in Column 2 of Schedule 1, opposite that item in Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991. "heritage item of regional significance" means a heritage item classified by the word "regional" in Column 2 of Schedule 1, opposite that item in Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991. "heritage item of state significance" means a heritage item classified by the word "state" in Column 2 of Schedule 1 opposite that item in Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991. "maintenance" means the continuous protective care of the fabric, contents and setting of a building or work. "measured drawing" means a technical or architectural record of the heritage item in its existing state. "preservation" means maintaining the fabric of a building or work in its existing state and retarding deterioration. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 4 "reconstruction" means returning a building or work as nearly as possible to a known earlier state and is distinguished by the introduction of materials old or new into the fabric. "restoration" means returning the existing fabric of a building or work to a known earlier state by removing accretions or by reassembling existing components without the introduction of new materials. "statement of heritage impact" means a document analysing a proposal to alter a heritage item in terms of its potential impact on the heritage significance of that item. "statement of heritage significance" means a document that describes and explains the characteristics which give an item heritage significance. "vicinity" of a heritage item or conservation area means land that has a physical, such as adjacent land, or visual relationship to the site of a heritage item. 2.2 When is Application Development Required? for Council should be consulted before carrying out any changes to buildings or sites which are listed as heritage items or which are in the vicinity of a heritage item. The Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991 contains a number of discretionary provisions for minor works. Except as provided by subclause 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 below, development consent will generally be needed for: a Demolition, in whole or in part, of any buildings, works or horticultural features of a heritage item; b Alterations and additions to an item. This includes: * Verandah enclosures reinstatements; and * Front fences; * Additional, or changes to the materials of existing, windows and doors; * Extensions, whether visible from the street or not; * Skylights or other structures, such as solar panels, ventilators, attached to the exterior or roof of a building and which will be visible from the street or public view; * Roof and wall recladding (change of materials only); * Swimming pools and tennis courts; * Pergolas and garden structures requiring building approval; * Erecting a building on or subdividing land on which the heritage item is located; * Demolition of any existing subsidiary structures such as garages and carports; * Carports and garages, including those fronting rear lanes. Development applications may also be required with respect to internal alterations of individually listed heritage items of state or regional significance. Works on interiors need the approval of the Heritage Council where the building is covered by an order under the Heritage Act. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 5 2.2.1 Essential Maintenance Council may waive the requirement for a development application where works can be demonstrated to be essential maintenance only. For the purposes of this Plan: a "Essential maintenance" includes works required to be undertaken because of structural inadequacy or concerns about public safety but not extending to major or extensive change or to the complete demolition of any structure. b Reconstruction approved as part of "essential maintenance" shall be limited to the form of the existing structure, or to a known earlier form in accordance with the definition of "reconstruction" contained in this Plan. required to indicate the nature of the change; c Re-instatement of former verandahs and chimneys, where evidence can be provided as to the form of the original and/or where this matches the style of the building of local heritage items; d Addition of skylights or other structures attached to the exterior roof of a building, such as solar hot water heaters, ventilators and the like, provided that these would be located on a rear roof plane and not visible from the street; e Roof recladding, provided that the proposed materials would match the existing roof materials or the style of the original building; 2.2.2 Minor Alterations The following matters are usually considered to be of a minor nature and unlikely to adversely affect heritage significance, in accordance with Clause 32 of the draft Local Environmental Plan. A development application, therefore, will not generally be required for: a Internal alterations to principal buildings on the sites of local heritage items, where these do not result in any other external changes apart from those listed below; b Rebuilding and/or re-installing existing front fences of local heritage items, where the proposed fence would be less than 900mm high and in a style appropriate to the principal building, unless there is either no fence or a very low existing front fence photographic evidence of the existing situation will be f Pergolas and other garden structures associated with local heritage items, provided that, in Council's opinion, adequate landscaped area will remain and major stylistic or horticultural elements of the site are not removed or compromised; g Rebuilding of existing single storey carports and/or garages of local heritage items only where these are located off a rear lane or are not visible from the street, and provided that the footprint of the existing structure would not be substantially increased or there is no increase in the number of carparking spaces. 2.2.3 Development in the "Vicinity" of Heritage Items In accordance with Clause 33 with the Local Environmental Plan, consent is generally needed for development in the vicinity of heritage items, including: Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 6 * New buildings on vacant sites; * Complete demolition of existing buildings and new infill development; * Partial demolition and/or extensions and additions, where such development would be visually obtrusive in the context of the heritage item and its setting; * Carports, garages or fences which would adversely affect the streetscape that forms the context of the heritage item; * Carparks, structures. 2.3 major signage Demolition and Replacement Development Applications for the demolition of any listed heritage items will only be considered in conjunction with a development application for proposed development that is accompanied by a statement of heritage impact. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 7 3.0 GENERAL CONTROLS AND GUIDELINES 3.1 Heritage Significance that is either listed as a heritage item or is in the vicinity of a heritage item: a Unless, in Council's opinion, an adequate curtilage, including landscaped setting and any significant trees, is retained; The Council shall not grant consent to a development application unless it has made an assessment of: a The significance of the item as a heritage item; b Unless otherwise permitted by this plan, no new structures shall be built forward of the existing building line; b The extent to which the carrying out of the development in accordance with the consent would affect the heritage significance of the item and its setting having considered a statement of heritage impact supplied by the applicant; c Where, in Council's opinion, extensions or new buildings would visually dominate or compete with the original form and scale of the existing buildings which they amend or add to; and c Whether the setting of the item, and in particular, whether any stylistic, horticultural or archaeological features of the setting should be retained; d Where proposed new front fences and gates exceed 900mm in height, unless the proposal is to refurbish existing original fences which exceed that height and/or no other alternatives are available to protect the amenity of the occupants of the building. d Whether the item constitutes a danger to the users or occupiers of that item or to the public; and 3.3 e Measures to be taken to conserve heritage items identified in any conservation plan prepared by the applicant. 3.2 Site Planning Priorities Development of heritage items shall conform with the following provisions with respect to site planning priorities: Visual Setting "Conservation requires the maintenance of an appropriate visual setting, eg. form, scale, colour, texture and materials" (Burra Charter, Article 8). For the purpose of this Plan, "form" includes shape, massing and materials, while "scale" includes height and bulk. Council shall not consent to the alteration, extension or erection of a building or other works which alter the existing improvements on land a Where possible, extensions are to be located to the rear. They should be sympathetically designed while visually apparent as new work. As a rule, the less new work visible from the street, the better. b Minor additions may be all that are possible. Make better use of space available, rather than adding on. Some re-building at the rear may achieve this without compromising heritage values. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 8 c If insufficient space exists for the new work, it is to be setback as much as possible from the street. d Where sites are severely constrained a dormer or similar addition were in keeping with the original building style, may be permitted on the front elevation for local items. New features should generally not be introduced on the front facades of important buildings, however sympathetic. e Garden design elements and plant species should, where possible, apply the same style as the established gardens within the grounds (curtilage) of the item. f The order of carparking is: priority for i Locate at the rear of the site, with access from a rear lane. ii Locate at the rear of the site, with access from the front. iii Locate at the side of the principle building, well setback. iv Uncovered paved area at the front. v Park on the street. vi Open, sympathetically designed carport in the front setback offset to the building elevation. Front garages are strongly discouraged, no matter how sympathetic. They generally obscure views of the main building and break up the established setback line in the street. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 9 3.4 Building Elements Alterations and extensions to heritage items shall conform with the following provisions with respect to individual elements of the buildings and settings: a Roofs: i Roofs of extensions should be carefully related to the existing roof in materials, shape and pitch, replacement materials shall match existing or use approved alternatives. ii New buildings should have roofs that reflect the size, shape, pitch, height, bulk and materials of the existing roof. iii Dormer windows to attic rooms are generally inappropriate unless these cannot be seen from the street. windows of suitable scale to gable ends and gablets and inplane flat skylights are generally acceptable on rear faces of roofs and where these will not be visible from the street. iv Attic rooms in extensions shall be generally contained within the existing roof form and shall not be visible on the principal elevations. b Walls: i Alteration of the form and materials of principal elevations is not favoured: removal of the external skin or rendering of exterior walls is not favoured unless associated with acceptable reconstruction works and unpainted surfaces should not be painted. ii Matching materials shall be used in repairing the fabric of external surfaces. iii New development shall use materials similar to or compatible with that of the original building. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 10 c Chimneys and other structures attached to roof: i All chimneys should be retained internally and externally and, where necessary, repaired, even if the fire place is no longer used: demolition of chimneys is not favoured unless necessary for structural reasons and preceding reconstruction. ii Skylights or other structures attached to the exterior roof, such as solar hot water heaters, ventilators, satellite dishes and the like, shall not be located where visible on the principal elevations of buildings. d Doors and windows: i Where possible, retain and repair/restore original doors and windows. Authentic reconstruction of similar material to the original is encouraged, where repair of the original doors and windows is not possible. Original leadlight and coloured glass panes should be kept. Modern aluminium windows are not favoured. ii New doors and window openings should reflect the existing style, size, proportion, position and where possible match all sill and head heights of existing doors and windows. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 11 e Window sunhoods, blinds, awnings, skirts: i In altering existing houses, original sunhoods, blinds, awnings and skirts should be retained and repaired. Authentic construction or reconstruction is supported. f Verandahs: i Removal of verandahs is not favoured. Authentic construction or reconstruction is supported. ii In altering existing buildings, original verandahs should be kept, repaired and respected. Additional verandahs should not compete with the importance of the original and should be simple in design. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 12 g Garages and carports i Rear lane access shall be used wherever available. New garages, carports and sheds should have regard to the effect on their sites. They should generally be located behind the existing principle buildings, unless there are no other alternative off-street locations. They should be of simple appropriate design, attuned to the design of the individual building to which they are functionally attached and not overly elaborate. Subclause h below sets out design and siting criteria. h Garden sheds, store sheds and other outbuildings: i In considering any application for permission to erect a garden shed or store, Council shall consider: * The proposed form, scale, size, materials and colours; * The location of the proposed structure in relation to the principal building, boundaries and other details of the site. * The relative prominence and visibility of the proposed structure from the street frontage or frontages of the site and neighbouring properties. * The desirability of, or need for, landscaping such as screening or planting, to reconcile a proposed structure with its intended site. ii Preferred shapes, roof form and materials are: ii Attachment of garages and carports to the buildings they service is generally not favoured unless the structure is located at the rear of the building and is not visible from the surrounding streets, or forms part of a basement level (which in all other respects meets with the guidelines) or it is well setback from the front facade and unobtrusively attached. iii The retention, repair and restoration of significant older garages is encouraged. * Simple plan shapes, square or rectangular, without complicated or interconnected shapes and with doors and windows of appropriate vertical proportions. * Simple hipped, gabled or skillion roof forms of the smallest practicable scale in a given situation, the use of lean-to or skillion roofs over any forms attached to the main part of the structure will help minimise scale. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 13 * Building materials that have been traditionally used in the locality or main building. i Colour schemes: i Existing unpainted brickwork is to remain unpainted except where the result of unsympathetic infill or addition. ii Additions and alterations shall reinstate traditional colour schemes wherever possible, based on the original scheme, where known, or on that of other surviving original buildings in the locality or on those recommended by expert texts for the period. iii New buildings in both the commercial and residential areas should employ colour schemes which harmonise with either traditional colour schemes in the locality or as defined for the style by expert recognised texts. j Fences: i Fence details should be simple rather than complex and match the style of the house. ii High solid fences of any material on front alignments are not acceptable for all items. k Garden Elements, including Paving and Driveways: Surviving original garden elements should be retained, repaired and maintained. Appropriate reconstruction of lost garden elements is encouraged. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 14 3.5 b the scale and form of proposed new construction or buildings is compatible with and does not detract from the significant heritage characteristics of the items. Facades of Commercial Buildings a Removal of or alteration to original facades which are of heritage significance is not favoured unless there are sufficient reasons for such removal or alteration, and the details of the work proposed and the reasons for the work are clearly set out in the development application; otherwise, the above controls for all building elements apply. c the subdivision will not require rearranged vehicular access and carparking (on or off the site of the proposal), that would adversely affect the principal elevation of the heritage item. 3.7 b In other circumstances, the proposed works should be sympathetic to and/or not detract from the style, character and interest of the building and place. Designs, whose details, materials and colours reflect the type of facades historically used in the locality, without insistence upon replication, are encouraged. 3.6 Subdivision Subdivision applications for land either in the vicinity of or on which heritage items are situated shall be accompanied by adequate plans, showing the building envelopes, siting and setbacks of the proposed buildings, that shall demonstrate to Council's satisfaction that: a the allotment and building spacing, that is, frontage widths, side and front boundary setbacks, are typical so that vistas and views to and of heritage items, especially the principal elevations of buildings, are not interrupted or obscured and so that the setting of the heritage item and a satisfactory curtilage, including important landscape and garden elements, are retained. Infill Development Adjacent to Heritage Items a New buildings should complement, not compete with, the elements which contribute to the uniqueness and heritage significance of the place. They can be fine works of architecture, expressing contemporary methods and tastes, but they should not stand out and draw attention to themselves, or clash with the heritage character of their context: * Such new development should be consistent in form and scale with the adjacent items and have detailing consistent with the adjacent items and its/their landscaped setting. * Such development should be located so as to not overshadow, nor impede existing views of the item or its setting. b When considering any application for change in the vicinity of items, Council will apply the principles outlined above in relation to both the overall and detailed aspects of: * Bulk and scale. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 15 * Materials, finishes and colour. usual provisions would result in a loss or a significant cost penalty for the developer such submissions shall be supported by independent valuation evidence on comparative costs/returns of the project(s). * Landscaping. * Garages and carports. * Fences and gates. 3.8 Adaptive Re-Use 3.9 The Wyong Local Environmental Plan contains a number of discretionary incentives to encourage retention of heritage items. These include the use of buildings for purposes additional to those normally allowed by the zoning of the land. Such exemptions shall only be permitted where enabling an income-generating use that is essential for funding conservation of a building or place. The Local Environmental Plan also allows Council to vary some planning requirements (eg. parking and density standards) in favour of development involving heritage items. Such variations are dependent on: a The proposed development being a compatible use having little or no adverse effect on the amenity of the locality and the conservation of the building or item being dependent upon the concessions being granted. Demolition and Development Replacement In considering applications for the complete demolition of buildings or works, Council shall assess: a The heritage significance of the building or work, and whether its permanent conservation is considered necessary; b The opportunities for adaptation and whether the building or work would be incapable of reasonable or economic use where this means that alternative solutions are not viable; c Whether the building or work constitutes a danger to its users or occupiers or to the public; and d Whether in the case of an application for total demolition, "infill" development is a reasonable alternative to retention. b Where a variation to Council's usually applied standards is requested, the applicant demonstrating to Council's satisfaction that the proposed work (which may include consultancy fee for the proposal): i Would contribute effectively to the conservation of the heritage item or place; and ii Is a reasonable alternative since strict adherence to the Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 16 4.0 APPLICATION AND CONSULTATION PROCEDURES 4.1 What Information should be submitted with the Development Application? All applications must provide the basic information required by the Environmental Planning and Assessment Regulations. Proper consideration of development affecting heritage items relies on an understanding of the significance of the item and potential impact, on this. It is essential, and in the applicants interest, to fully describe all aspects of the proposed development. Applicants are advised to consult Council's Town Planning Department to determine which of the following will be required: Written Material * A Statement of Heritage Significance - A description of the heritage significance of the item/s. * A Schedule of Work - Listing the proposed work to the item or property and cross-referenced to appropriate drawings, including: - A brief schedule of external finishes, materials and colours, cross-referenced to the drawings is likely to be required in most cases. - In the case of state or regional heritage items, a list of internal features to be affected by the proposal may be required. - The future use of the item or site. * A Statement of Heritage Impact A description of the effect of the proposed work on the heritage significance of the item and its setting including: - Measures proposed to minimise any adverse effects of the work on the heritage significance of the item or area. - Consultant's report/s as required (eg. by historians, archaeologists and engineers). Note: Statements should be objective and not lobby for a particular end result. Photographs * Early photographs or drawings of the item, especially when returning it to a known earlier state would be useful supporting documentation, where available. Drawings * A Location Plan and Site Plan drawn to scale, showing the location of the heritage item or site and any features which may be affected by the proposal (eg. neighbouring structures, outbuildings, trees, significant landscape features, views and vistas). * Plans, Sections and Elevations drawn to scale, showing the proposed works by colour or hatching in accordance with standard architectural and technical drawing practice. These drawings should show how the works will affect existing buildings, structures and features. Fabric to be removed should be shown by dotted lines, new fabric by hatching or rendering. (See Australian Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 17 Standard AS 1100, Technical Drawing 1, Part 301 and Supplement 1, Architectural Drawing). Conservation Management Plans * Extensive and complex proposals shall be accompanied by a Conservation Plan. This evaluates the heritage significance of the item and makes detailed recommendations on its conservation and appropriate future management. The Conservation Plan must be carried out by a qualified heritage consultant. Total Demolition * All applications for total demolition should also include the following additional information: - A report on the items condition by a structural engineer specialising in heritage issues, must support any assertion that the structural condition of the item is beyond repair. All the above information will not be needed in every case: prior consultation with Council's Town Planning Department will help establish what is a reasonable level of supporting information in individual cases. As a general principle the greater the significance of an item or the potential impacts of a proposal, the more details should be provided. - If you consider that stabilisation and/or the retention of the item or property is not feasible, provide the reasons for this conclusion. - If you believe that retaining the item or property would cause undue financial hardship on the owner, provide evidence. For items of local significance or for development proposals which entail only minor works, then a Statement of Heritage Impact on the Statement of Significance, will suffice. Complex proposals affecting items of regional or state heritage significance may be required to be supported by a full conservation plan. - Other consultant's report/s as required, for example, archaeologist's, historian's. Measured Drawings of the Item "as Existing Drawings" * A photographic survey and measured drawings of the item clearly identifying previous alterations, dates of construction, materials, etc. may be required, especially where application for total demolition is made. Preparation of such an archival record will usually be a condition of approval. 4.2 Exhibition Requirements Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991 requires development applications involving: a Demolition works; and b Adaptive re-use, to be exhibited for public comment, upon the receipt of the application (in the same way designated development is advertised). Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 18 Subject to Council's discretion to advertise individual applications where the circumstances warrant, the following proposals are generally not required to be exhibited: * Essential maintenance as defined in Clause 2.2.1 of this plan. * Minor alterations as defined by Clause 2.2.2 of this plan. 4.3 Consultation Procedures As a matter of Council policy, before granting consent to: a All development works, including demolition, to an item of state significance; and b Development works involving the demolition of items of regional significance, Council must notify the DirectorGeneral of the Department of Urban Affairs and Planning and take into consideration any comments received from the Director-General within 28 days after the notice is sent. (This time is in addition to that needed for giving notice to the Heritage Council for demolition works as required by Clause 33(2) of the Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1996.) Where an item is listed by either the National Trust or the Australian Heritage Commission, Council must notify that organisation upon receipt of an application for development or works (excluding minor works and maintenance) and take into consideration any comments received within 14 days of giving such notice. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 19 5.0 CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES 5.1 Conservation Aims The preferred approach to conservation is based on principles set out in a document known as the "Burra Charter". These principles assist in deciding what is significant and what works are appropriate. The Burra Charter is based on an international convention for conserving outstanding monuments and sites. Its principles are of utmost importance in deciding what should be done in a particular case. Some of the more relevant articles from Burra Charter are quoted in these principle guidelines where appropriate. Aim 1: To care for the significant fabric and other significant features: a Changes to fabric should be reversible, where possible, and their effect on the heritage fabric and other characteristic features should be minimised. b Consider the contribution of all periods of development or use to the cultural significance of a place. Whilst fabric from later periods might not have the same significance as earlier fabric, it is nevertheless part of the history of the place and may be significant, for example, in demonstrating changes in technology and in the use of the structure. c Avoid changes which distort the significance of the place or falsify evidence of its history, for example, a structure may have evidence of the position or form of machinery or structural systems no longer present. Study evidence is part of the history of the place and is of interest, and there is no need to remove it. d Enable future re-instatement by safely keeping (preferably onsite) fabric and other features such as machinery, that are unavoidably removed to adapt the place to a new use. Aim 2: To care for the setting: a An appropriate setting should be maintained. Changes which affect the appreciation or enjoyment of a place should be avoided, eg. the erection of a new structure which obscures views of the significant structure, or the erection of a structure whose materials, scale or form, detract from the significant structure. b Structures should be retained in their present location. The location and setting of a structure are integral parts of its history, and often explain why the structure was built in the way it was. c Some structures were designed to be readily removable, or already have a history of previous moves, eg. prefabricated dwellings and mine poppet heads. Provided such a structure does not have a strong association with its present site, its removal may be considered. If a structure is moved, it should be moved to an appropriate setting and given an appropriate use. Such action should not be to the detriment of any place of cultural significance (eg. the structure should not be placed in a location which confuses the history of its new site). Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 20 statement of heritage impact or conservation plan where relevant, in the form of a report. Aim 3: To provide an appropriate use: a If the existing use contributes to the significance of the place it should be maintained if possible, or a similar use found. An appropriate use enables the significant fabric to be kept, with a minimum of change. b In order to retain such structures, new uses - very different from the past uses - may be necessary. In such instances, a range of options for the future of the place should be investigated. Limit changes to the existing fabric and the introduction of new fabric should be to those essential for the new use. Aim 4: To provide security: Provide for the security of the place, for its maintenance and its future. Do not leave the place in a vulnerable state. Aim 5: To make use of the available expertise: Identify the range of expertise that might contribute to the investigation of the place and its conservation. For example, it may be necessary to engage a specialist in historical research and analysis, or to consult with other professionals who have experience with similar structures or problems. Aim 6: To understand the place and its significance before making decisions about its future and/or changes to its fabric: Firstly, investigate the documentary, physical and other evidence about the place, comparing it with other similar places, so as to prepare a statement of the heritage significance of the place, and a 5.2 General Wyong has many buildings of heritage value, dating as far back as the early 19th Century. There is a range of architectural features which are characteristic of the environmental heritage of Wyong of various periods. These characteristics define the heritage significance of each item. In determining what to conserve and how to effect appropriate conservation, every item must be considered on its merits. Most alterations and additions to items of Wyong's built environmental heritage will involve as "adaptation" or change to the known earlier state of the building. Whatever the proposal there are always two OBJECTIVES to keep in mind: a The first priority is to conserve those items and features that are SIGNIFICANT. b The second priority is to ensure that the item remains recognisable of its period. Generally, the older a building the more important it is to retain the original fabric, whether it is visible or not. Fabric means building materials, as they were originally put together. The above objectives lead to some important rules: Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 21 a Conserve or re-instated all significant features. Further, if the opportunity presents, remove inappropriate alteration and reconstruct original features as far as possible. b Only replace what is missing. As much as possible of the original fabric should be kept (Burra Charter, Article 18). Only put back what was originally there. New work should not pretend to be original fabric, it should be apparent at least, on close inspection at least, that the work is new (Burra Charter, Article 19). In general, new building elements should be constructed with the original technology in mind. Designers should also be mindful of the original functional purpose of these elements. c It is important also to consider the characteristic forms in the items immediate environment. Whenever there is a choice, do whatever will improve the appearance and unity of the street. Where there is considerable variety within a street, or a row of buildings, features of the immediate neighbours should be taken as the starting point for any proposed change. A successful result can generally be achieved by combining characteristic design elements or the scale relationships of the earlier example, or both only. Combine compatible characteristics and never copy a feature which is out of character with other traditional buildings in the locality. Most of Wyong's older houses date from the (19th and early 20th Century) these fall into one of three categories: * Those built by the relatively welloff were usually specially designed (eg. the grander homesteads of the Yarramalong Valley): these tend to be very individual in terms of their layout and overall form while their detail and decoration is more typical of the particular period. * The houses built by most urban residents (eg. Hope Street, Wyong) are much more standard and the range of expression is also more limited than found in, metropolitan areas: local builders generally tended to stay with particular forms and materials they knew well. * More adventurous styles accompanied the emerging interwar prosperity of the region as a recreation area. Decoration on most houses was, to a degree, more restrained than for their counterparts elsewhere, even in the ostentatious, Late Victorian period. Partly this would have been due to the difficulty of obtaining materials and craftsmen. Probably more important was a local preference for restraint. The abundant local timber was used to good effect and Wyong has a relatively high proportion of weatherboard houses. The availability of good quality and abundant timber is apparent in a large proportion of homes of all scales up to the early decades of the 20th Century. Decorative detail on Victorian buildings may be either timber or cast iron. From the 1920's and 1930's new materials such as brick and fibro sheets became Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 22 common on urban dwellings and commercial buildings. 5.3 Symmetry/Asymmetry Much of the distinctive quality of historic houses is dependent on a balance between symmetry and asymmetry. For example, Federation houses normally have windows symmetrically arranged in walls, but the front gable is almost always asymmetrically placed. Design Principles Some common stylistic features of Wyong's older buildings are described below. Most houses, however, will vary from the typical designs in some respects. For this reason it is important to have some understanding of the broad design principles which apply to all historic styles and to retaining their integrity. This makes it possible to design new work which will harmonise with older buildings of different styles. The design principles apply to all elements of the building, no matter how big or small. Although the range of possible problems and solutions is large, there are some patterns which appear frequently. 5.4 Materials and Details As a rule, if the larger scale elements are designed effectively, the detailed elements will fit in as well. Although it is rarely necessary to make exact copies of existing details, attention to materials and details is still important. The following is a checklist of materials and features to look for: * Walls Timber Scale and Proportion Every heritage building has a characteristic scale and proportion in all its parts. "Scale" refers to size. "Proportion" refers to the relative size of different parts or dimensions. These principles apply to the larger elements of a building (eg. roofs), as well as the smallest (eg. timber mouldings). Shape Buildings of a particular historical style have elements of typical shape. A Federation house often has both a complex roof and plan form. While a typical 1920's Bungalow, for example, has lower pitched, gabled roof form. Many building elements can be made of timber: window frames, boarding, fascias, brackets, columns, friezes, etc. Many joinery companies have profiles similar to early designs in stock. If an exact copy is required, the joiner can easily measure a profile. Timber buildings generally require more maintenance, to at least keep looking attractive. Modern paints, applied in accordance with manufacturer's instructions, have quite a long life (up to 20 years) and can help keep maintenance costs down. However, be careful applying the more thermoplastic acrylic parts to doors and windows. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 23 Bricks Note the brick and mortar colour, the type of joint and the brick laying pattern (called bonding). It may be possible to replace missing or damaged bricks with second-hand bricks from the same period. You should also be able to obtain new bricks which closely match. Check the ranges available from different manufacturers. Original face brickwork should never be painted or rendered. This will destroy the building's original colours and textures and rob it of its period character. Stone was sometimes used as decoration on fences, base courses, sills, steps, etc. particularly in the 1920's and 1930's. Cement Render Rough-cast render was sometimes used as decoration in the Federation period. Cement render was rarely used in Wyong prior to 1930, except as decoration. Face brick was sometimes decorated with rendered bands or stucco mouldings. Do not expose brickwork which is protected by renders. Metal Even in the Victorian period, the use of cast iron was relatively limited. Wrought iron was occasionally used on fences in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries. Asbestos Cement A building product common to the Central Coast, asbestos cement is a hazardous material which should be stabilised in situ or removed by specialist contractors. Contemporary fibre cement sheet provides an approved replacement material free of asbestos. * Roof Both roof pitch and roofing materials are important. Roofs were most commonly of corrugated iron, especially in the 19th and early 20th Centuries. Terra cotta tiles are relatively rare for most of Wyong's pre-1920 houses. Terra cotta was sometimes used for decoration on chimneys, ridge cappings and rainwater heads. Slate is rare being used only on more expensive buildings up until the First World War. Modern roof sheeting profiles are not recommended for heritage items. Metal of corrugated profile is generally acceptable with careful attention to roof colour being required. * Windows Where possible match all sill and head heights. Note whether window heads are straight or curved. Is stained or patterned glass used? Check local examples for framing layouts. * Interiors When changes to intact interiors are contemplated, it is recommended that advice is obtained from Council's Heritage Adviser before proceeding. Paint Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 24 What are the original paint colours? Scrape back new layers of paint to see if there was an older, original colour. Scrapings should be taken from areas sheltered from sun and rain. Allow for fading of the original colour. More accurate colour matching can be achieved by a colour specialist. Previously unpainted surfaces should never be painted: this cannot be over-emphasised. Painting of the original stone or face brick is practically irreversible, as is cement rendering and is therefore strongly discouraged. Most major paint companies now have a full range of traditional colour tints, and can offer technical advice. * Fencing Common materials were timber, iron and brick. Fences are particularly important when it comes to maintaining character of older streets. Gardens Ideally gardens should be in keeping with the period of the house. If possible ensure that major mature plantings are retained as these elements alone often provide valuable information about the date of the establishment/development of the property. 5.5 Several design approaches, however, may be suitable depending on a building's heritage significance, architectural style, siting, the desired accommodation needs and the proposed use. Expert help is usually advisable to reach the best solution. a Simple "Lean To" This is usually the cheapest form of addition and can be used extensively with a variety of styles. Normally sited at the rear of the house, this type of addition can also be used to form a new verandah or combined with a wing. The use of a verandah addition, either at the rear or the side, may be an excellent means of sympathetically relating a new extension with the existing house. The lean to addition should be constructed in materials harmonious with but, where constructed at the rear and not visible from the street, not necessarily matching the original. Depending on the lands slope, the size of the lean to addition will be limited by the need to provide adequate head height. A wing addition overcomes this difficulty. Light access can be improved with a lean to addition by adding gablets or skylights to the rear face of the roof. Types of Additions to Houses Flat roofed extensions and extensions which rely on "cape cod", "pop ups" A-frame and mansard roofs, are not suitable for older houses. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 25 b Wing Additions Wing additions should be made at the side or rear of the building to minimise disruption to the main elevation and the streetscape. The size and slope of the land and the form of the house will usually dictate the location of the wing, which is generally better suited to asymmetrical buildings. Where the original design produced a picturesquely irregular plan and roof shape, an additional wing, gablet or dormer to one side may reinforce this theme. However, it should not dominate and preferably should not be located in the same elevational plane as the original work. This can be achieved by stepping the extension back or projecting it forward, though wing additions should not project forward of the main facade and may be best setback behind the line of the main facade at a distance which is equivalent to the depth of the front setback. Side additions should not remove the possibility of car access to the rear of the site unless there is alternative rear lane access. The existing roof form and pitch should be repeated and new detailing should reflect the gables, hips, eaves, ventilation, window hoods and other projections of the main roof. c Pavilion The pavilion solution involves constructing a separate block element which may repeat the general form of the original house. It is particularly appropriate where the Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 26 architectural proportions, scale, symmetry or detailing of the main house would be adversely affected by another type of addition. For example, a pavilion addition could be used where the original design would be upset by a lean to or wing addition, or where the use of either of these would result in the loss of natural light or views. Pavilions may be connected to the main building by a breezeway or small utility area, such as laundry or bathroom. Pavilions may be the best solution for long deep allotments and can also be functionally integrated with landscaping to provide internal courtyards. d Basement A basement addition is created by constructing rooms within the foundation area may possess a large underfloor area which can often be excavated to provide additional living space. Before initiating this form of construction carefully consider the type of materials to be removed, access for machinery and equipment, the removal of piers and installation of alternative supporting structures, drainage and the possible need for retaining walls. Care must be exercised to ensure adequate underfloor cross ventilation and to avoid water seepage or rising damp. Engineering advice is recommended and will probably be required. the building and retention of most of the original foundation materials, such as sandstone. Due to its constraints, this form of addition is not highly recommended though sometimes garages can be accommodated in undercroft areas. e Roof Providing the existing roof volume is sufficiently large and the roof profile is generally maintained, a habitable attic room may be created Dormer windows or gablets are only suitable for styles up to the Federation era and should not be excessively large for the roof surface relative to the main roof form or differ in pitch to the existing roof and should generally be located to the rear. The roofs of Federation style houses are characterised by multi-hipped and gabled roofs. Additions to the roofs of these houses should be in a traditional gabled, hipped or lean-to form, matching the materials and roof pitch of the original structure. Occasionally, the design of larger Federation mansions may lead itself to the construction of a tower room. However, great care is required when applying tower rooms to smaller buildings. Additional considerations include the placement of stairs and their effect on other areas of the house, the appearance of new windows and exterior doors which should be designed in terms of the overall appearance of Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 27 Roof additions should generally be confined to the rear of the existing building and should not alter the essential form and character of single storey buildings, for example, simple, modest Federation cottages should not be transformed into elaborate two storey "Queen Anne" style mansions. The limited headroom in the roof space of the lower pitched "standard" California Bungalow and the later 1930's bungalows generally precludes additions within the existing roof envelope. Glassed in infills on the main street facing gables of Federation and standard California Bungalow styles usually detract so much from the character of these essential features as to be unacceptable. f Second Storey In areas containing a mix of one and two storeyed houses or buildings, sometimes an entire upper floor can be added, where appropriate, by removing the roof and vertically extending walls, verandahs and chimneys. The roof is then replaced. All new work carried out to create the upper storey should match that of the existing structure. In brick houses, the junction of new and old brick walling can be understated by using a projecting string course to create a shadow line. This type of addition should be employed with great caution as many building styles are essentially single storey forms, this can destroy their defining characteristics, scale and proportions. Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 28 APPENDIX A – RELEVANT CLAUSES FROM WYONG LEP SCHEDULE 1 - HERITAGE ITEMS (Clause 7(1)) Description of Heritage Item Street Name No. Significance Item Manner Numbered on Heritage Map Map/ Sheet No. CEDAR BRUSH CREEK Brush Creek Road Barn Regional 1 1/1 DOORALONG Dooralong Road Dooralong Road Dooralong Road Dooralong Road Former St Anne’s Church Community Hall Dwelling Primary School Local Local Local Local 2 3 4 5 2/1 2/1 2/1 2/1 RMB 859 GLENNING VALLEY Livistona/Glenning Roads Palm Springs Avenue 32A 14 Dwelling Dwelling Local Local 6 7 3/1 3/1 GOROKAN Nichols Avenue The Corso 19 1 Dwelling Dwelling Local Local 8 9 4/1 4/1 JILLIBY Little Jilliby Road Jilliby Road Jilliby Road Jilliby Public School Jilliby Cemetery Silo Local Regional Regional 10 11 12 5/1 6/1 6/1 KANGY ANGY MOUNTAIN Old Maitland Road Old Maitland Road Regional 13 7/1 Dwelling Dwelling Long Jetty Hotel Shop Long Jetty Local Local Local Local Regional 14 15 16 17 18 8/1 9/1 9/1 8/1 8/1 Road Bridge Dwelling Local Local 19 20 10/1 10/1 Lighthouse and Building Regional 21 11/1 Dwelling (“Hargraves House”) Noraville Cemetery and Hargraves' Grave State Regional 22 23 12/1 12/1 Sawmill Dwelling Utility structure Dwelling Primary School Railway Station Shop World War 1 Monument Dwelling Post Office and Residence Regional Local Regional Local Local Regional Local Local Local Local 24 26 25 27 28 29 30 31 93 32 13/1 13/1 14/1 15/2 13/1 14/1 14/1 14/1 37/4 14/1 LONG JETTY Gordon Street Surf Street The Entrance Road The Entrance Road Tuggerah Parade MARDI Collies Road Mardi Road 6 25 264 RMB 312 NORAH HEAD Bush Street NORAVILLE Elizabeth Drive Cnr Wilfred Barrett Drive & Oleander Street OURIMBAH Brownlee Street Chittaway Road Jaques Road Ourimbah Creek Road Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Shirley Street Station Street 3-7 23 RMB 1860 21 100 Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 29 PALMDALE Palmdale Road RMB 4580 Dwelling Local 33 16/2 RAVENSDALE Ravensdale Road Ravensdale Road Ravensdale Road RMB 1446 Dwelling Former Public School RMB 1477 Silos Local Local Regional 34 35 36 17/2 17/2 18/2 Boatshed Dwellings Dwelling Former Primary School Local Local Local Local 37 38 39 40 19/2 19/2 19/2 19/2 Shop Police Station/Former Ambulance Station Surf Club Building World War 1 Monument Our Lady of the Rosary Catholic Church Shops/Residence The Entrance Hotel The Lakes Hotel Local Local 41 42 20/2 21/2 Regional Local Local 43 44 45 22/2 22/2 21/2 Local Regional Local 46 47 48 20/2 20/2 21/2 Dwelling (Former Kiosk) Dwelling Local Local 49 50 23/2 23/2 TUGGERAH Anzac Road Pacific Highway All Saints Anglican Church Pioneer Dairy Local Regional 51 52 24/2 25/2 TUMBI UMBI Eric Malouf Close Dwelling 53 26/2 WARNERVALE Warnervale Road Warnervale Road Former Methodist Church Shop/Residence Local Regional 54 55 27/2 28/2 Dwelling Former Court House Police Station and Quarters Retail Store Guest House (Formerly "Hakone") St Cecilia’s Catholic Church Group Dwelling (“Alison Homestead) Former Public School World War 1 & 2 Monument Shops Local Regional Local Regional Regional Local Regional Regional Local Regional 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 29/3 29/3 29/3 29/3 30/3 31/3 10/1 29/3 29/3 29/3 Council Building Local 73 29/3 Dwellings Brisbane Water Ambulance Station Former Rural Bank Shopping Complex Wyong Railway Station Former Methodist Church Commercial Office Building Local Local Regional Regional Regional Local Regional 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 29/3 29/3 29/3 29/3 29/3 29/3 29/3 SOUTH TACOMA South Tacoma Road South Tacoma Road South Tacoma Road South Tacoma Road THE ENTRANCE Coral Street Dening Street 11& 13 14 1 Marine Parade Marine Parade The Entrance Road The Entrance Road The Entrance Road The Entrance Road THE ENTRANCE NORTH Hargraves Street Hutton Road WYONG Alison Road Alison Road Alison Road Alison Road Boyce Avenue Byron Street Cape Road Church Street Church Street Cnr Church Street & Pacific Highway Cnr Hely Street & Anzac Avenue Hope Street Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Rankens Court Rankens Court 21 33 46 14-16 6, 28 & 34 98 Local Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76 30 WYONGAH Tuggerawong Road WYONG CREEK Boyds Lane Kidman’s Lane, Off Yarramalong Road Kidman’s Lane Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road YARRAMALONG Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road Yarramalong Road 88 RMB 1135 RMB 1216 RMB 1156 RMB 1172 Dwelling Local 74 32/3 Dwelling (“Bangalow”) Road Bridge Regional Local 75 76 34/3 33/3 Dwelling (Gracemere”) Community Hall Dwelling (Former “Ebenezer Cottage”) Dwelling Dwelling (Former “Salmon House”) Dwelling (“Hillview”) Dwelling (“Marabilla”) Silos and Farm Shed Wyong Creek Public School Regional Regional Regional Regional Regional Regional Regional Regional Regional 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 33/3 34/3 34/3 34/3 35/3 35/3 34/3 34/3 33/3 Community Hall Dwelling (“Homeleigh”) Dwelling (Former School Residence) Regional Regional Regional 86 87 88 36/3 36/3 36/3 Dwelling (Former “Linga Longa Guest House”) Yarramalong Public School Retail Store and Residence St Barnabas Church and Cemetery Regional 89 36/3 Regional Regional Regional 90 91 92 36/3 36/3 36/3 Conservation of the Built Environment– Development Control Plan No 76