Download Adolf Hitler by Colm

Rise and Fall
Adolf Hitler
Birth
• Hitler was born on
the 20th of April
1889 in Braunnau,
Austria.
• He was the fourth
of six children.
• Four of whom died
while they were
young.
Childhood
•Hitler’s family moved to Passau
Germany when he was three.
•When Hitler was nine his family
moved again this time to Hafeld in
Germany.
•Hitler started school when he was 6.
•Odd but true Hitler wanted to be a
priest when he was young!
Parents
Alois Schickelgruber was a customs official . His
father, Adolf’s grandfather, may have been Jewish.
He died when Adolf was 14.
Klara Hitler was very young when she married.
Adolf carried a picture of his mom until the day he
died. She died of breast cancer when Adolf was 18
years old.
Education
• He attended a Benedictine monastery school
where he took part in the choir. ( the swastika
was on the monastery that is where he got the
symbol).
• When it was time to choose a secondary school,
Adolf wanted to become an artist.
• His father wanted him to become a civil
servant, but after his father died, he dropped
out of high school and attempted to get into the
Vienna Academy of Fine Arts.
• The following slides are examples of Adolf’s
artwork.
signature
signature
Young Adult
• Adolf (now 18) decided to move to Austria to
pursue his dream of becoming a great artist. He
failed.
• He became a homeless drifter who slept on park
benches.
• Adolf did manage to sell some paintings and
postcards, but he still remained poor.
• While he was in Vienna he became interested in
German nationalism.
Young Adult
•Hitler left Austria at the age of 24 to avoid the
military service that was required of all men.
•But he did sign up for
military service at the
start of WW I.
• This is a picture of
Hitler listening to an
enlistment speech.
World War I
• He was excited to
fight for Germany.
• For what he called the
Fatherland.
• The highest rank that
he held was corporal.
W.W.I
• He was awarded the Iron
Cross twice. (5 medals
overall)-this was the
highest military honor in
the German Army.
• He single handedly
captured 4 French
soldiers.
• He was blinded by a gas
attack towards end of
war.
Life after WW I
• Hitler lectured about
the dangers of
Communism and
Jews.
• He became a member
of the German
Workers Party which
later became the
NAZI party.
NAZI Party is Formed
• Hitler began to think big
for the German
Worker’s Party.
• He began placing ads for
meetings in anti-Semitic
(anti-Jewish)
newspapers.
• He changed the name to
National Socialist
German Worker’s Party
or the NAZIS.
Hitlers beliefs
• He wanted to revoke
civil rights of Jews.
• He had a dislike of
communism and
democracy.
• He thought that Besides changing the party name,
Germans are
the red flag with the SWASTIKA
superior.
was adopted as the party symbol.
Revolution
October 30, 1923
• Hitler held a rally in
Munich beer hall and
declared revolution.
• He led 2000 men in a
take over of the
Bavarian Government.
• It failed and Hitler was
imprisoned.
Trial and Jail
•At his trial (Hitler was charged
with treason), he used the
opportunity to speak about the
NAZI beliefs and spread his
popularity.
•The whole nation suddenly knew
who Adolf Hitler was and what he
stood for.
•He was sentenced to five years,
but actually only served about 9
months.
•When he left prison, he was ready
to go into action again.
Mein Kampf
• Hitler wrote the book
“My Struggle” while he
was in jail.
• It sold 5 million copies,
and made him rich.
• It was a mixture of his
beliefs, his life and the
failings of the
government.
• Later he had his editor
killed during the ‘night
of the long knives’.
Rise to Power
• He used the popularity
from his failed
revolution and book to
seize power legally.
• Hitler became the
Chancellor in 1933.
Violent methods
• He created the
“Brownshirts” or SA
(Stormtroopers).
• The SA was used to put
down opposition parties.
• They threatened and
beat up Jews and antiNazi voters.
• They wore brown shirts,
pants and boots.
• There were 400,000 by
1932.
First year in Power
• “Reichstag fire” gives Hitler total power.
• In 1933, all parties were outlawed except the Nazi party.
• People’s civil rights were suspended.
• “Night of the Long Knives” Over
2 days many of the leaders in the
opposition parties were killed.
• The first concentration camp
was opened.
• He grows the army to prepare for invading other countries
• People are happy as the economy is growing
1933-1939
• All media is censored in Germany so only
positive things about Hitler are published.
• Churches were persecuted and priests were
killed or taken to concentration camps.
• Under the Nuremburg laws Jews were no
longer German citizens and were no longer
allowed to work or have legal rights.
• Germans were encouraged to be nasty to
Jews, even barring them from shops.
1933-1939
• Secretly, against the Versailles Treaty Hitler
builds his army and makes weapons larger
than are allowed.
• ….While making speeches about peace and
against war. "Whoever lights the torch of
war in Europe can wish for nothing but
chaos."
• Hitler controlled the courts and dismissed
people who didn’t support him.
1933-1939
• Hitler puts a German army on the French border –
there is no reaction from the French.
• England finds out about the German air force- they
have no reaction.
• Germany forms an alliance with Italy
Mussolini is the dictator.
• Hitler sends troops into de-militarised
parts of Germany and yet again the
French and the British take no notice.
Invasion of Russia
• In August 1939 Germany and Russia signed an
agreement that they wouldn’t attack each other
and to conquer Poland.
• June 22 1941 the Germans launched a surprise
attack on the Russians (operation Barbarossa).
• The Germans moved quickly and came within
15km of Moscow.
• Hundreds of Thousands of Russian soldiers were
killed or captured.
• A wet Autumn and the start of winter stopped the
Germans in their tracks.
Start of W.W.II
• Hitler invaded Poland on the1st of September 1939
starting World War 2.
• France and England declared war on Germany but
did nothing to help Poland.
• Russia as an ally of Germany attacked Poland on the
17th of September.
• There were no further attacks
between October 1939 and
March 1940 that was known as
the phoney war.
Next stage of the war.
• Germany attacked Denmark and Norway in
April 1940.
• On the 10th of May 1940 Germany attacked
Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg and France.
• On the 4th of June British and French troops
were evacuated from Dunkirk.
• On the 13th of June Paris is captured by the
Germans.
Battle of Britain.
• Hitler ordered preparations to
invade Britain in July
1940(Operation Sea lion).
• The German air force
needed to destroy the
British air force (RAF)
but was unable to do so.
• On the 17th of September
operation Sea Lion was
postponed and never carried out.
Invasion of Russia
• After the cold winter 1941-1942 the Germans
again attacked the Russians .
• Huge areas of Russia were taken.
• The Russians fiercely defended Stalingrad (now
Volgograd).
• Hitler didn’t allow his soldiers to retreat.
• In January 1943 the Germans were forced to
surrender in Stalingrad.
• THIS WAS THE TURNING POINT IN
EUROPE.
Invasion of Russia
• In August 1943 the Russians defeated the
Germans at the battle of Kursk. It was the largest
tank battle ever fought, with
thousands of tanks on each
side.
• After this Hitlers army was
defeated and forced out of
Russia.
• Hitler wouldn’t let his army retreat and that led to
the death and capture of millions of his men.
Extermination of Jews
• Hitler was extremely anti- Semitic. In 1942 his
deputy proposed to kill all the Jews it was called
“Final solution of the Jewish question”
• Hitler had a special
group following the
army called
Einsatzgrupen, their job
was to kill communists,
intellectuals, and Jews.
• At first Jews were shot and buried in mass
graves, outside Kiev 30,000 Jews were killed in
four days .
Extermination of Jews
• In many cities and towns in Poland and Russia Jews were
gathered and forced to live in small areas called ghettos, to
separate them from the Germans.
• They were fenced with walls and barbed wire, and
guarded.
• They didn’t have enough food or water, many people died
of starvation or disease.
• Some had workshops to produce things for the Germans.
• Gradually the ghettos were emptied and the Jews were sent
to concentration camps.
• Many other people Hitler thought were undesirable were
also killed in concentration camps.
The Rest of Europe
• The Nazis occupied most of Europe from 19411944.
• On June 6th 1944 American, British, French and
Canadian troops landed in Normandy.
• After many bloody and intense battles Paris was
freed- September 25th.
• The allies then moved towards Germany .
• The battle of Bulge in Luxembourg and Belgium
began on the 16 Dec 1944. This was the last
attempt by the Germans to stop the west. The
battle was over by the end of 1944.
The End of the War
• By the beginning of 1945 Germany was being attacked in
the East by the Russians and in the West by the Allies.
• Germany was being bombed day and night by the
American and British air forces, many cities were
completely destroyed.
• Hitler still wouldn’t let his army retreat. In the end he was
recruiting old men and young boys to continue fighting.
• In April 1945 the Russians entered Berlin. Fierce fighting
took place in the city.
• On April 30 1945 Hitler killed himself and his wife in an
underground bunker.
• On 7th May Germany surrendered ending the war.
Hitler’s Death.
•
There had been attempts by
his own party to assassinate
him before, but they had
failed.
• His wife Eva Braun had
attempted suicide twice in
their early relationship.
• Hitler and Eva both died by
suicide . Hitler shot him self
and Eva poisoned herself in a
bunker in Germany on the
30th of April 1945. Later that
afternoon the bodies were
covered in petrol and burned.
My Connections
• My Grandfathers parents lived through the
occupation in Holland.
• My grandfather was named Jacob after an uncle who
was captured by the NAZIs and died during the war.
• Jacob didn’t want to be forced into labour in
Germany so he joined the Dutch resistance, then he
was captured and died in a concentration camp
called Westerbork the only one in Holland.
• Anne Frank was also held there and then brought to
Auschwitz.
What can we Learn from This?
• I hope it wont happen again.
• People can do crazy things when they are
scared.
• We need to think about how we treat people
no matter what religion or beliefs they have.
• I hope that this would be picked up on
quicker nowadays.
• We need to have a quicker response from
the UN in other parts of the world because a
lot can be achieved by intervening early.
THE
END