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Name: date: ANCIENT INDIA GUIDED NOTES REVIEW block: Geography • The geography of India includes high mountains, great rivers, and heavy seasonal rain. • India is a_______________. Which is a large landmass that is smaller than a continent • The mountains of northern India are called the _______________ • Over time, the Indus River Valley became ideal for farming. Which of the following events took place first? ____________________________________________________________ • India’s monsoons are seasonal. Which means The monsoons occur in _________________________ • Civilizations arose around seasonal rainfall. • Civilization in India began ______________________________with the great rivers and fertile land. • The highest mountains in the world separate India from the rest of Asia. They are known as the _______________ • The Himalayas are the northern part of India. • In the West are the Hindu Kush which provides protection from enemies. Indus River Valley. • Population grew in the ______________________________ • Growth came as irrigation and ______________________________improved. • Cities were built as surplus food was produced. • Indus Valley people were able to build their cities because they _______________and ______________________________Both Harappa and Mohenjo Daro were _______________that grew in the Indus River Valley. They were _______________ and _______________ • Because Indian farmers learned how to irrigate crops ,villages grew along the _______________ • Scholars do not know why Harappan civilization ended. Invaders from the West • When the Harappan civilization dissipated in 1700 BC, Central Asians called _______________began taking over territory. Indian Society • Unlike tha Harappan system of government, The Aryan system was based mostly on ______________________________ Name: date: block: • Oral tradition in religion and mythology resulted in the most important language of ancient India_______________. • Aryans wrote their poems and hymns in a language called _______________ • Aryans believed that the most important thing in life was _______________ Aryans fought each other nearly as often as they fought _______________ • The Aryans began to farm, so they stayed in one _______________ and abandoned their nomadic lifestyle. • Indian society divided into distinct groups under the Aryans. • The Aryans practiced a religion known as _______________ • _______________developed out of Brahmanism and influences from _______________ • The highest class in Aryan society was_______________ • Hindus believe that all of their gods are part of a universal spirit called _______________ • The Aryans developed a system of social class known as the _______________which divided people into castes or groups according to their occupation. Hinduism • The followers of Hinduism are called Hindus. • Hindus worship many gods. But they believe those gods are part of a supreme of highest spirit called Brahman. • Hindus believe people become joined forever with Brahman through a process called _______________ India and Buddhism • Siddhartha Gautama was born in India around 563 B.C. and he began his search for the truth about human suffering. • Much of what we know about Siddhartha comes from Buddhist writings. • The Buddha’s teachings were influenced by _______________because He searched for truth by studying with teachers of Hinduism but never found his answers. • Siddhartha Gautama most concerned with helping people worship God on a daily basis • The guiding principles at the heart of Buddhism are called ______________________________ • many people from lower social classes to supported the Buddha’s teachings because the Buddha opposed the _______________ Name: Indian Empires date: block: • ______________________________was a military leader who founded the Maurya Empire. He was able to set up a strong central government for the empire. • Chandragupta’s grandson,Asoka, one of the most powerful kings in India, became a Buddhist and spread Buddhism in India and foreign lands. • one effect of Asoka Maurya becoming a Buddhist was that he swore to not fight any _______________. • He called for religious toleration • Asoka built monasteries all over India and sent missionaries across Asia to spread Buddhism. • People who work to spread religious beliefs are called _______________ Gupta Empire • After the decline of the Mauryan Empire, India remained primarily Buddhist for 500 years. • Under the rule of Candra Gupta I, India became unified and prosperous again. • The first Gupta emperor was _______________ • The Gupta Empire was a time of peace and prosperity. And a time of _____________ ______________ in art and mathematics. • For example:The Indians created a new number system that was a base 10 number system. Fall of Gupta Empire • What happened to the Gupta Empire? • Invaders from _______________called the _______________attacked India • The ______________________________of the empire had broken down • India eventually divided into many _______________.