Download A. Fill in the blanks

DELHI PRIVATE SCHOOL, DUBAI
2015 -2016
SUBJECT – GENERAL SCIENCE
GRADE: V
DELHI PRIVATE SCHOOL
G.SCIENCE ACADEMIC SYLLABUS FOR GRADE -V
ACADEMIC YEAR 2016-2017
TEXT BOOK: INQUISITIVE SCIENCE- S.CHAND PUBLISHING
No
MONTH
THEME
TOPIC
1
APRIL
My Universe
and Me
2
May
Family
3
June-July
Animals
4
September
Plants
5
October
Food
6
November
Shelter /
Community
7
December
Transport /
Communication
8
January-
Air / Water
• Classification of animals and birds- vertebrate
and invertebrate
• Plant Life (Reproduction)
• Stem-its types, functions, uses and
modifications
• Plant life cycle
• Balanced diet and deficiency diseases
• Storage, spoilage and wastage of food
• Microbes and Disease
• Natural Calamities
• Bee colony and their life cycle
• Safety and first aid
• Sources of fuels
• Renewable and non-renewable sources of
energy
• Air and Water
9
February
Seasons and
Festivals
• Rotation and revolution of the Earth
• Solar and Lunar eclipse
• Organ Systems-Skeletal, muscular, circulatory,
nervous, excretory and respiratory systems
• Simple machines
• Force
• Interdependence in Nature
Theme-Myself
Topic-Organ System
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
protect
blood
shape
bones
skeleton
ribcage
tendon
minerals
There are around 206
along with the connecting tissue make
skeletal
cranium
ligaments
jellyfish
marrow
move
in the adult human body. These bones
System.
The skeletal system is very important for many reasons. Some bones
our internal organs. The
, for example, protects our
brains and the
protects our lungs.
The skeletal system also gives us
. Without a
, we
would be shapeless like a
or an earthworm. Our bones, which
are connected by
, provide a frame for the rest of the organs,
giving us our unique body shape.
The skeletal system also helps us
. Muscles, which are attached to bones
by
, cause the bones to move.
Bones also help your body store
such as calcium. If there is
too much calcium in the blood, some of it becomes bone. If there is not enough
calcium, then the bones give some to the blood.
Finally, another important function of bones is to produce
Inside bones there is a soft substance called
make blood cells.
.
, which is used to
Identify the four types of joints and write their location in our body.
___________________________
_____________________________
Muscular System
A. Choose the correct option:
1. Our muscles work
a) alone
b) in pairs
2. Number of muscles required to smile
a) 43
b) 17
3. When an arm is bent, biceps
a) contract b) relax
4. In order to work properly muscles need
a) oxygen b) carbon dioxide
5. Muscles are made up of
a) tendons
b) fibres
6. Cardiac muscles are
a) voluntary b) involuntary
7. Movement of food through stomach and intestine is controlled by
a) smooth muscles b) skeletal
8. In order to pump the blood the muscles of the heart
a) contract b) relax
9. Tendons attach
a) bones to bones b) muscles to bones
10. To keep our muscles healthy we should
a) sleep enough b) exercise regularly
B.
1. Feel your ear; think and state what makes it so flexible.
2. As a child one has 33 vertebrae but as we grow older they reduce in number.
Why do you think it is so?
Neuron
The human body is made up of trillions of cells.
Cells of the nervous system, called nerve cells or
neurons, are specialized to carry "messages"
through an electrochemical process.
Neurons have specialize cell parts called dendrites and axons.
Dendrites bring electrical signals to the cell body and axons take information away from
the cell body.
1. A neuron is a nerve cell.
2. Nerve cells send and receive message within
the brain and throughout the body.
3. Our brain is made up of hundreds of billions of
neurons.
4. Neurons are connected to each other as well as
the muscles.
Neurons can also be classified by the direction that they send information.

Sensory (or afferent) neurons: send information from sensory receptors (e.g., in
skin, eyes, nose, tongue, ears)TOWARD the central nervous system.
 Motor (or efferent) neurons: send information AWAY from the central nervous
system to muscles or glands.
 Interneurons: send information between sensory neurons and motor neurons. Most
interneurons are located in the central nervous system.
Discovery of Cell: Extended learning
Robert Hooke (1635-1703), an English scientist and
mechanical genius, was born on the Isle of Wight and
educated at the University of Oxford. Hooke was also
a pioneer in microscopic research and published his
observations, which included the discovery of plant
cells.
His Micrographia was an important milestone in proving the importance of
microscopy, and has granted him the title of English father of microscope.
Hooke observed a thin slice of cork under the microscope and saw that it was
mostly air, which allowed it to float, be firm, and yet compress under force.
However, he also saw that there were pieces of material making up a mesh-work
of supporting structures around the tiny pockets of air. Hooke named these
pockets of air "cells" after the small monastery rooms they reminded him of. He
had no idea that those air pockets that he called ―cells were the remains of what
is now considered the primary structure of life.
Invention of the Microscope
Galileo Galilei is credited for creating the first compound
microscope.
Some Facts Regarding Human Body
1. Once we reach the age of 35, we start losing approx.
7,000 brain cells each day.
2. Blood is 78% water.
3. It takes your food about seven seconds to get from your mouth to your stomach.
4. You use 200 muscles to take a step.
Things to remember
♣
The structural and functional unit that makes up a living thing is called a
cell.
♣
A group of organs that work together and perform a particular function is
called an organ system.
♣
Digestion is the process of breaking down the complex food into simple
and soluble form by the digestive system.
♣
The respiratory system consists of the nose, the windpipe and the lungs.
♣
The circulatory system consists of the heart and the blood vessels.
♣
The nervous system is the most delicate and complex system consisting of
the brain, the spinal cord and the nerves.
♣
The three types of muscles are– Voluntary, involuntary and cardiac
muscles.
♣
The urinary system consists of kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder and
urethra.
Organ Systems
The human body is composed of interactive systems. Most organs in the body are
necessary, a few like tonsils are not. There are specific functions for each of the organs
in the systems, but they cannot operate by themselves.
Below is a chart that will help you review the different systems with your students.
SYSTEMS
ORGANS
FUNCTIONS
respiratory
lungs, nasal passages, bronchi,
pharynx, trachea, diaphragm, bronchial
tubes
intake of oxygen and removal of carbon
dioxide from body
nervous
spinal cord, brain, nerves, skin, eyes,
ears, tongue, nose
control of body activities and the reaction
to stimuli
digestive
stomach, liver, teeth, tongue, pancreas,
intestine, esophagus
break down of food and absorption for use
as energy
excretory
kidneys, bladder ureters, skin
controls water and salt balance
endocrine
pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid
gland, gonads
production of hormones and body
regulation
skeletal and
muscular
bones, muscles
protection and movement
circulatory
blood, blood vessels, heart, lymph
transport of nutrients, metabolic wastes,
water, salts, and disease fighting cells
integumentary skin
protection of body from injury and bacteria,
maintenance of tissue moisture, holds
receptors for stimuli response, body heat
regulation
URINARY SYSTEM
Sometimes, the urinary system is called the excretory system.
But the urinary system is only one part of the excretory
system. Recall that the excretory system is made up of the
skin, lungs, and large intestine as well as the kidneys.
The urinary system is the organ system that makes, stores,
and gets rid of urine. It includes:
1. Two kidneys.
2. Two ureters.
3. One bladder.
4. One urethra.
Functions of the organs of Urinary System
1. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs. Kidneys filter
and clean the blood and form urine. They are about the
size of your fists and are found near the middle of the
back, just below your rib cage.
2. Ureters are tube-shaped and bring urine from the kidneys
to the urinary bladder.
3. The urinary bladder is a hollow and muscular organ. It is shaped a little like a balloon.
It is the organ that collects urine.
4. Urine leaves the body through the urethra.
Excretory System
The organs of your excretory system help to keep the correct balance of water and salts
within your body. The excretory system can also help to release wastes from the body.
Excretion is the process of removing wastes from the body. The organs of the excretory
system are also parts of other organ systems. For example, your lungs are part of the
respiratory system. Your lungs remove carbon dioxide from your body, so they are also
part of the excretory system.
Organs of the Excretory System
Organ(s)
Function
Other Organ System of which it is
Part
Lungs
Remove carbon dioxide
Respiratory system
Skin
Sweat glands remove water, salts,
and other wastes
Integumentary system
Large intestine
Removes solid waste and some
water in the form of feces
Digestive system
Kidneys
Remove urea, salts, and excess
water from the blood
Urinary system
Circulatory System
The human circulatory system functions to transport blood and oxygen from the lungs to
the various tissues of the body. The heart pumps the blood throughout the body.. The
components of the human circulatory system include the heart, blood, red and white blood
cells, platelets, and the lymphatic system.
The Heart
Located slightly to the left of the middle of your chest, the
heart is made of strong muscle tissue and is protected
by your rib cage. Even though it is no larger than the size
of your fist, it plays a vitally important role in your body. It
consists of four hollow chambers – two ventricles and
two atria. All four chambers work quite like pumps and
push blood throughout your body. The blood that moves
towards the heart enters it through the atria and then
goes out to your body through the ventricles.
The Blood Vessels
The blood vessels are one of the most important circulatory system organs. Your
blood vessels allow blood to flow quickly from one region to another and then allow
it to come back to your heart. The size of your vessels increases with an increase in
the amount of blood that passes through the vessel. Blood vessels have a hollow
area that allows for easy flow of blood – it's called lumen.
There are three basic types of blood vessels, including
capillaries, arteries and veins.

ŸArteries take oxygen-rich blood away from your heart.

ŸVeins take blood back toward your heart.

ŸCapillaries are very tiny blood vessels that form a
connection between arteries and veins. The capillary walls facilitate the transfer
of oxygen, nutrients and wastes in and out of your body.
FLOW OF BLOOD THROUGH THE HEART
atria and two ventricles; the
atria receive blood, while the ventricles pump blood.
inferior vena cavas and the
coronary sinus; blood then moves to the right ventricle where it is pumped to the lungs.
-oxygenate the blood and send it to the left atrium.
a the bicuspid valve; blood is
pumped out of the left ventricle to the aorta, which sends blood to the organs and muscles
of the body.
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The organs protected by the ribs are
2.
and
.
absorbs the water from the food.
3. Messages from all parts of our body come to the brain through our
4. We can see with our eyes with the help of the
.
5. The pipes through which blood flows are _
6. The lungs get rid of
.
and the skin gets rid of
7. We sense the world through our
.
.
8. To get energy from blood, our body needs
II.
.
from air.
TRUE OR FALSE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
IV.
The excretory system helps the body to get rid of its waste. (
All bones in the skull are moveable. (
)
The nervous system controls the different organs of our body. (
The nose helps us to keep our balance. (
)
A joint is a place where two bones meet. (
)
)
)
Answer the following.
1. What would happen if you did not have joints?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2. Which part of the brain is responsible for the following?
a) Learning
b) Breathing
c) Muscle coordination
_
d) Memory
DID YOU KNOW………
Injured persons and those undergoing major operations are given blood
transfusions.
Healthy people donate blood which is tested and stored in a blood bank for later use.
Blood is of different types. (Blood groups)
It has to be matched with the patient’s blood before the transfusion.
Simple Machines
New words :
Effort
Load
Fulcrum
: The force that we use on the lever.
: The weight that we try to move with the help of the lever.
: The point of support on the lever that does not move.
A. Against the following, write ‘L’ if it is a lever; ‘I’ if it is an inclined
plane; ‘P’ if it is a pulley and ‘W’ if it is a wheel and axle.
1.
2.
3.
Egg beater
Bottle opener
Ramp in a car service station
B. Fill in the blanks:
1. A
2. In a nut cracker, the
and the
4. Crane
5. Sewing machine
6. Scissors
machine has very few parts in it. (Complex/ Simple)
lies between the
. (Effort/load/fulcrum)
3. In __________ class lever effort is between the fulcrum and the load. (First/ third)
4. A ________ is used to draw water from a well. (Pulley/lever)
5. A slide is shaped like a/an
(screw/inclined plane)
C. Which simple machine had the greatest impact on mankind? Explain in detail.
Ans._
D. Identify the different types of levers and mark the effort, fulcrum and load in each
of them.
_____________
___________
__________
_________
Theme: Family
Interdependence in Nature
The table describes some common terms used to describe living things in their
environment:
Term
Description
Environment All the conditions that surround a living organism
Habitat
The place where an organism lives
Population
All the members of a single species that live in a habitat
Community
All the populations of different organisms that live together in a
habitat
Ecosystem
A community and the habitat in which organisms live
A food chain shows the different species of an organism in anecosystem, and what
eats what.
Producers and consumers
A food chain always starts with a producer, an organism that makes food. This is
usually a green plant, because plants can make their own food by photosynthesis.
A food chain ends with a consumer, an animal that eats a plant or another animal.
Here is an example of a simple food chain:
grass → cow → human
The arrows in food chains show the way in which energy is moving. They do not
show what eats what.
Energy
Pyramids
What is an energy pyramid
Energy pyramid
An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy
flow in a community. The different levels represent
different groups of organisms that might compose a
food chain. From the bottom-up, they are as follows:
— bring energy from nonliving
sources into the community
Primary consumers — eat the producers, which makes them herbivores in most
communities
Secondary consumers — eat the primary consumers, which makes them carnivores
Tertiary consumers — eat the secondary consumers
 Producers



In some food chains, there is a fourth consumer level, and rarely, a fifth. Have you
ever wondered why there are limits to the lengths of food chains?
Why are energy pyramids shaped the way they are?
An energy pyramid’s shape shows how the amount of useful energy that enters each
level — chemical energy in the form of food — decreases as it is used by the
organisms in that level. How does this happen?
Recall that cell respiration “burns” food to release its energy, and in doing so,
produces ATP, which carries some of the energy as well as heat, which carries the
rest. ATP is then used to fuel countless life processes. The consequence is that even
though a lot of energy may be taken in at any level, the energy that ends up being
stored there – which is the food available to the next level — is far less. Scientists
have calculated that an average of 90% of the energy entering each step of the food
chain is “lost” this way (although the total amount in the system remains
unchanged).The consumers at the top of a food pyramid, as a group, thus have much
less energy available to support them than those closer to the bottom. That’s why
their numbers are relatively few in most communities. Eventually, the amount of
useful energy left can’t support another level. That’s why energy flow is depicted in
the shape of a pyramid. The energy that enters a community is ultimately lost to the
living world as heat.
Answer the following questions:
Q1.What is the importance of having a broad base and narrow tip in the energy pyramid?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Q2. Explain why only 10% of energy is passed in each tropic level?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Q3. Why is it better to be a herbivore than a carnivore?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Q4. Explain how balance in nature can be achieved?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Theme-Animals
Animal Life
Vertebrates
Match the following:
Animals
Characteristics
Cold blooded
Have lungs
Dry scaly skin
Layeggs
1.
a.
2.
b.
Warm blooded
Give birth to young
ones
Live on land
Body covered with
hair
3.
c.
Warm blooded
Have feathers and
wings to fly
Lay eggs
Bones and skull very
thin
4.
d.
Cold blooded
Have scales
Have gills
Lay eggs in water
5.
e.
Cold blooded
Lungs present
Moist skin
Lay jelly coated eggs
in water
1 ___________. 2___________. 3___________. 4__________. 5___________
Complete the table
Group
Characteristics
Sponges
• Have bodies made of loosely
joined cells
Cnidarians
• Have true tissues
Flat worms
• Have flat worm like bodies
Round worms
• Non segmented bodies.
• Body cavity with internal organs
Annelids
• Bodies are segmented into
repeated units
 Body divided into 3 parts
Head. Thorax and Abdomen
3 pairsonofa legs
andfleshy
2 pairpad
of
• Crawl
single
wings
• Can
have a shell
• Mostly spiny skin and
radial symmetry
Insects
Molluscs
Echinoderms
Example
Sponges
Jelly fish
Marine flat worms
and fresh water
flatworms
Heart
Worms
Earth worm
Mosquito
snails, clams
Star fish
Classification of
Animal Kingdom
Habitat
Aquatic
Terrestrial
Aquatic
Arboreal
Amphibian
Food
habits
Hours of
activity
Body
temperature
Herbivore Warm blooded
Carnivore Cold blooded
Omnivore
Scavenger
Parasite
Diurnal
Nocturnal
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. Carnivores are animals that eat
2. Herbivores are animals that eat
3.
is an omnivore.
4.
is a scavenger.
.
.
II. Give two examples of:
1. Nocturnal animals: ________, __________
2. Diurnal animals: ___________, __________
3. Warm blooded animals: __________, _________
4. Cold blooded animals: ___________, __________
Research and analyze the reason for the following.
a. Large ears of elephant
b. Sun basking by crocodiles during winters.
Presence or
absence of
backbone
Vertebrates
Invertebrates
Theme-Plant
Plant Life
1. Match the following:
Parts of a flower
1. Stamen
2. Pistil
3. Sepal
4. Petal
Functions
a. To attract insects for pollination.
b. To protect the flower and to prevent it from drying.
c. Female parts of the flower produce ovules.
d. Male parts of the flower. Produce pollen grains in the
anthers.
1. ___________ 2. ____________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________
2. Fill in the blanks:
a. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of the same flower. _________
b. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of different flower of the same
species. ____________c. Pistil consists of the __________, ___________ and___________.
d. Stamen consists of the ___________ and ______
Enquiry based learning Modification of stem
Research and find out some more modifications of stems and give two
examples of each.
Underground stems
Tuber
Example-Potato
Rhizome
Example-Ginger, rhizome
Bulb
Example-Garlic, Onion
Sub-aerial stems
Runner
Example-Strawberry
Stolon
Example-Grass
Aerial stems
Tendril-Pea
Seed Germination
1. Nadine mixed grass seeds with sand. She put the mixture into three mesh bags to
make three model heads. She soaked two of the bags in water. (a) The drawings
below show the model heads after one week.
(i)
Which two model heads did Nadine soak in water? Give the letters.
____ and _____
(ii)
How can you tell this from the drawings?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyday Mysteries
Is a coconut a fruit, nut or seed?
Botanically speaking, a coconut is a fibrous one-seeded drupe, also known as a dry
drupe. However, when using loose definitions, the coconut can be all three: a fruit,
a nut, and a seed.
Theme-Food
Nutrients in Food
Nutrient
Use in the body
Good sources
Carbohydrate
To provide energy
Cereals, bread, pasta,
rice and potatoes
Protein
For growth and repair of tissues
and muscles.
Fish, meat, eggs,
beans, pulses and
dairy products
Fat
To provide energy. Also to
store energy in the body and
insulate it against the cold.
Butter, oil and nuts
Minerals
Needed in small amounts to
maintain health
Salt, milk (for
calcium) and liver
(for iron)
Vitamins
Needed in small amounts to
maintain health
Dairy foods, fruit,
vegetables
Fibre
To provide roughage to help to
keep the food moving through
the gut
Vegetables, bran
Water
Needed for cells and body
fluids
Fruit juice, milk,
water
Answer the following:
1. Name two minerals that are important for the body and write their functions.
____________________________________________________________________
2. Dairy foods are a good source of which nutrients?
Deficiency Diseases
Identify the deficiency disease that the person may be suffering from and list
the dietary food that he/she should include in his/her diet so that he/she may be
cured.
a. Weak nerves and muscles
b. Bleeding of gums and swelling of joints
c. Looks pale and tired
d. Cannot see well at night
e. Swollen gland in the neck region
f. Bones break easily
g. Poor growth, gets tired easily and skin gets dry and wrinkled
h. Stunted growth, loss of appetite and swelling of the legs and belly
S.No.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Disease
Caused due to the
Corrective food to be
deficiency of
taken(Mention any two)
Food spoilage
Food spoilage means the original nutritional value, texture, flavour of the food are
damaged and the food becomes harmful and unsuitable to eat.
Food Facts
Eggs-When something starts pecking its way out of the shell, the egg is considered
to be past its prime.
Dairy Products-Milk is spoiled when it starts to look like yogurt.
Yogurt is spoiled when it starts to look like cottage cheese.
Cottage cheese is spoiled when it starts to look like regular cheese.
Bread- Fuzzy and hairy looking white or green growth areas are a good indication
that your bread has got spoilt.
Potatoes-Fresh potatoes do not have roots, branches, or dense, leafy undergrowth.
Causes of Food Spoilage
1. Saprophytic bacteria and fungi from the soil
2. Rodents like rats
3. Insect pests like cockroaches and houseflies
4. Chemical changes within the food
5. Untreated sewage used as fertilizer can easily contaminate the food
6. Contaminated water can easily affect the food
7. Contaminated air
8. Human handling can contaminate the food through wound , running-nose or
through contagious diseases
Food
Milk
Bread
vegetables
Change in appearance when spoilt
Cause
Food preservation
(a) Refrigeration: By keeping in the refrigerator, food can be preserved for
a longer time. For example: milk, vegetables
(b) Canning: Some food stuff can be preserved by storing them in air tight
containers. For example : fruits, meat
(c) Boiling: Very high temperature kills germs. For example: milk can be
preserved by boiling.
(d) Pickling: Food can be preserved by adding preservatives like salt, sugar
and vinegar. For example: Meat jams and jellies are preserved by pickling.
(e) Drying: Food can be preserved by storing them in dry places. For
example: some vegetables and fruits
Food product
Peas
Apple
Mango
FISH
Method of preservation
Another example
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Pesticide spray can contaminate our waterways, and can affect aquatic plants
and animals.
The chemicals like DDT are either washed down into the soil or into the water
bodies. From the soil; these are absorbed by the plants along with water and
minerals, and from the water bodies these are taken up by aquatic plants and animals.
This is one of the ways by which they enter food chain. As these chemicals
are not degradable, these get accumulated progressively at each trophic level. As
human beings occupy the top level in any food chain; the maximum concentration
of these chemicals gets accumulated in our bodies. This phenomenon is known as
biological magnification. This is the reason why our food grains such as wheat and
rice, fruits and vegetables and even fish contain varying amounts of pesticide
residues. These chemicals cause stomach related problems or can even affect our
nervous system.
a. How do chemicals enter the food chain?
__________________________________________________________
__________________
b. What is biological magnification?
__________________________________________________
c. What are the effects of DDT on human beings
____________________________________________________________________
Theme-Shelter and Community
Microbes and Diseases
A. The diagram and the characteristics are matched to each other match the
microbe with them:
A
Bacteria
Fungi
B
C
They cannot synthesize their own
food via photosynthesis, like plants
do, but instead they feed off of other
organisms as do animals.
These are the smallest type of
microbe. They are very simple and
do not really have cells. They need
to be in the cells of other living
things to reproduce, this is why they
cause diseases.
They are one celled and have
different shapes like spherical, oval,
spiral etc.
Viruses
B. Use the names of the types of microbe to complete the sentences...
1.
2.
can only reproduce inside the cells of animals or plants.
are used to make bread and cake fluffy.
3. Food poisoning is usually caused by
4.
5.
_ cause illnesses such as flu, colds and measles.
are used to make cheese and yoghurt.
6. Mould on bread is caused by
7.
8.
.
.
are the smallest microbe.
_are usually made up of branched threads.
C. Give reasons why: (2 reasons)
1. Microbes are both our friends and foes.
2. Viruses are thought to be neither fully living nor non-living
Bee colony and their life cycle
1. Bees develop from eggs laid by the Queen. (She can lay approximately 2,000
in one day!)
2. In three days, larva crawls out and begins eating beebread (honey and pollen
mixture).
3. Workers build wax cap over cell. In five days it becomes a pupa.
4. The adult bee bites its ways out of the cell. If the egg is fertilized, it will be a
worker bee (21 days). If not, it will be a drone (24 days). If it is a new Queen,
it will take 16 days to hatch!
5. Queens live for as long as five years. Workers live from 6 weeks to several
months.
6. Drones live for one season.
Collecting Nectar
Bees collect nectar and pollen for their food. They collect these from flowers. The
honey bee colony lives in a beehive. There are about 60,000 bees in the colony.
There are three different types of bees in the colony, the queen, the workers and the
drones. The drones are males. Only the queen can lay the eggs.
The workers do many different jobs like looking for food, feeding the grubs that
will grow into new bees, cleaning and guarding the hive and making the honey
comb. The worker bees make the comb from beeswax .The tiny six sided cells
which make up the honey comb are used both as cradles for young undeveloped
bees and for storing honey and pollen. The bees use this as food in the cold
winter months when there are very few flowers around.
APICULTURE- A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in order to collect honey
and other products of the hive.
A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee yard".
PRODUCTS OF A BEE HIVE
Different hive products are wax, royal jelly and propolis, which are used for
nutritional and medicinal purpose.
Wax is used in candle making, cosmetics, wood polish and for modeling.
Propolis- is a wax like resinous substance.
Royal Jelly- is a type of bee secretion that aids in the development of immature or
young bees.
Some Quick Bee Facts......
*Honeybees are the only insects that produce food for humans.
*Just a single hive contains approximately 40-45,000 bees!
*During honey production periods, a bee's life span is about 6 weeks.
*Honeybees visit about 2 million flowers to make one pound of honey.
*A bee travels an average of 1600 round trips in order to produce one ounce of
honey; up to 6 miles per trip. To produce 2 pounds of honey, bees travel a distance
equal to 4 times around the earth.
*Bees fly an average of 13-15 mph.
*Bees from the same hive visit about 225,000 flowers per day. One single bee
usually visits between 50-1000 flowers a day, but can visit up to several thousand.
*Queens lay almost 2000 eggs a day at a rate of 5 or 6 a minute. Between 175,000200,000 eggs are laid per year.
*The average hive temperature is 93.50 F
*The honey bee has five eyes.
*Only females have stingers.
*Drones tongues are too short to obtain nectar to feed themselves.
*Honey bees do a dance to communicate the location of a new food source.
PARTS OF THE BODY OF A FEMALE HONEY BEE
Abdomen — the rear body region of a honey bee composed of nine segments and
contains many organs including those for digestion, reproduction and respiration.
Antenna(e) — the moveable, sensitive feelers on an insect’s head which detect
odour and movement.
Cocoon — the silk chamber a larva spins around itself just prior to the pupal stage
of development.
Compound eye — an eye made up of thousands of tiny lenses that allow a honey
bee to see ultraviolet light, which is invisible to the human eye, as well as visible
light (except red).
Exoskeleton — the hard outer covering which forms a bee’s body.
Head — the forward body region of the honey bee that contains the compound
eyes, simple eyes, antennae, jaws, and proboscis.
Honey sac — the stomach-like organ that is connected by a funnel shaped valve to
the digestive tract. The nectar stored here will be unloaded into empty hive cells or
passed on to house bees for food.
Legs — a honey bee has three pairs of segmented legs used not only for walking
but also to dust off antennae, brush pollen out of the thousands of branched hairs
that cover the body, and to store pollen.
Proboscis or tongue — a straw-like structure used for sucking nectar or honey.
Pollen basket — a smooth, somewhat concave surface of the outer hind leg that is
fringed with long, curved hairs that hold the pollen in place.
Stinger — found in a chamber at the end of the abdomen (in female honey bees
only) and is used to defend against intruders.
Thorax — the middle section of the honey bee that contains the flight muscles, the
wings and six legs.
Wax gland(s) — four pairs of glands that are specialized parts of the body wall.
During the wax forming period in the life of a worker, they become greatly
thickened and take on a glandular structure. The wax is discharged as a liquid and
hardens to small flakes or scales.
Wing(s) — the honey bee has two sets of flat, thin, membranous wings,
strengthened by various veins. The fore wings are larger than the hind wings.
Theme-Transport and Communication
Our Environment- Sources of fuels.
You all know that the life on earth is sustained by energy from the Sun. Plants and
animals can store energy and some of this energy remains with them when they
die. It is the remains of these animals and plants that make up fossil fuels.
Fossil fuels are non-renewable because they will run out one day. Burning fossil
fuels generates greenhouse gases and relying on them for energy generation is
unsustainable. Renewable or infinite energy sources are sources of power that
quickly replenish themselves and can be used again and again.
Renewable sources are the sources which will never run out. For example –solar
energy and wind energy. Non–renewable sources are the sources which
eventually may run out. For example: coal, oil and gas.
Solar Energy: Energy from the Sun is called solar energy .The Sun is a huge
source of renewable energy. The Sun is the closest star to Earth, only 149.6 million
km (93 million miles) away.
Solar energy is transmitted to Earth through space. Solar energy is then absorbed
by our atmosphere, oceans and plant life.
Sunlight contains electromagnetic energy. This energy can be changed into
electrical energy by photovoltaic cells. These cells are made of a material
called silicon. When this material is exposed to Sunlight an electric current can be
produced. This is how a calculator works. The Sun’s energy can be used to heat
homes, to power cars, weather stations and even satellites.
Wind Turbines
A windmill that produces electricity is called a wind turbine, or a wind energy
converter (WEC). Wind turbines are much larger than windmills, over 39 metres
high. The amount of electricity a turbine can produce depends on the strength of
the wind, and also the size of the blades. If the wind is too strong the turbine has to
shut down.
Wind Farms-A group of wind turbines is called a wind farm.
They are usually found on top of hills, where the wind can
flow freely and is not blocked by trees or buildings.
There must be plenty of space between each turbine to give
the blades room to spin. In some countries, wind farms can
have hundreds of turbines.
There are many advantages to wind power, but there are
a lot of points we need to consider when investigating
the benefits of this source of energy:
Noise is generated from wind turbines.
For some people, wind farms have a negative impact on the view of a landscape.
There are potential local wildlife impacts such as birds being killed by the
blades of the turbine.
The wind is not always predictable. Some days may have a lot of wind and
others may have no wind at all.
Water Energy: Energy from the water is called water energy
The larger the river the more energy can be harnessed, so in
some parts of the world large rivers are used by Hydro Power
Stations to make electricity. In hydroelectric stations, water is
stored in reservoirs or behind dams. Water flows downhill
through large pipes and through the turbines. The falling
water turns the turbines, spins the shaft, and turns the
generator to make electricity.
Tidal Energy:
Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the
energy of tides into electricity.
Every time the tide comes in and goes out electricity can be generated. Tidal power
is a renewable source of energy.
Geothermal Energy : Geothermal energy is the natural heat of the earth.
Step 1 -A deep hole or well is drilled down into
the reservoir of steam or hot fluids.
Step 2 - Cool water is pumped down through a
pipe, where it is heated by the hot fluids.
Step 3 - The steam produced is released at the
surface and used to drive a turbine generator to
make electricity.
Step 4 - The geothermal water (the water from
inside the earth) is then pumped back down the
bore hole to be reheated by earth.
Biomass Energy
Biomass is the name given to all living material - trees, crops, wood, branches,
leaves and animal waste. These all contain stored sunlight in the form of chemical
energy.
Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide. It can be produced in large
generators from shredded plants and animal waste. When these materials start to
break down, biogas collects at the top of the tank. It can then be stored and used
instead of natural gas in cooking and heating. The biggest advantage of biogas is
that unlike natural gas, it will never run out!
• Biomass can also be used to produce fuel for cars and other vehicles. Plant
material is put into large heated tanks called digesters. Inside the tanks,
chemicals are added which change the plant material into an alcohol called
ethanol.
• In Brazil many cars run on ethanol made from sugar cane plants.
• In U.S.A. ethanol produced from corn is added to petrol to reduce pollution.
Non-renewable sources of energy
• The three most common and widely used fossil fuels are coal, natural gas
and oil.
• Fossil fuels are used to generate energy for electricity and heat.
• They are formed by the decomposition of prehistoric animals and plants that
died millions of years ago.
Energy riddles:
I am the energy in things that used to be alive. My energy is stored in trees,
plants, and garbage. You can burn me to make heat and electricity.
I can pollute the air when I am burned.
_
2. I am heat energy from inside the Earth. I heat underground rocks and water.
Sometimes I am buried too deep to use. I am clean energy.
_
3. I am the energy in moving water. Dams can harness my energy. My power can
make electricity. I am clean, cheap energy.
4. I make plants grow and I give you light. I make the wind blow and the rain fall.
Today, it costs a lot to harness my energy. Photovoltaic cells can turn my energy
into electricity.
5. I am the energy in moving air. Some places have a lot of me, others only a little.
Machines with blades capture my energy, turning it into electricity. I don't pollute
the air, but cause noise pollution.
_
6. I look like a shiny black rock. I am a fossil fuel that is buried underground.
I can pollute the air when I am burned to make electricity.
7. I'm a gas with no colour, no taste and no smell. Companies give me a funny
smell so that you can tell if I escape. Companies drill wells to pump me from the
ground. I am the cleanest burning fossil fuel. .
_
B. List down three sources of fuel.
C. Fill in the blanks:
electricity, plastics, vehicles, heat, non- renewable
Fossil fuels are used to generate
and as fuel for
Fossil fuels are called
cannot be made again.
, to
our homes,
. Oil is used in the manufacture of
, because when they run out they
.
D. Imagine what the world would be like if we ran out of fossil fuels! Think of all
the ways your life would be different if this happened. (3 points)
Theme-Air and Water
I. Circle the correct answer:
1. There are four/ five layers in the atmosphere.
2. The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere/troposphere
3. Nitrogen/ Oxygen is present in the maximum quantity in the air.
4. Soluble impurities can be removed by decantation/ distillation.
5. Insoluble impurities can be removed by filtration/ evaporation.
6. Water should be boiled for at least 2 minutes/ 10 minutes to make it suitable for
drinking.
II. Fill in the blanks. Choose the correct word from the box:
Weight, Oxygen, carbon dioxide, polluted, atmosphere, mixture, occupies
1. The blanket of air around the Earth is called
2. Air _______ space and has
.
.____
3. Air is a _____________of gases.
4. A balance of ______ and ______________ is maintained in our nature.
5. We should not breathe _______________ air.
in nature.
5. The air we breathe should not be
.
III. Answer the following:
1. List any three human activities which are polluting the air.
_
2. List any three harmful effects of air pollution.
___
_
_
___
_
_
Purification Methods
Choose a suitable method to separate the following. Fill in the blanks or complete
the sentences to briefly describe the method.
1. To separate red beans from water, the most suitable method is
.
The red beans settle at the bottom of the glass, forming a layer of
.
2. To separate rice from water, the most suitable method is
. By
passing the water with rice through a
, the rice is separated out.
3. To separate water from coffee, the most suitable method is
. The
coffee is boiled to produce steam. The steam then condenses into water upon cooling.
The coffee is
once to separate water from it.
4. To separate the residue from soybean milk, the most suitable method is
. By passing the soybean milk with the residue through a
the
is separated out.
5. To separate water from soybean milk, the most suitable method is
The soybean milk is
to produce steam. The steam then
into water upon
.
6. To separate tea leaves from the tea, the most suitable method is
Theme-Seasons and festivals
Movements of the Earth
Eclipses
2. Identify the given diagram and label the different parts
1. This diagram represents a
because the
_______________ comes between ____________ and the Sun.
2. This happens during which phase of the Moon? ______________
.
_
.
3. It is a “lucky coincidence” that we can observe total solar eclipses on the Earth.
Why
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Delhi Private School, Dubai
Model Test Paper-1
A. Fill in the blanks:
1.
is the hottest and brightest planet in the solar system.
2.
was the first man and
was the first woman to go into space.
3. The planets revolve around the Sun in fixed
4. The asteroid belt is present between
.
orbits.
and
B. Name these:
1. The first Indian satellite to be launched into space.
2. Name which type of artificial satellite will be used in the given
situations:
a. Warning of storms or cyclones.
b. Research of our Solar System.
c. Transmission of TV signals.
C. I) Identify the given diagram and label the parts.
II) The diagram represents _____________because the _______comes in
between _______ and the moon.
.
2. This happens during which ________phase of the Moon.
III) Why is it not dangerous to watch lunar eclipse?
D. I) Identify the organ system and label the parts.
Name of the organ system:
II) Answer the questions below.
1. Where are your lungs located?
2. Your lungs remove_
from your
blood and blood takes
3.
from lungs.
What is the other name of trachea?
E. Study the given diagram and label the given objects:
Label the areas having high tides and the areas having low tides.
A.
B.
C.
1. The cause for high and low tides is
.
2. The effect of Sun’s gravitational pull on ocean water becomes less
because
.
3. Tides occur
a day.
F. a) Draw the diagram of the digestive system and label any 6 parts.
b) Answer the questions:
1. The digested food is absorbed by the blood in the
2.
and
.
secrete juice in the small
intestine.
3. The water from the undigested food is absorbed in the
.
4. Where does the digestion of food begin?
5. The juice that is produced in the mouth is called
.
6. The undigested food is thrown out of the body through the
G. Give reasons why :(any 5)
1. Moon’s surface is covered with craters, but Earth’s surface has very few
craters.
2. The sky on the Earth is blue.
3. We see different shapes of the Moon every night.
4. When we have a blocked nose or a cold, the food does not taste as good.
.
5. Life exists on Earth.
6. The digestive, respiratory and the circulatory systems are said to be related.
H. Answer the following questions : (any 2)
1. Give one difference between arteries and veins.
2. The planets move in their fixed orbits. Why?
3. Prove that cells are the structural unit of living things.
I. Make a flow chart using the words given in the box:
Universe, Satellites, Milky Way, planets, Sun, Solar System
Delhi Private School, Dubai
Answer key-1
A. Fill in the blanks:
1. Venus is the hottest and brightest planet in the solar system.
2. Neil Armstrong was the first man and Valentina Tereshkova was the
first woman to go into space.
3. The planets revolve around the Sun in fixed elliptical orbits.
4. The asteroid belt is present between Mars and Jupiter.
B. Name these:
a. The first Indian satellite to be launched into space. Aryabhatta
b. Name which type of artificial satellite will be used in the given
situations:
i. Warning of storms or cyclones. Weather
ii. Research of our Solar System. Research/Astronomy
iii. Transmission of TV signals. Communication
C. I) Identify the given diagram and label the parts.
Sun.Earth,Moon,shadow of the Earth
44
II) 1. This diagram represents a Lunar Eclipse because the Earth comes in
between the Sun and the Moon.
2. This happens during which phase of the Moon. Full Moon
III) Why is it not dangerous to watch?
It is not dangerous to watch because the Moon does not have light of its own and
reflects the Sun’s light.
D. I) Identify the organ system and label the parts.
Name of the organ system: Respiratory System
Nose, trachea, bronchus, lung
II) Answer the questions below.
1. Where are your lungs located? Chest
2. Your lungs remove carbon dioxide from your blood and blood takes oxygen
from lungs.
3.
What is the other name of trachea? Wind pipe
E. Study the given diagram and label the given objects:
Label the areas having high tides and the areas having low tides.
A.Sun
B.
Earth
Low tide
High
C. Moon
High
Low
1. The cause for high and low tides is the gravitational pull of the Moon.
2. The effect of Sun’s gravitational pull on ocean water becomes less
because it is much farther away than the Moon.
3. Tides occur twice a day.
F. a) Draw the diagram of the digestive system and label any 6 parts.
G. b) Answer the questions:
1. The digested food is absorbed by the blood in the small intestine.
45
2. Liver and pancreas secrete juice in the small intestine.
3. The water from the undigested food is absorbed in the large intestine.
4. Where does the digestion of food begin? mouth
5. The juice that is produced in the mouth is called saliva.
6. The undigested food is thrown out of the body through the anus.
H. Give reasons why :(any 5)
1. Moon’s surface is covered with craters, but Earth’s surface has very few
craters.
Earth has atmosphere so when the meteorites enter the atmosphere they burn off
due to friction with air and become smaller in size by the time they hit the Earth’s
surface. The Moon has less gravity; this is the reason why there is no atmosphere.
2. The sky on the Earth is blue.
Sunlight is made up of all the colors of the rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, and violet. The gas molecules in the atmosphere interact with the Sunlight
before the light reaches our eyes.
The gas molecules in the atmosphere scatter the higher-energy blue portion of
the Sunlight more than they scatter the lower-energy red portion of the Sunlight.
The Sun appears reddish-yellow and the sky surrounding the Sun is colored by
the scattered blue waves.
3. We see different shapes of the Moon every night.
We can see the Moon in the sky because it reflects the light of the Sun. As the
Moon orbits the Earth, different areas of it reflect light to us on different days.
So the Moon appears to change it shape every day.
4. When we have a blocked nose or a cold, the food does not taste as good.
The receptors for smell are present at the back of the nose. The sense of
smell and tastes are linked.
5. Life exists on Earth.
46
a. The atmosphere maintains the temperature so that the Earth is neither too
hot nor too cold.
b. The atmosphere has oxygen which is needed by all living things.
c. It has ozone which stops the UV rays of the Sun from reaching the Earth.
6. The digestive, respiratory and the circulatory systems are said to be related.
The digested food and oxygen is taken by blood to all the cells of the body
where food combines with oxygen to give energy.
I. Answer the following questions : (any 2)
1. Give one difference between arteries and veins.
Arteries
Arteries carry blood away from the
heart to the other parts of the body.
Veins
Veins carry the blood back from the
other areas of the body to the heart.
Arteries also have thicker walls as the
blood pressure is much higher having
a closer proximity to the heart.
They have thinner walls when
compared to arteries.
2. The planets move in their fixed orbits. Why?
The gravitational pull of the planets and the Sun keep them in fixed orbit.
3. Prove that cells are the structural unit of living things.
All living things are made up of cells which combine to form tissues
which form organs which forms organ systems and finally the organism.
47
J. Make a flow chart using the words given in the box:
Universe
Milky Way
Solar System
Sun
planets
Satellites
Delhi Private School, Dubai
Model test Paper-2
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. The baby plant gets its food from
2.
,
and
stages in the life cycle of a plant.
3. The digested food is absorbed by the blood in the
4.
_ and
_.
are the different
.
secrete juice in the small
intestine.
5. The water from the undigested food is absorbed in the
6. The undigested food is thrown out of the body through the
7. Lack of
in our diet makes the bones weak.
II. Name these:
a. A diet containing all the nutrients in the right quantity.
b. The juice that is produced in the mouth.
48
.
.
c. Two nutrients that provide us with energy are ____ and
______
d. This nutrient is needed for muscle building and for repairing worn out
tissues.
e. A muscular organ that pumps blood.
V.
Circle the odd one:
1. Sugar, fruits, eggs, potato
2. Fish, milk, eggs, rice
3. Fruits, butter, oil, cheese
4. Arteries, veins, nerves, capillaries
5. Liver, oesophagus, pancreas, salivary glands
6. Carrot, sweet potato, potato, radish
VI.
Identify the plant and write the type of vegetative propagation.
Specimen
Name the
plant
Type of
propagation
VII. Complete the table on deficiency diseases:
49
Another
Example
S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Nutrient
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Iron
Iodine
Deficiency Diseases
One Preventive food
VIII. Categorize the given seeds/fruits based on the method of dispersal.
Coconut, dandelion, maple, cherry, pea, cocklebur, mangrove, bean
Wind
IX.
1.
2.
3.
4.
X.
water
Animals
Explosion
Give at least two reasons why :(any 3)
Blood is needed by all the parts of a body.
Gardeners find vegetative propagation useful.
Water does not contain any nutrients but still it is essential for us.
Salt and sugar are used for food preservation.
Answer the following questions : (any 3)
1. What would happen if all the seeds from a parent plant were to fall beneath
it?
2. How does water help in seed germination?
3. What is hydroponic farming?
4. What is food preservation? Mention any 2 methods to preserve food.
XI.
Draw and label the parts of a closed and split bean.
XII. Draw and label the parts of the respiratory system.
XIII. A.
Differentiate between arteries and veins.( any 2) What are
capillaries?
50
OR
XIV. B.
Think and answer. Prove that cells are the structural and
functional unit of all living things. Explain in detail.(At least 3 lines)
Delhi Private School, Dubai
Answer key-2
General Science
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. The baby plant gets its food from cotyledons.
2. Germination, growth and reproduction are the different stages in the life cycle
of a plant.
3. The digested food is absorbed by the blood in the small intestine.
4. Pancreas and liver secrete juice in the small intestine.
5. The water from the undigested food is absorbed in the large intestine.
6. The undigested food is thrown out of the body through the anus.
7. Lack of calcium in our diet makes the bones weak.
II. Name these:
1. A diet containing all the nutrients in the right quantity. balanced diet
2. The juice that is produced in the mouth. saliva
3. Two nutrients that provide us with energy .carbohydrate and fat
51
4. This nutrient is needed for muscle building and for repairing worn out
tissues. protein
5. A muscular organ that pumps blood. heart
III. Circle the odd one:
1. Sugar, fruits, eggs, potato
2. Fish, milk, eggs, rice
3. Fruits, butter, oil, cheese
4. Arteries, veins, nerves, capillaries
5. Liver, oesophagus, pancreas, salivary glands
6. Carrot, sweet potato, potato, radish
IV. Identify the plant and write the type of vegetative propagation.
Specimen
Name the plant
Type of propagation
onion
Bulb(underground
stem)
mushroom
spores
fern
strawberry
runner
grass
Sweet potato
root
dahlia
V. Complete the table on deficiency diseases:
52
Another
Example
tulip
S.No.
1
Nutrient
Vitamin A
Deficiency Diseases One Preventive food
Night blindness
Carrots, papaya, mango, green leafy
vegetables
Beriberi
Cereals, milk, meat, fish, eggs, nuts,
Scurvy
Citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables,
cabbage, amla
2
3
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
4
Vitamin D
Rickets
5
6
Iron
Iodine
Anaemia
Goitre
Milk, fish, meat, cod liver oil,
Sunlight, butter, egg
Apple, banana, spinach, meat
Iodized salt, shrimp
VI. Categorize the given seeds/fruits based on the method of dispersal.
Coconut, dandelion, maple, cherry, pea, cocklebur, mangrove, bean
Wind
water
Animals
Explosion
dandelion
Coconut
cherry
pea
maple
mangrove
cocklebur
bean
VII. Give at least two reasons why :(any 3)
1.
Blood is needed by all the parts of a body because it carries food and oxygen
to all the parts of the body.
2.
Gardeners find vegetative propagation useful as
a. It is faster.
b. Identical off springs are produced so the advantageous traits can be
preserved. Only one parent is required which eliminates the need for
pollination.
c. Helps to tide over unfavourable conditions.
3.
Water does not contain any nutrients but still it is essential for us as it helps in
most of the metabolic processes. We lose a lot of water during breathing,
perspiration and urination.
53
4.
Salt and sugar are used for food preservation. Food that has been treated with
salt or sugar to preserve it will not usually have enough water available at the
surface to allow the multiplication of any microbes that land on it. The
microbes may, in fact, die from dehydration, as water is removed from them.
VIII. Answer the following questions: (any 3)
1. What would happen if all the seeds from a parent plant were to fall beneath it?
If the seeds are not dispersed, they would just fall next to the parent plant. This
means they would be constantly fighting for enough water, light and nutrients.
2. How does water help in seed germination?
Water helps to break the seed coat. It also makes the food soluble which helps the
baby plant to get food and thus start growing.
3. What is hydroponic farming?
Hydroponic agriculture involves growing plants in water enriched with nutrients, or
in an inert medium like gravel or rock wool, through which nutrient-enriched water
passes.
4. What is food preservation? Mention any 2 methods to preserve food.
The process of preventing food from being spoilt by germs is known as
preservation of food. Example- canning, dehydration
IX. Draw and label the parts of a closed and split bean.
54
Closed bean
Split bean
X. Draw and label the parts of the respiratory system.
XI. A. Differentiate between arteries and veins. ( any 2) What are
capillaries?
Arteries
Arteries carry blood away from the
heart to the other parts of the body.
55
Veins
Veins carry the blood back from the
other areas of the body to the heart.
Arteries have thicker walls as the
blood pressure is much higher having
a closer proximity to the heart.
They have thinner walls when
compared to arteries.
Arteries mostly carry oxygenated
Veins mostly carry deoxygenated (do
blood(contains oxygen) from the heart not contain) blood from the body to
to the body
the heart.
Capillaries are the smallest of the blood vessels and serve as the connection
between the arterial and venal systems.
OR
XI. B.
Think and answer. Prove that cells are the structural and
functional unit of all living things. Explain in detail.(At least 3 lines)
All living things are made up of cells which combine to form tissues.
Many tissues with similar functions form organs which forms organ
systems and finally the organism. In unicellular organisms all the life
processes are carried out in the single cell.
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism