Download Dynastic Rule in China - Alvarado Intermediate School

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History of
Medieval China
Qin Dynasty
 221 B.C., the First Emperor united China under the Qin “chin”
dynasty – hence the name, China.
 Built the Great Wall to protect empire from northern nomads.
 Standardized Chinese script, coins, weights, and measures.
Han Dynasty
202 B.C. - A.D. 220
 Unified northern and southern China
 Called China “Zhao Guo” or “The Middle Kingdom” because
China was the center of the “civilized” world
 Emperor was called the “Son of Heaven”; this divine choice
was known as the “Mandate of Heaven”
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Six Dynasties
from
A.D. 220 - 589
 A period of chaos and division
 China broke apart into separate kingdoms
 Nomadic invaders ruled the north
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Sui Dynasty
“sway ”
1. How did this dynasty rise to power?
 In 589, Yang Jian conquered Chen kingdom and unified
China for first time in 400 years
 Jian founded Sui Dynasty at Chang’an and became
emperor; was later called Wen Di
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2. How did this dynasty govern China?
 Emperors Wen Di& Yang Di are remembered as harsh rule
 Forced many peasants to fight in army or to work on public
works projects
The Great Wall of China
 Rebuilding of Great Wall provided security from northern
raiders.
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raiders.
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3. What belief systems did this dynasty encourage?
 Wen Di, though himself a Buddhist, encouraged practice of
Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism.
4. How did this dynasty affect daily life in China?
 Grand Canal promoted domestic trade by connecting Yellow
and rivers
 Rebuilding of Great Wall provided security from northern
raiders
5. List 2 ways this dynasty helped unite China
 Undertook extensive public works projects
 extended military control over large stretches of China
The Grand Canal
 Grand Canal promoted domestic trade by connecting Yellow
and Yangtze rivers.
Tang Dynasty
“tahng ”
1. How did this dynasty rise to power?
 In 618, Li Shi Min captured Chang’an and Lou Yang
 Li Shi min named himself Emperor Dai Zong in 626
2. How did this dynasty govern China?
 Wu Zhao is China’s only empress
 Tang ruled one of the largest empires in Chinese history
 Gov. composed of depts., each with its own area.
 Bureaucrats upheld Confucian ideals by acting as artists and
politicians
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3. What belief systems did this dynasty encourage?
 Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism flourished
 Buddhism was repressed under Emperor Wu Zong
4. How did this dynasty affect daily life in China?
 Equal field system limited power of rural aristocracy
 Scholar class became ruling elite
 Land reform gave some peasants chance to gain wealth
5. List two ways this dynasty helped unite China
 Emperors directly controlled the army
 extended military control over large stretches of China
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 Emperors directly controlled the army
 extended military control over large stretches of China
Sung
Dynasty
“soong ”
1. How did this dynasty rise to power?
 Tai Zu emerged after 50 yrs. civil war to found Song Dynasty
at Kaifeng
2. How did this dynasty govern China?
 Mongolians & Manchurians harassed China’s northern
borders for 200 years
 Song royal family forced by Jurchen to establish a new
capital at Hangzhou
 Govt. officials came from southern China, north was under
foreign rule
 Bureaucrats selected according to scored on civil-service
exams
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3. What belief systems did this dynasty encourage?
 Chan Buddhism became popular
4. How did this dynasty affect daily life in China?
 Equal field system limited power of rural aristocracy
 Scholar class became ruling elite
 Land reform gave some peasants chance to gain wealth
5. List two ways this dynasty helped unite China
 Emperors directly controlled the army
 extended military control over large stretches of China
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Song Dynasty
Sung Dynasty
“soong ”
 Cambodian strain of rice allowed Chinese farmers to double
output.
 Technological advances produced new products.
Yuan
Dynasty
“yoo-EN”
Yuan Dynasty
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Yuan Dynasty
“yoo-EN”
 3. What belief systems did this dynasty encourage?
 Kublai Khan retained shamanism
 Chinese belief’s largely unaffected by Yuan rule
 Kublai Khan encouraged number of Buddhist monasteries
increased
 4. How did this dynasty affect daily life in China?
 Yuan dynasty’s bloody wars of conquest led to the
destruction of farmland.
 Kublai Khan maintained China’s roads and canals,but later
emperors let them deteriorate.
 5. List two ways this dynasty helped unite China?
 Retained civil-service but staffed with foreigners
 Allowed Chinese beliefs systems to co-exist with Mongol
shamanism.
Ming Dynasty
 1. How did this dynasty rise to power?
 Chinese took advantage of chaos of late Yuan rule to rebel
against Mongols
 Rebel leader and founder of Ming Dynasty, Hong Wu,
named his dynasty “brilliant”
 2. How did this dynasty govern China?
 Reintroduced the Civil-Service Exam
 Emperors extremely powerful , often ruled as despots
 brief period of overseas exploration although late Ming
emperors prohibited foreign trade
Ming Dynasty
 3. What belief systems did this dynasty encourage?
 Rebirth of adherence to Confucianism
 Many Chinese combined belief in Daoism, Confucianism,
and Buddhism.
 4. How did this dynasty affect daily life in China?
 Rebuilt bridges, canals, roads, temples, shrines and the
walls of 500 cities.
 Heavy taxation and careless government produced peasant
rebellion and civil war
 5. List two ways this dynasty helped unite China?
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 5. List two ways this dynasty helped unite China?
 Secured borders of China to prevent foreign invasion.
 Rebuilt bridges, canals, roads, temples, and shrines.
Treasure Ships
 Brief period of overseas exploration.
 Later Ming emperors prohibited foreign trade.
Ming Dynasty
Forbidden City
Legend of Mulan
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