Download Biology Honors

Biology Honors
Final Review
Bring the following materials to the test:
2 #2 pencils
White-out
Pen
Text book
Reading/Studying material
Date and Time
Block 1: Wednesday, June 18th, 10:30-12:30. Block 4: Tuesday, June 17th, 8:00-10:00
Chapters and concepts on the test
Chapter 8:
Chromosome: Structure and Organization
Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes
Diploid v. Haploid
The Cell Cycle
Mitsosis
Meiosis
Compare/Contrast
Chapter 9
Mendel and his pea plant experiments
Self-pollination vs. cross-pollination
P, F1, F2 generations
Mendel’s conclusions
Principle of dominance
Law of segregation
Law of independent assortment
Genetic crosses – Punnett squares
Phenotype vs. Genotype
Homozygous vs. Heterozygous
Probability
Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses
Alternate patterns of inheritance
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
Chapter 12
Chromosomes and inheritance in humans
Sex determination
Sex-linked inheritance
Linkage groups and chromosome mapping
Mutations
Chromosome mutations (4 types)
Gene mutations – Point vs. frameshift mutations
Human inheritance patterns and disorders
Pedigree charts
Human genetic disorders (several)
Chapter 10
Structure of DNA
Shape
Replication
Structure of RNA
RNA vs. DNA
Types and functions
Transcription – DNA  mRNA
Translation – RNA  protein
Chapter 13
DNA technology and manipulating genes
Restriction enzymes
Cloning vectors
Making recombinant DNA
Procedure
Purposes
DNA Technology techniques
DNA fingerprinting
Gel electrophoresis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gene Therapy
Human Genome Project
Practical uses for DNA technology
Human growth hormone and Insulin
Cloning
Stem cell research
Chapter 14
Origins of Life
Experiments done by Redi, Spallanzani, Pasteur, Oparin, Miller&Urey
Formation of Earth***
Early Earth’s atmosphere***
Dating techniques
Radioactive (Radiometric) and half-life
Relative
Formation of first organic compounds – Oparin, Miller and Urey***
Microspheres and coacervates***
First life forms and origins of heredity***
Role of RNA in formation of life***
Succession of life starting with prokaryotes***
Endosymbiosis***
Chapter 15
The fossil record
Types
Distribution
Evidence
Theories of evolution
Lamarck and acquired characteristics
Darwin
His trip to the Galapagos
His theories of descent with modification, natural selection
Evidence for evolution
Homologous structures
Analogous structures
Vestigial structures
Embryology
DNA
Coevolution, Convergent evolution, Divergent evolution
Chapter 16
Population genetics and variation
Bell curve
Gene pool and allele frequency – calculations
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium – 5 statements and calculations, equations
Disrupting genetic Equilibrium
Mutation
Migration
Genetic drift
Nonrandom mating
Natural selection – 3 types
Stabilizing, directional and disruptive – examples and graphs
Speciation
Isolation
Rates
The Systems – Organs and Functions of each
The digestive system – section 48-1 and 48-2
The Circulatory system – Section 46-1