Download Regional Workshop on Planning for the Global Environmental and

Situational Analysis and Needs Assessment:
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH,
AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN ETHIOPIA
Establishing a GEOHealth Hub for East Africa
School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia &
University of Southern California, USA
Regional Workshop on Planning for the Global Environmental and
Occupational Health (GEOHealth)
Kampala 22 April 2015
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Outline
• Purpose
• Methods
• Key Findings
• Conclusions
• Recommendations
• Future actions
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Major events
• Contact Established through MOU (July 2011): USC & AAU
• Dec 2011 announcement RFA-TW-12-001
• Grant application March 2012: Paired Wise
• Two years Planning grant: Sept 2012-Aug 2013; Sept 2013-Aug 2014
• Year I: Ethiopia’s SANA: Launching and inception meetings; National
workshops
• Year II: Mini SANA East Africa
• Regional workshop in Addis Ababa July 31 /2014
• 3rd Year Sept 14- Aug 2015: Supplementary Grant
• Nov 11_Grant application for the GEOHealth Hub
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Partnership for the Planning Grant: the cornerstone
Multi - desciplinarity in nature
Service providers
• Organizations: FMOH, FEPA, FMOLSA
Knowledge generators
• NGOs: PANA
• Addis Ababa University: Horn of Africa, Inst of Environment and
Development
• Professionals-Experts: 12 individuals (5 from USC and 7 from AAU
(SPH+Horn of Africa+Inst of Env’t and Development)
Launching meeting - 20 Nov 2012
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Regional Workshop participants: July 31/2014
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Objectives of SANA_GEOHealth-Ethiopia
• What is the Existing situation?
• What are the gaps? Challenges?
• What are the needs?
• What can be suggested that Academia can do Vs needs
• Air pollution
• Climate Change and Health
• Occupational Safety and Health
• Policy and Organizational structure? Context?
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Methods
Situational Analysis
• By large literature review (published)
• Gray literature: Reports review (gov’t,
unpublished)
Needs Assessment
• Situational analysis synthesis outcome
• In-depth interviews with key informants
• Face to face discussion with experts,
authorities: MOLSA, BOLSA, EPA, NMA
• Visits of enterprises (Textile, leather, Paint,
printing press, Metal)
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1. Findings - OSH
Work places
• Agriculture
• Large and medium scale
manufacturing
• Small Scale enterprise
• Informal sector
• Two types of work forces
• Proc No 377/2003: “2.1 mln”
• Proc No. 515/2007: 1.1 mln
Hazards/exposures
• Physical hazards: dust, noise,
heat, vibration, illumination, etc
• Chemical haz: pesticides, heavy
metals (Lead, )
• Ergonomics
• Biological
• KAP
Determinants/ Factors
• Work place factors
• Individual/ subject factors
• Institutional factors
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Gaps and Needs - Summary
Areas of concern
Needs
Research
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Training
Capacity building
Research directions; priorities;
Multi-site researches
Optimum coverage Vs Biased studies
Emerging industries
On-job training (in-service)
Short-term trainings
Post (BSc) training
Access to basic instruments
Focused training on this instruments
Provision of basic lab
Inspection and data base
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Policy and regulation
Organizational issues
M & E of key
indicators
• Enterprise level
• Enforcing provisions/ System
establishment
• Human resource development plan
• Trained man power
• Structural inefficiency
• Establishing Key indicators?
• Monitoring them?
• Sustainable Data base
• A system for dissemination
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2. Findings - Air Pollution and Health in Ethiopia
Indoor air pollution
• Increased exposure
• Limited studies on exposure and
links with health effect
Exposure factors:
• Biomass fuel
• Poorly managed housing (space)
• HH behavior
• Ecology
• Education
• Gender equity
Ambient/ traffic air pollution
• Increased exposure due to
vehicles: Diesel Vs petrol
Factors
• Increasing number of vehicles
• Volume of vehicles per road
• Road infrastructure
• Limited policy influence on
aged vehicles
• Proximity living
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Major Gaps and Needs on Air Pollution
• Organizational structure lacks:
• Focus on Air Pollution
• Coordination mechanism among key stakeholders
• There is paucity of evidence/research
• No strategic direction, priority research agenda, and established Key
pollutants set on Air Pollution;
• No basic, reference laboratories, research centers & facilities
• Training centers on Air Pollution not available
• Skill gaps on monitoring, data analysis
• On-the-job-training, short-term and long-term training are limited
• No regular Monitoring on AQ (Ambient/Indoor environs) on identified key
indicators of AP
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3. Findings – Climate change and health
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Findings – Climate change and health
• Agriculture
• Water
• Energy
• Industry
• Transport
• Education
• Health
Climate-sensitive diseases/ Hazards
• Vector-borne diseases: malaria,
trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis,
Leshmaniasis
• Soil-transmitted Helminthiases (STHs)
• Water-borne diseases:
schistosomiasis, diarrhoeal disease
• Meningitis
• Zoonotic diseases
• Air Pollution
• Nutrition and related impact
• Extreme Events
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Gap analysis - Climate Change & Health
Organizational
gaps
Training gaps
Research Gaps
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Structural anomalies
Coordination
Ownership diffused
inadequately trained in the specific relevant
techniques
• Lack of training on special skill development
• lack proper awareness and knowledge
• In adequate research
• Limited or no research capacity
• Basic lab
• No Data base
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Gaps cont’d Climate
Institutional capacity
Policy capacity
M&E
• Lack of technology
• No fitted human resource
• Climate change and health
linkage
• Identified key indicators
• Measurement
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4. Policy and Organizational frameworks
• The current policies and regulations in general seem OK
Gaps
• Duplication of efforts (MOH, EPA)
• Linkage between policy/ regulation and system in enforcement,
practice/ implementing/ ensuring provisions
• Structural competency (M & E, lab, human resources, research)
• Public awareness
• Limited resources (logistics and finance)
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Conclusion: Areas of concern
Sustaining and actively
• Harmonizing Policy and regulations Vs structure
• Capacity building
• Research on priority area
• Training needs
•M & E
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Recommendations
• Improving Linkage between Academia and service
and production rendering Organizations
• Establish the driving Engine Vs Hub
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Progressing activities: SANA-GEOHealth
Outputs for GEOHealth
1. Disseminations: Four major workshops
2. Printing SANA-GEOHealth
3. Publications: the focused Themes
4. Planning MOU with service
providers/sectors
Website of GEOHealth: http://eastafrica.geohealthhub.org/
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GEOHealth Retreat: Writing Review Manuscripts
Nazreth (Adama) 26-28 Dec 2014
Thank You
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