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Unit 7 Mesopotamia VISUAL VOCABULARY FERTILE CRESCENT A large arc of fertile farmland surrounded by the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers SILT A mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks that’s good for growing crops IRRIGATION A man-made way of supplying water to an area of land SURPLUS Producing more than needed DIVISION OF LABOR Dividing complex work into specialized, repetitive tasks. CITY-STATE Consisting of a city and all the countryside around it EMPIRE Land with different territories and people under single rule POLYTHEISM The worship of many gods PRIEST People who perform religion ceremonies SOCIAL HIERARCHY The division of society by rank and class CUNEIFORM The world’s first system of writing using wedgeshaped marks PICTOGRAPHS Picture symbols SCRIBE Ancient writers who wrote books and kept records EPICS Long poems that told the stories of heroes ZIGGURAT An ancient religious temple that resembles a pyramid MONARCH The ruler of a kingdom or empire HAMMURABI’S CODE Was the set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life