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Unit 5D Worksheet **Dr. Krumhardt’s section only 1) Functions of the Kidney are to __________toxins, _____________wastes, and excess _____ to urine, and also to maintain ______________by regulating ___________and _______ makeup of the blood. There are 3 processes for making urine, _____________, ____________, and_______________. **2) The kidneys location is referred to as____________________. And the __________is the location where the__________, renal blood vessels___________, and nerves ______and exit. **3) In internal kidney anatomy the light colored granular __________region is referred to as the ________, while the tubular _________region is referred to as the __________which contains ______________which are the parallel bundles of urine-____________ and _____________ tubules that drain urine through the papillae to the __________(calyx) which drain into the renal _________to the ___________to the urinary ___________and finally through the _____________to outside the body. 4) The structural and ____________units of kidney are the_________, and the blood is ____________in the renal ___________which is made up of the _______________and the glomerulus_____________, also referred to as the _____________ capsule. 5) The renal or _____________corpuscle has two layers, the external __________layer which is composed of simple ___________epithelium which is the_________, and the ________layer which is modified simple _____________epithelium, with branching epithelial _____________ with filtration ___________that have openings between foot processes of podocytes allow filtrate to pass through the ______________endothelium, which is ____________endothelium which filters blood and allows soluterich and virtually _________-free filtrate to pass from __________into glomerular capsule_____________. 6) Proximal Convoluted Tubule Tissue type _________ epithelium numerous _________ and _____________ reabsorbs secretes all nutrients water glucose amino acids ions-Na+ water solutes Loop of Henle Descending Ascending Tissue type Tissue type Thick segment __________ to Thin segment simple __________ epithelium Thin segment simple __________ epithelium to Thick segment ________ to columnar epithelium reabsorbs water NaCl secretes water solutes reabsorbs water sodium Distal Convoluted Tubule Tissue type _________ with or without ___________ Collecting Tubules Intercalated Cells Principal Cells Tissue type Tissue type __________ with __________ __________ without ___________ Function secretes reabsorbs LESS secretes MORE water sodium Water under influence of aldosterone K+ H+ Function reabsorbs/secretes reabsorbs/secretes in body’s acid and base pH balance helps maintain body’s water and salt balance ADH used here 7) There are two nephron types, majority being the ________nephrons located mostly in ______ which produce _______urine, while the _______________nephrons have their glomerulus located near __________-___________junction and their Loops of_______ dip deeply into _________ with extensive thin segments and produce ________________urine. 8) Every nephron has two capillary beds, the ___________and ______________capillaries. Each glomerulus is fed by an _____________arteriole and then drained by an __________arteriole which are ___________than the afferent. The afferent are _________to accommodate the ________blood pressure so fluids and solutes are _______from blood through the________. 9) Peritubular capillary beds are under______-pressure and are _________capillaries adapted for _______________they arise from ___________arterioles, cling to adjacent renal ___________ and empty into renal ______________system. 10) Filtrate contains no ________ but does contain all __________components except_________. Water, ___________, and essential _________are reabsorbed as filtrate and become _________ which contains water, ______________wastes, and unneeded substances. 11) Ureters have a ____________wall of _______________epithelial mucosa, _________muscle muscularis and fibrous connective tissue___________. The ureters actively propel urine to bladder via ____________at intervals of 3 to 4 minutes. Ureters enter bladder base through the _____________wall and their ___________ends close as bladder pressure ___________which prevents ____________of urine into ureters. 12) At the base of the urinary bladder is where the ___________is located, which is a ________ area outlined by the openings for ________ and ___________, this is clinically important because ______________tend to persist here when the bladder does not __________-completely. 13) Bladder wall is composed of ________________epithelial mucosa, which is shed into the ___________when there is urinary tract_____________. The ___________muscle is thick ____________muscle layer which _____________when you urinate forcefully and fibrous ____________. 14) Internal urethral sphincter is ___________muscle under _______________control and is located at bladder-____________ junction. The external urethral sphincter is __________muscle under __________ control, this sphincter ___________the urethra as it passes through _______ diaphragm. The __________ ______muscle of pelvic floor is the second _____________urethral sphincter. 15) In the male urethra the prostatic urethra runs within ______________gland, the _________ urethra runs through urogenital diaphragm, and the _____________ penile urethra passes through the ___________and opens via external urethral orifice. 16) The kidneys develop from ________________as ureteric buds and in pouching of _______ forms the______________. Courtesy: mbmadsen