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INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC PLANT IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH
WATER PUMP CONTROL BASED ON SOIL MOISTER CONDITION
ABSTRACT:
Irrigation is the key to a successful garden. Long gone are the days of manual watering or
relying on a friend to water when you are on vacation or away on business. The Project presented
here waters your plants regularly when you are out for vocation. The circuit comprises sensor parts
built using op-amp IC LM324. Op-amp is configured here as a comparator. Two stiff copper wires
are inserted in the soil to sense the whether the Soil is wet or dry.
The comparator monitors the sensors and when sensors sense the dry condition then the project
will switch on the motor and it will switch off the motor when the sensors are in wet. The
comparator does the above job it receives the signals from the sensors.
A transistor is used to drive the relay during the soil wet condition. 5V double pole – double
through relay is used to control the water pump. LED indication is provided for visual identification
of the relay / load status. A switching diode is connected across the relay to neutralize the reverse
EMF.
This project works with 5V regulated power supply. Power on LED is connected for visual
identification of power status.
This project uses regulated 5V, 750mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator
is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac of secondary
of 230/18V step down transformer.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Soil dry wet
sensor
LM324
comparator
Transistor
driver
circuit
LED display
Reference
voltage
AC input
Relay
Water
pump
POWER SUPPLY:
Step down
T/F
Bridge
rectifier
Filter
Voltage
regulator
Power supply to all sections
ADVANTAGES:
1. Studies show that drip irrigation systems use 30 - 50% less water than conventional watering
methods, such as sprinklers. So, by using automatic plant irrigation system we can save water.
2. Smaller amounts of water applied over a longer amount of time provide ideal growing
conditions. Drip irrigation extends watering times for plants, and prevents soil erosion and
nutrient runoff. Also, because the flow is continuous, water penetrates deeply into the soil to get
well down into the root zone.
3. Water is delivered where it is needed.
4. Setting and moving sprinklers are not required. A timer delay as per environment can be added
to the system for automatic watering.
5. There is no need to go to fields in the nights to switch on the motor.
6. A drip irrigation system can be modified easily to adjust to the changing needs of a garden or
lawn. It is an adaptable method.
7. Pollution can be reduced because of more number of plants; we can save our Environment
from pollution.
8. We can have rains at right time due to the improvement of plants.
Start by drawing a map of your garden and yard, showing the location of plantings. Measure the
distances required for lengths of hose or plastic tubing to reach the desired areas. With a
numerous fields of application and various advantages of the system has made it one of the major
option available for the farmers.
The increasing interest in this area of research may bring about more and more consumer
efficient system. Water scarcity the major problem is well handled by the system.
APPLICATIONS:
1. By using this project in real time applications we can reduce the wastage of power.
2. No need of human effort to switch ON or OFF the water pump.
3. We used this application in summer seasons by reduce the wastage of water .