Download Human Growth Study Guide Test 1

Human Growth Study Guide Test 1
1. The term teratogen refers to which of the following:
-a toxic agent of any kind that can cause abnormalities in the developing embryo/fetus
-a drug (legal or illegal) that can cause abnormalities in the developing embryo/fetus
-an environmental pollutant that potentially cause abnormalities in the developing embryo/fetus
2. How many pairs of chromosomes are in a human cell?
-46
-23
-92
-12
3. A person who studies the processes involved in human development is call a?
-pediatrician -developmental psychologists
-pediatric nurse
-school psychologist
4. Which of the following disorders is not associated with mental retardation?
-cystic fibrosis
-Down Syndrome
-Fragile X syndrome -Prader-Willi Syndrome
5. Which of the following approaches was that used by Sigmund Freud?
-Psychosexual approach
-psychodynamic approach -evolutionary approach
-behavioral approach
6. What disorder is caused by the abnormal shape of red blood cells?
-Tay-Sachs disease -PKU
-sickle-cell anemia -cystic fibrosis
7. The fetal period of development occurs during which of the following?
-9 through 38 weeks -39 through 52 weeks
-2 through 8 weeks
-conception through 2 weeks
8. Which of the following is not one of the bases of DNA?
-thymine
-nucleases
-adenine
cytosine
9. The study of patterns of animal behavior that is guided by instinct, is referred to as?
-ethology
-development
-biology
learning
10. Which of the following aspects of the newborn’s functioning is NOT assessed in the Brazelton Neonatal
Behavioral Assessment Scale?
-eating -sleeping and waking
-moving
-responding to sound
11. A mother and a father have four children (biological not adopted). All four children have blue eyes. Which
of the following statements must be true?
-both parents have blue eyes
-each parent has brown eyes, but also has a recessive gene for blue eyes
-one parent has blue eyes, and other has brown eyes, with a recessive gene for blue eyes
-both parents have brown eyes, but only one has a recessive gene for blue eyes
12. The use of a word, picture, gesture, or other sign to represent past and present events, experiences, and
concepts is evidence of?
-adaptation -deferred imitation
-symbolic representation -habituation
13. The view that by observing the behavior of others and the resulting consequences can influence our own
behavior is known as?
-classical conditioning
-operant conditioning
-epigenetic principle -social learning theory
14. According to Erik Erikson, there are _________ stages of human development.
-3
-8
-6
-2
15. When developmental researchers consider periods of development arranged according to age, they are
taking which type of approach?
-transitional
-chronological
-traditional
-critical
16. Which of the following substances when used by pregnant women has NOT been associated with fetal
abnormalities?
-tobacco
-alcohol
-cocaine
-all are associated with fetal abnormalities
17. Growth in height would be an example of?
-maturation -assimilation -accommodation
-enculturation
18. Tom and Forrest are dizygotic twins. Therefore, they:
-come from different environments -share the same genotype
-are no more alike than any other two
siblings
-resulted from the division of a single fertilized ovum
19. According to Freud, the part of the human mind concerned with following the rules of society and may
experience feelings of guilt when one violates social norms:
-id
-superego
-ego
libido
20. Defects in the sex chromosomes may involve any of the following except:
-the presence of autosomes
-the absence or inactivity of a chromosome -chromosomal breakage
-the presence of extra chromosomes
21. The sickle-cell trait is an example of:
-dominance -incomplete dominance
-codominance
-recessive alleles
22. A high school student who sucks his or her thumb when stressed is an example of?
-Bandura’s notion of social learning
-Freud’s notion of a fixation -Piaget’s notion of accommodation
-Darwin’s notion of natural selection
23. Studies of twins show that similarity in activity level and sociability:
-does not occur
-diminishes in adolescence -diminishes in later adulthood
-lasts a lifetime
24. When does the brain growth spurt occur in children?
-the first month after birth
-the first 2 years -between the 1st and 2nd year of life -the month before birth
25. Which of the following is not part of the social context for a given individual?
-peers
-family
-culture
-genes
26. If a disorder is caused by a recessive gene carried by both parents, what percent of their children would be
expected to inherit the disorder?
-0 percent
-25 percent -50 percent -75 percent
27. Exposure to toxins during weeks 3 to 5 during a pregnancy may result in which of the following types of
defect?
-brain
-genitalia
-heart
-ears
28. The child is able to use a pincer grasp, with thumb opposing the forefinger, around the age of?
-not until 18 months -not until 6 months -not until 12 months -not until 24 months
29. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development focus on:
-a hierarchy of needs -infancy and childhood developmental needs
-conflicts throughout the lifespan
-pleasurable erogenous zones
30. Which of the following is NOT a sex-linked disorder?”
-hemophilia
-Down Syndrome
-Fragile X Syndrome
-color blindness
31. Chomsky’s term for an innate set of mental structures that aid children in language learning.
-receptive language -the glia
-plasticity
-language acquisition device (LAD)
32. Dr. Mariano is designing an instrument to measure the musical preference of college students. The students
will be asked to respond to a printed list of questions. Dr. Marciano is conducting a:
-survey
-case study
-naturalistic observation
-psychological test
33. The view of language acquisition proposed by _______assumes that children are biologically pre-wired to
learn language.
-Jean Piaget
-Noam Chomsky
-T. Brazelton
-Arnold Gesell
34. Which of the following refers to the basic developmental process in the individual those changes as a result
of experience or practice?
-maturation
-aging
-growth
-learning
35. A healthy fetus reaches viability at? -24 weeks
-48 weeks
36. Children with marasmus have a diet that is deficient in?
-carbohydrates
-fats -both protein and total calories
-6 weeks
-12 weeks
-both carbohydrates and total calories
37. A procedure in which individual genes are repaired or substituted to correct defects is called?
-behavioral genetics
-gene therapy
-amniocentesis
-cloning
38. According to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, what stage of development would a child
who is entering school be starting?
-industry vs. inferiority
-initiative vs. guilt
-intimacy vs. isolation -ego identity vs. ego diffusion
39. The tendency to assume that one’s own beliefs are normal and those of others are abnormal is referred to as?
- socialization
-ethnocentrism
-indoctrination
-cohesion
40. The chance that a child is born with Down Syndrome has been shown to be related to which of the
following:
-mother’s age
-parents’ ethnic background -father’s age
-mother’s age
41. Pregnant mothers who are malnourished are at increased risk of having a baby with which of the following
problems?
-heart disease
-deformed genitalia -hyperactivity
-deformed eyes
42. Infants begin to engage in social games, such as peek-a-boo, bye-bye, and patty-cake at around what age?
-8 months
-2 months
-12 months
-4 months
43. During the phallic stage, pleasure is focused on what body part?
-genitals
-mouth
-hand
-anus
44. The teeth form under the gums of the unborn embryo/fetus around this week of the pregnancy?
-not until after birth -24th
-32nd
-12th
45. A researcher studies a group of 1-year-olds, 4-year-olds, and 7-year-olds for one day, and compares the
different age groups in terms of their independence. What time-associated design is the researcher using?
-sequential
-cross-sectional
-age cohort
-longitudinal
46. A researcher studies how the children receive on a spelling test are affected by the amount of food they ate
for lunch. What is the independent variable?
-amount of food eaten for lunch
-words on the spelling test -scores on the spelling test -children’s age
47. Developmental neuroscience looks at the role that ____ play (s) in development.
-biological brain processes
-accommodation
-genetics
self-actualization
48. Traditional childbirth is typically done?
-at home
-in a hospital
-in a birthing center
-any of the above
49. The procedure referred to as the amniocentesis is not performed until this week of pregnancy?
-20th
-24th
-32nd
-15th
50. Down Syndrome becomes progressively more common as the?
-mother’s age increases
-number of prior pregnancies increases -number of prior children increases
-father’s age increases