Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Line (geometry) wikipedia , lookup
Metric tensor wikipedia , lookup
Multilateration wikipedia , lookup
History of trigonometry wikipedia , lookup
Rational trigonometry wikipedia , lookup
Trigonometric functions wikipedia , lookup
Cartesian coordinate system wikipedia , lookup
Pythagorean theorem wikipedia , lookup
Signed graph wikipedia , lookup
Steinitz's theorem wikipedia , lookup
GLOSSARY OF MATHEMATICAL TERMS GRADE 7 Absolute Value- the number of units a number is from zero on the number line Acute Angle- angle less than 90 degrees Addend- number to be added in an addition problem Additive Inverse (Opposite)- the positive and negative of a number collectively are known as the additive inverse or opposite Altitude (Height)- the segment in a quadrilateral that is perpendicular to both bases, with endpoints on the base lines *Angle- two straight lines that meet at a point *Area –the number of square units needed to cover a surface *Array –an arrangement of objects in equal rows Associative Property- the grouping of addends/factors does not change the sum/product Axis (pl. Axes)- the line(s) that divide a graph into 2 equal halves Attribute- a defining feature of an object *Bar Graph- a graph that uses bars to show comparison of data Bisect- to divide something into 2 congruent parts *Centimeter (cm)- a metric measure of length - 100 centimeters equal 1 meter *Chance *Change- (as in money) *Chart *Circle- a closed curve within a plane where all the points on the curve are the same distance from a point called the center Circumference-the distance around a circle Circle Graph (Pie Graph; Pie Chart)- a graph using a circle to show how the whole is divided into parts *Closest *Combination- an arrangement of items in which the order is unimportant Commutative Property- the order of addends / factors does not change the sum / product Complimentary Angles- two angles whose sum is 90 degrees Composite Number- any whole number larger than one that has more than two factors *Cone- a solid with one circular base and one vertex 1 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002 Coordinate Plane (Coordinate System)- a system of intersecting horizontal and vertical number lines that is used to locate points *Congruent- having the same size and shape *Cube- a 6-sided prism whose faces are congruent squares *Cup *Cylinder- a solid with two parallel congruent circular bases *Data- bits of numerical information *Day Decagon- a polygon having ten sides *Decimal Decimeter- metric unit of measure which is equal to one-tenth of a meter *Degree – unit of measure of an angle Dependent Event-two or more events in which the outcome of one affects the outcome of the other(s) Diagonal- a line segment connecting two nonadjacent vertices of a polygon *Diameter- the distance across a circle measured through its center Difference- the answer to a subtraction problem Discount- the amount by which the original price is reduced Distributive Property- for any numbers a,b, and c, a x (b+c) = (a x b) + (a x c) *Divide Divisibility Test- test used to see if one number divides into another with no remainder *Dozen Edge- the intersection of faces of a solid *Equation Equiangular Triangle- a triangle in which all three angles have the same degree Measure *Equilateral Equilateral Triangle- a triangle in which all three sides have the same length *Equivalent- equal to; the same as *Estimate- an approximation of the result of a calculation before the calculation takes place Expanded Form (Expanded Notation)- a method of writing a number that shows the value of each digit Exponential Form- a number that is expressed by using an exponent with it Exponent (Power)- shows the number of times a factor is used in multiplying *Expression 2 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002 Extremes- the first and last terms in a proportion *Factor- a number to be multiplied in a problem *Figure (as in geometric) *Foot Formula- a general rule stated in mathematical symbols *Fraction *Fractional Part Frequency Table- table used for organizing data that shows the number of times an item appears *Gallon *Graph Greater than (symbol)- “>” *Greatest *Grid Heptagon- a 7-sided polygon Hexagon- a 6-sided polygon *Highest Histogram- a type of bar graph where the categories are equal ranges of numbers *Hour *Hundredth Improper Fraction- fraction where the numerator is larger than or equal to the denominator *Inch Independent Event- two or more events in which the outcome of one event does not affect the outcome of the other(s) Isosceles Trapezoid- trapezoid in which the nonparallel sides are congruent *Isosceles Triangle- triangle in which two sides are congruent Integers- signed whole numbers Intersection- point in space where lines meet or common area of overlapping sets Inverse Operation- an operation that undoes what another does; addition/subtraction and multiplication / division are inverse operations Key- states the value of each picture in a picture graph or pictograph *Kilometer *Least *Length Less 3 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002 Less Than- “<” Linear Equation- an equation where the graph of it is a straight line *Line Graph- a graph that uses lines to show change over a period of time *Line Plot- a graph that uses an x above a number on a number line to show the frequency that number occurs in a set of data *Line Segment- part of a line between two points *Line(s) of Symmetry- line(s) on which a figure could be folded so that both halves are congruent *Liter *Lowest Mean (Average)- sum of a set of numbers divided by the number of members in the set Means- the middle 2 terms in a proportion *Measure Measures of Center (Measures of Central Tendency)- collective term for the mode, mean and median in a set of data *Median- the middle score in a set of ranked data *Meter- the basic unit of length in the metric system Metric System (S. I.)- system of weights and measures based on ten. *Mile *Milliliter- a metric unit of measure equal to one-thousandth of a liter *Millimeter (mm)- a metric unit of length equal to one- thousandth of a meter Mode- score that appears the most in a set of data *More Multiple- the product of a number and any whole number *Multiply Nonagon- a polygon with 9 sides Not equal (symbol)- “ = “ *Number Line- a line that shows numbers equally and in order *Number Sentence Obtuse Angle- angle containing between 90 and 180 degrees Octagon- a polygon with 8 sides *Ordered Pair- two numbers graphed on a coordinate plane, the first being the x-axis and the second being the y-axis Origin- the point of intersection of the x-axis and y-axis on a coordinate plane *Ounce 4 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002 *Outliers- data that are far apart from the majority of the rest of the data *Parallel Lines-lines that extend forever and never meet *Parallelogram- a quadrilateral that has both pairs of sides equal and parallel *Pattern *Pentagon- a 5-sided polygon *Percent (%)- out of 100; per hundred *Perimeter- the sum of the lengths of the sides of a figure or the sum of the distance around the outside of an object Permutation-an arrangement of listing of objects in which order is important Perpendicular Lines- lines that intersect to form right angles Pi- the mathematical relationship of the circumference of a circle divided by the diameter of the circle; approx. 3.14 or 22/7 Picture Graph (Pictograph)- a graph that shows the comparison of data by use of pictures and a key *Point *Polygon- a simple closed figure in a plane that is formed by 3 or more line segments *Pound Prediction- to state in advance the outcome of an event Prime Numbers- whole numbers greater than 1 that have no other factors beside themselves and 1 Prime Factorization- expressing a number as the product of only prime numbers Prism-a solid figure that has 2 parallel and congruent bases in the shape of polygons *Probability- the mathematical likelihood of an event happening *Product- the answer to a multiplication problem Proportion- mathematical sentence stating that two ratios are equal Protractor- a device used to measure the number of degrees in an angle *Pyramid-a solid with one base and whose other sides are triangles Quadrants- one of the 4 regions determined by the axes of a coordinate plane *Quadrilateral- any four sided polygon *Quart Quotient- the answer to a division problem *Radius- the distance from the center of a circle to any point on the curve of the circle *Range- the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a set of data *Ratio- a comparison of 2 numbers by means of division 5 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002 *Reasonable (as in an estimated answer-does it make sense-is it possible Reciprocals- pairs of numbers whose product is 1 *Rectangle- a 4-sided closed figure that contains 4 right angles *Rectangular Prism*Reflection- a mirror image; a transformation that flips a figure over a line Regroup (Exchange; Borrow; Restate)- to change the grouping of numbers from one form to another without changing the value, in order to make an operation easier Regular Polygon- a polygon that has all sides the same length Repeating Decimal- decimal whose digits do not terminate but repeat in groups of one or more Rhombus- a parallelogram with all sides congruent but containing no right angles *Right Angle *Right Triangle *Rotation- a movement that turns a figure around a point *Round(ed) *Scale Scalene Triangle- triangle having no two sides congruent Scattergram (Scatterplot)- a graph that shows the degree of correlation between two sets of data Scientific Notation- a way of expressing numbers as the product of a number that is at least 1 but less than ten and a power of ten *Second *Similar Figures- same shape but different size Slide- to move a figure without turning of flipping Solid- 3 dimensional figure *Sphere *Square- a parallelogram with all sides equal and 4 right angles *Square Units (including centimeter, foot, inch, meter, yard) Square Root- one of the two equal factors of a number Statistics- the collection, organization, presentation and interpretation of sets of data *Stem and Leaf Plot - a chart used to organize and present data where the number in the stem section represents the greatest place value and the numbers in the leaf section represent the rest of the number Straight Angle- angle containing exactly 180 degrees; straight line *Story Problem 6 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002 Subset- part of a set *Subtract Sum- the answer to an addition problem Supplementary Angles-pairs of angles that form a straight angle or 180 degrees Surface Area- the sum of the areas of all the faces of a solid *Symmetry *Table *Temperature *Tenth *Thermometer Terminating Decimal- a quotient in which the division ends in zero Tessellation- a repeating pattern of polygons that fit together with no holes or gaps Tetrahedron- solid with four faces *Three-dimensional *Ton *Trapezoid- a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides Tree Diagram- a diagram used to show all the possible outcomes in a probability experiment *Triangle- a polygon with 3 sides *Two-dimensional Union – the combination of two or more sets usually shown with Venn diagram *Unreasonable Variable- a symbol, usually a letter, that takes the place of a number in a mathematical expression or sentence *Venn Diagram Vertex- point where 2 sides of an angle meet *Volume the number of cubic units needed to fill a space X- Axis- the horizontal line of the two perpendicular number lines in a coordinate plane X- Coordinate- the first number of an ordered pair *Yard Y-Axis- the vertical line of the two perpendicular number lines in a coordinate plane Y-Coordinate- the second number of an ordered pair Note: Any word with an asterisk appears on the CMT math test 7 Glossary of Mathematical Terms – Grade 7 9/2002