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A Buck Power Factor Correction Converter with Predictive Quadratic Sinusoidal Current Modulation and Line Voltage Reconstruction Abstract: A buck Power Factor Correction (PFC) converter operating in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) is influenced by the dead zone which introduces distortion related to the input line voltage. Such phenomenon limits the maximum Power Factor(PF) and minimum Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) achievable. By deriving a methodology to achieve predictive line voltage reconstruction (PLVR), the influence of the dead zone is mitigated. With the prediction of Quadratic Sinusoidal Current Modulation (PS2CM), the input line current is shaped into sinusoid waveform which is in-phase with input line voltage, crucial for. Consequently, the proposed CCM buck PFC can achieve high PF, low THD, and efficiency simultaneously. A test chip was fabricated in 0.5μm BCD process. Experimental results show a peak PF of 0.95 and a peak efficiency of 98% at 110Vac. Existing System: The magnitude of the output voltage, VOUT, is directly associated with the efficiency of the overall buck PFC. Unfortunately, the averaged input current is pinched off when VLINE < VOUT, creating a dead zone td. The distortion induced by the discontinuity td is proportional to VOUT and increases the overall THD of the buck PFC. It is possible to add additional switches to the buck PFC to resolve td and to improve THD, but this approach comes at the price of lower efficiency and defeats the purpose of choosing the buck PFC over the boost PFC topology. Disadvantage: Large passive devices are required hence overall cost of the system is high. Unwanted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) is induced. Overall THD rate is high. Proposed System: The proposed buck PFC operates in CCM with an Average Current Mode Control (ACM). The proposed buck PFC is designed using the Predictive Line Voltage Reconstruction (PLVR) technique, which reconstructs the line voltage independent of the dead zone by predictive reconstruction and sample and hold operations. Through the predictive calculation of Quadratic Sinusoidal Current Modulation (PS2CM), which is a technique very different from the sine current modulation used in boost-type PFC converters, the input current IIN is shaped to a quadratic sinusoidal wave to reduce the input THD by an analog calculation circuit. Advantage: A 0.95 PF and 18% THD buck CCM PFC is proposed with PS^2CM and PLVR techniques. The proposed CCM buck PFC operating in the ACM operation reduces peak current while maintaining high power factor by resolving the distortion, which is attractive for high-power PFC applications. Performance of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) is improved. Circuit Diagram: (Architecture of the ACM control buck PFC converter with the proposed PS2CM and PLVR techniques) References: [1] K. S. Muhammad, and D.D.-C. Lu, “ZCS bridgeless boost PFC rectifier using only two active switches,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 62, no. 5, pp.2795 - 2806, May 2015. [2] M. Pahlevaninezhad, S. Pan, S. Eren, A. Bakhshai, and P. Jain, “An adaptive nonlinear current observer for boost PFC AC/DC converters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 12, pp.6720–6729, Sept. 2014. [3] V. Sype, M. David, K. Gusseme, V. Bossche, and J. A. Melkebeek, “Duty-ratio feedforward for digitally controlled boost PFC converters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 108 - 115, Jan. 2005. [4] F. Zhang and J. Xu, “A novel PCCM boost PFC converter with fast dynamic response,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 9, pp. 4207 -4216, Sept. 2011. [5] H.-S. Kim, J.-K. Kim, K.-B. Park, H.-W. Seong, G.-W. Moon, and M.-J. Youn, “On/off control of boost PFC converters to improve lightload efficiency in paralleled power supply units for servers,” IEEE Trans. Ind.Electron., vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 1235 - 1242, Mar. 2014.