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Behavioral Ecology Behavioral Ecology Important concepts: Fixed action patterns (FAP’s) Imprinting Kinds of learning: •Classical •Operant Inclusive fitness and altruism. Behavioral Ecology Ethology is the study of the behavior of animals in their natural environment. Behavioral Ecology Behavior Behavioral Ecology Genetics Behavior Behavioral Ecology Natural selection Genetics Behavior Behavioral Ecology Natural selection Genetics Learning Behavior Behavioral Ecology Natural selection Environment Genetics Learning Behavior Behavioral Ecology Natural selection Environment Genetics Learning Behavior Behavioral Ecology Ethologists ask proximate questions, such as “What triggers this behavior?” and ultimate questions, like “Why did natural selection favor this behavior?” Behavioral Ecology Fixed action patterns (FAP’s) are unlearned, unchangeable behaviors triggered by a sign stimulus Behavioral Ecology Fixed action patterns (FAP’s) are unlearned, unchangeable behaviors triggered by a sign stimulus Behavioral Ecology Fixed action patterns (FAP’s) are unlearned, unchangeable behaviors triggered by a sign stimulus. Behavioral Ecology Imprinting is learning during a sensitive period. Behavioral Ecology Kinesis is a change in activity level or turning rate in response to a stimulus. Behavioral Ecology Taxis is movement towards or away from a stimulus. Behavioral Ecology Learning: • habituation • classical conditioning • operant conditioning Behavioral Ecology Behavioral Ecology Behavioral Ecology Mating strategies: • promiscuous • monogamous • polygamous Behavioral Ecology Mating strategies: • promiscuous • monogamous • polygamous –polygyny –polyandry Behavioral Ecology Altruism is explained by the concept of inclusive fitness, which includes an individual’s reproductive success and the help it gives to its close relatives to produce offspring. Behavioral Ecology C = cost to the altruist B = benefit to the recipient r = coeficient of relatedness Behavioral Ecology C = cost to the altruist B = benefit to the recipient r = coeficient of relatedness Natural selection will favor altruism when rB > C Behavioral Ecology Important concepts: Fixed action patterns (FAP’s) Imprinting Kinds of learning: •Classical •Operant Inclusive fitness and altruism.
