Download Sophia Ashiqueali Mr. Tavernia AP World History/Period 3 Packet: F

Sophia Ashiqueali Mr. Tavernia AP World History/Period 3 Packet: F [Political]: Women’s March on Versailles The Women’s March on Versailles, also known as The October March, was one of the most significant events in the French Revolution. The march began due to the high prices and scarcity of bread. Despite the fertile soil, much of the French Population was starving while Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette feasted on an abundance of food. The march began in the marketplaces of Paris in 1789. The acts of the march became intertwined with the the acts of revolutionaries who wanted liberal reforms and a constitutional monarchy in France. The march that started off with a few women, grew to a mob of thousands of women. These women looted the city armory and marched to the Palace of Versailles. The mob of people confronted King Louis XVI and stated their demands. French national guardsmen were sent to protect the royal family but they failed in their attempts. Many people were especially angered by Marie Antoinette, so she attempted to escape the palace but she failed. The masses demanded that the King should distribute the abundance of bread that was being hoarded in the palace. The next day, King Louis XIV agreed to go to Paris to make reforms. The March on Versailles ended the king’s independence and allowed changes to be made in France. The march displaced the power of nobility and provided a voice to the common people in the third estate. The Women's March on Versailles not only helped transform the government of France, but it also helped transform the image of the role that women can play in revolutions. Mikhal Ben-Joseph
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History Period 3
Packet F
Political: The War of 1812
Just a few decades after America won its independence from Great Britain, these two
global powerhouses were fighting again, this time because of Britain repressing America trade
and detaining American seamen and America’s desire to expand its territory. The global political
climate of the early 1800s was influential in the start of the war. Britain and France were fighting
their own battles and had conflicts with trade, especially regarding the ability to trade with the
U.S.. Eventually, the USA got caught up in the economic issue as well as in its anger for the
British incitement of Native Americans. This was the impetus for the war. The native Americans
and Canadians were fighting on the side of Great Britain, and they did some damage to the
fledgling democracy, such as burning the white house in
1814. However, American troops bolstered the country’s
moral by pushing back the enemy in big cities like New
Orleans and New York City. The war ended when the
Treaty of Ghent was signed in 1815, with an American
victory. The war was very influential in James Madison’s presidency of the United States. The
impact of the war was not large on a global scale, but for the Native Americans, it continued to
diminish any further hope for self government or resistance to American expansion.
Gabi Coutinho
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History Period III
Packet F
Political: Meiji Restoration
The Tokugawa Shogunate governed Japan from 1603 until 1867 when the Meiji
Restoration ended the shogun rule. The shoguns avoided contact with outside cultures (namely
that of Christianity) by closing trade and travel between Japan and Western nations. They
realized their weakness in defending themselves when Matthew C. Perry demanded opening
ports as he arrived in Edo Bay. The shogun willingly signed the unequal Treaty of Kanagawa,
but the local governors and samurai feared the same outcome that Qing China had received
during the Opium Wars. Yamagata Aritomo and Ito Hirobumi of Choshu Domain decided to join
with Satsuma leaders in southern Japan to rebel.
They overthrew Tokugawa Shogunate and made Mutsuhito emperor,
the revered head of Shintoism who had no real power to govern. The Meiji
oligarchs actually ruled and tried protecting Japan from imperialists with
industrialization and centralization. They improved education, built a strong
army, and incorporated Western culture and technology. Feudalism ended,
and Japan began to trade again with Western nations. By the end of the Meiji
Period in 1912, Japan had a centralized government, modern industries, transportation,
communication, and high standards of education. Thus, the Meiji Restoration opened the way for
Japan to become a major world power in the twentieth century.
Theme 3: Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference of
1884-1885 was a meeting at
which the major European
colonizers met in order to
regulate European
colonization and trade within
Africa. During this
conference, Africa was divided along arbitrary lines into the states that exist today. Before the
Berlin Conference, the European countries competed for control over Africa in order to obtain its
natural resources and raw materials for their growing industrial economies. They met at The
Berlin Conference in order to settle these disputes. Also during the conference, the leaders
agreed to allow free trade among the colonies and established a framework for negotiating future
European claims in Africa. Although the
Berlin Conference did not initiate
colonization in Africa, it did legitimate
and formalize the process. It also sparked
new interest in Africa, such that by 1900,
90% of Africa was under European
control.
Rishab Jain Mr. Tavernia AP World History/P.3 Packet F [Political]: Congress of Vienna Congress of Vienna was a conference that was held in Vienna to decide what would happen with all the countries in Europe after the Napoleonic wars ended. After the Napoleonic war ended there was a lot of political instability among all the countries in Europe; therefore, it was necessary for all the delegates of each country to get together to decide what would happen in the future for these countries. The conference was organized by Klemens von Metternich of Austria and included some major countries such as Britain, France, Russia, and Prussia. The conference was the first time in which multiple countries came together in a multinational conference to decide the future policy of a continent. In conclusion, the congress of vienna was a meeting among european countries to decide governmental procedures to fix the problems due to the napoleonic war. Paridhi Kapadia
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History Period 3
Packet F
Political: Sepoy
In the colonial age, sepoy was the designation given to Indian soldiers who were loyal to the
British. The sepoys had played a crucial role in securing the Indian subcontinent as a colony for
European powers. Initially, sepoys were recruited based on caste and physical competence, and
would fight local battles under the command of a battalion chief, or gaon bura. They were
usually paid regularly, and provided with weapons, clothing, and ammunition. At one point,
when the sepoys were fighting with the Ottoman Empire, they revolted because the British
attempted to make them go against their religious views. The gun casings were encased with beef
fat for it to work properly, but, being Hindu, the sepoys refused to use them, and revolted.
Leah Kapela
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History/ Period 3
Packet F
Political: American Revolution
The American Revolution occurred between the years 1765 and 1783 and
happened between the colonies in North America and Britain. The colonies were trying
to gain their independence from Britain once they felt that their rights were not being
properly represented in the British government. The colonists decided to go to war after
the British declined the Declaration of Independence.
The start of the war was initiated with the event called the Boston Tea Party. The
colonists were enraged with Britain’s high taxes on items, like tea. The taxes were
implemented to pay for their debts from the French Indian War. So out of anger, the
colonists dumped a lot of tea into the Boston harbor. They were employed by feudal
lords and were the only ones permitted to
carrying around swords.
A period of peace, after Japan’s
reunion, made the samurai less needed.
Many samurai became bureaucrats or
teachers. The end of feudal Japan,
however, ended the samurai caste and
most of the samurai all together.
Sam Marx
Mr. Tavernia
APWH Per. 3
Packet F
AP Political: Janissaries
Janissary, also spelled Janizary, Turkish Yeniçeri, are members of an elite corps in the
standing army of the ​Ottoman Empire from the late 14th century to 1826. Highly respected for
their military power and skill in the 15th and 16th centuries, the Janissaries became a powerful
political force within the Ottoman ​state​. The Janissary corps was originally staffed by Christian
youths from the Balkan provinces who were converted to Islam on being drafted into the
Ottoman service. Subject to very strict rules they were organized into three unequal divisions
(cemat, bolukhalk, segban) and commanded by an aga​.
In the late 16th century the celibacy rule and other restrictions were relaxed, and by the
early 18th century the original method of recruitment was abandoned. The Janissaries frequently
engineered palace coups in the 17th and 18th centuries, and in the early 19th century they
resisted the adoption of European reforms by the army. Their end came in June 1826 in the
so-called ​Auspicious Incident​. On learning of the formation of new, westernized troops, the
Janissaries revolted. ​Sultan ​Mahmud II declared ​war on the rebels and, on their refusal to
surrender, had ​cannon fire directed on their barracks. Most of the Janissaries were killed, and
those who were taken prisoner were executed.
Jacob Mass
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History/Period 3
Packet F
Political: Sepoy
Sepoys were Indian soldiers employed during
Britain’s control of India. Britain needed these soldiers to
make up armies for the British East India Company. Sepoys
were supplied with weapons by Britain, and were paid
approximately the same that they otherwise were under local
Indian rule. However, Britain was much more official and
paid their soldiers regularly, serving as a pull factor for these
soldiers to work at sepoys. Britain even supplied soldiers with food rations, something
they had not been provided previously. Britain made sure only to
accept higher castes to be sepoys. Eventually, the sepoys rebelled, in
what is known today the Indian Uprising of 1857, or the “Sepoy
Mutiny.” This rebellion was in response to Britain enforcing
practices against the sepoys’ religions. These sepoys were largely
either Muslim or Hindi. The rifle cartridges they were being
supplied by Britain were covered with lard; this was common to provide lubrication.
However, this lard often was from pigs or cows, going against these respective religions.
This would permanently affect Britain’s employment of sepoys; from now on, they
would mainly recruit Sikhs.
Nicolas Menendez
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History Period 3
13 March 2017
Portfolio Projects
Political
As society grew in the 19th and 20th centuries, many new famous people were
considered political influences. One of these influences during the 20th century is Muhammad
Ali. Muhammad Ali was an American Professional boxer and activist. His professional career
led to many respecting him. He changed his name from Cassius Clay to Muhammad Ali as he
believed Cassius was his slave name. He was also a very popular figure during the fight for
African American civil rights in the 1960s. He was arrested after he refused to be drafted to fight
in Vietnam after he stated his beliefs were against america’s involvement in the foreign country.
He later appealed to the Supreme court and won, by which time he had lost the rest of his
professional career possibilities. He was idolized as one of the greatest athletes of the century as
he was a role
model inside and
outside of the
ring.
Isabel Mitre Mr. Tavernia AP World History/Period 3 Packet F Political: Regional, Transregional, and Global Structures & Organizations The enclosure movement was the division of communal fields, meadows, pastures made and other arable lands in Western Europe into the individually owned and managed farm plots of the modern world. The land was often divided through the construction of fences or the growth of hedges. Prior to this, most farmland was owned and used by individual cultivators only during the growing season. After the harvest, the land was available to the village for livestock grazing. The enclosure movement lead to an Agricultural Revolution, as it allowed for controlled experimentation and selective breeding. Farming became more efficient and more productive. However, the peasants who depended on the land suffered, as they no longer could graze their livestock, collect tinder, or pick berries. The disparaging conditions drove farmers into the city, which in turn provided the workforce for the Industrial Revolution . Emily Moon
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History Period 3
Packet F
Political: Liberty, Order, Progress
General Porfirio Diaz ruled Mexico with the motto “Liberty, Order, Progress”.
However, his ideas of these widely known concepts and ideals were counterintuitive.
“Liberty” to Porfirio meant freedom, but not for the common people. It meant freedom
for rich hacienda owners and foreign investors who wanted to claim more land. The
government under his rule imposed “order” with rigged and unfair elections. The
government of Mexico under this misconstrued motto also used the idea of “pan o palo”,
which means “bread or a beating”. Basically, this meant that the people of Mexico could
either accept what the government gave them happily or they could face harsh
consequences, which were often death. Finally, “progress” meant the importing of
foreign money, machines, and technicians to take advantage of Mexico and its resources
like their labor, soil, and natural resources.
Ephraim Oyetunji
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History/ Period 3
Packet: F
Political: Simón Bolívar
Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios,​ or Simón Bolívar, was a
Venezuelan military leader and political figure during colonial Latin America. He played a
pivotal role in the independence of many South america sovereign nations such as ​ ​Venezuela​,
Bolivia​, ​Colombia​, ​Ecuador​, ​Peru​ and ​Panama​, from Spanish rule. He was an advocate for Latin
American unity. He made the Gran Colombia which was the first union of independent nations in
South America. He became the President of this territory and was also President of other Latin
American nations.
Emily Pallack
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History Period 3
Packet F
Political: King Wilhelm I
Wilhelm I was devoted to his military service, and was determined to perfect the
functionality of the Prussian Army. He helped quenched several uprisings, and hence
consolidated the power of his brother, King Frederick Wilhelm IV. He also helped to set up the
Prussian Parliament, and took a seat for himself in the upper chamber. After King Frederick
Wilhelm IV suffered a stroke and became mentally disabled, in 1857 Wilhelm I became the
Royal Regent for his brother. Then, after King Frederick Wilhelm IV died childless, Wilhelm I
became the King of Prussia in 1861. In the following years, he waged campaigns against
Denmark, Austria, and, ultimately, France. In 1871, during the Franco-Prussian War, Wilhelm
was proclaimed Emperor (Kaiser) of a now united German state. By proclaiming himself the
German Emperor, King Wilhelm I transformed the former, loosely joined North German
Confederation into the German Empire, which in fact was a unified Germany that soon
established itself as a modern state. His most important contribution was arguably his
appointment of Otto von Bismarck, the well-known "blood and iron chancellor", as the Minister
President. With the help of Bismarck, King Wilhelm rapidly
modernized Germany, making it into one of the most dominant
military and economic powers in Europe. Wilhelm centralized
power, built a strong military, and improved Germany's
international status. It was also under his reign that Germany
became one of the first modern welfare states.
Austin Park
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History
11 March 2017
Theme 3: Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence is a statement that declared that the thirteen
American colonies regarded themselves as independent sovereign states and no longer
under the rule of the British. Also, this document was pretty much a formal explanation
as to why Congress voted to declare independence from Great Britain. The declaration
was issued in several forms after about a little more than a year of fighting in the
American Revolutionary War. As a result, these colonies turned into the United States of
America. Thomas Jefferson composed the original draft of the document and Congress
later edited it to produce the final version.
With this document, the United States of America was formed and they started so
establish their own rules of governance. The colonial grievances of King George III
asserted that the people had a right of revolution and so that is what they did.
Snigdha Reddy Sama Mr.Tavernia AP World History P3 Political: Berlin Conference Theme: Political Structures & Forms of Governance • Empires Nations & Nationalism • Revolts & Revolutions Regional, Transregional, and Global Structures & Organizations ●
Berlin Conference of 1884-85
○
Regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during New Imperialism
period
○
Meeting of 14 nations called by Otto von Bismarck to set rules for the partition of
Africa
○
Led to the creation of the Congo Free state under King Leopold II of Belgium
○
Ruled that
■
African territories could not just be claimed, but also had to be
administered and occupied by European nation
■
Nations already with African coastal territory get first pick for interior
■
Slavery and slave trade ends in all European territory
■
Congo free state is a country
Aaron Thaler
Period 3
AP World History
Political - George Washington
George Washington was the first president of the United States of America, but
before that, he was a well-respected and very successful general in the Continental
Army. He was the general in charge of the militia and Continentals that crossed the
Delaware River on Christmas of 1776. His plan to attack the Hessians in Trenton went
very awry, but he threw everything he and his men had at the Hessians, and victory was
achieved. This victory boosted the spirits of many Continentals and provided them with
the surge they needed to win the war. This all took place despite treacherously frigid
temperatures, heavy snow, and blistering winds. In addition, certain evidence points to
a theory that Washington had XYY syndrome, in which he had two Y-chromosomes.
This may have resulted from nondisjunction in his father’s gametes in meiosis I or II.
XYY males are usually strong, large, and also infertile. Washington was tall and
exhibited impressive strength, and he also never had children of his own with his wife,
Martha. While this has not been proven, it is certainly interesting to ponder.
Coco Zheng
Mr. Tavernia
AP World History pd. 3
Packet F
James Cook
for the British called New South Wales. Even
though the French had found Australia first,
they did not claim it. As a result, Australia is
heavily influenced by British culture to this
day.
During his second major voyage for the
Great South Land, he explored Antarctica to
find no colony living there.
On his third voyage, he explored the
Captain James Cook 1728-1779 was a
British explorer who revolutionalised the
European perception of the Pacific Ocean.
Cook devoted two major voyages to find
the Great South Land, a legendary land of
riches. During his first voyage, which was
aboard the Endeavour, he along with Joseph
Banks found Australia and claimed a colony
Hawaiian islands. While the Hawaiians were
hospitable initially, they were not so
welcoming when he returned. Cook was
struck on the head and killed.