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Digestive system
Learning objectives
• Track the path of food through the digestive
system. Know the names of each part.
• Understand the role in digestion of the mouth,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine
• Understand the role of the pancreas, liver, and
gall bladder as they pertain to digestion.
Path of
Food
PathBasic
of food through
digestive
system
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus
Digestion begins in the mouth
• Mechanical and
chemical digestion
• Break-down of starch
begins here
• Tongue shapes food
into a bolus
Swallowing
Swallowing is complicated!
Epiglottis directs food to the
Pharynx opens to esophagus AND trachea
esophagus and away from trachea
•
• Trachea moves up so epiglottis blocks opening
Peristalsis moves food down the
esophagus
to the stomach
Peristalsis
unctions of the stomach
Stomach
nd store food
ce secretions
rther break
food (gastric
ol passage of
o small
ne
Small Intestine
• Primary site
forintestine
nutrient absorption
Small
Very
folded
– lots
of surface
• Inner
lining
VERY
folded
– lotsarea
of surface
Nutrient absorption
areahappens here
One fold of small
intestine
A single villus
Microvilli
Villi
Capillaries
Artery
Vein
estine has toLarge
doIntestine
it…
d into
am
d,
d
feces
essory
ypes of
etions:
crine:
stive
ymes,
eted into
ll intestine
ocrine:
mones,
ased into
d stream
p regulate
Accessory organs;
Pancreas
organs:
the pancreas
Liver
Gall Bladder