Download Belief Systems/Religions

Belief Systems Recap
Animism
Hinduism
Buddhism
Taoism
Shinto
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
What are Belief Systems?
Belief Systems are organized ways to look at the world
Most belief systems include a moral code, or way to live life
Religions are belief systems with a God(s)
Monotheistic- one god
Polytheistic- more than one god
Animism
Founder: None specifically- developed around the world
during the Neolithic revolution
Book/rules: Oral story telling
Location: Africa and parts of America (Native Americans)
Main ideas:
-Polytheistic
-Every living and nonliving thing in nature has a spirit
-Often pray to ancestors for help
Shinto
Founder: None specifically- evolved from tribal
religions with similar beliefs
Location: Started in and still practiced in Japan
Book: Kokiji (Record of Ancient Matters)
Main Ideas:
-Everything in nature has a spirit (kami)
-Polytheistic
-Harmony with nature
-Worship near mountains and lakes
-Shrines marked by Red Torri Gates
Hinduism
Founder: None specifically- result of cultural diffusion between Aryan
invaders and people of the Indus River Valley Civilization
Location: Started in India and is still commonly practiced there
Book: Upanishads and Vedas
Main Ideas:
-The goal is to reach Brahmin, or universal spirit
-Polytheistic- Gods help understand Brahmin
-Reincarnation to keep trying to get to Brahmin
-Caste System
-Karma and Dharma
-Ganges River is sacred
Caste System
The Caste System is created to keep the social order. Reincarnation is
based on Karma (all your life’s deeds) and Dharma (duties in your life).
Do your dharma and
you will be reincarnated
at a higher place until
you reach Brahmin
Untouchables
Buddhism
Founder: Siddhartha Gautama- Buddha, the enlightened one
Book: Tripitaka, “three baskets of wisdom”
Location: Developed in India but moved to Southeast Asia
(cultural diffusion)
Main Ideas:
-The goal is to reach Nirvana
-No Caste System
-Reincarnation to keep trying to get to Nirvana
-Life is suffering because of Desire (Four Noble Truths)
-End desire with the Eightfold Path
Four Noble Truths & Eightfold Path
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path
1) All life is suffering
2) Suffering is caused by desire
3) Eliminate suffering by eliminating
desire
4) Following the 8-fold path will help
overcome desire
• Know that suffering is caused by
desire.
• Be selfless and love all life.
• Do not lie, or speak without
cause.
• Do not kill, steal, or commit other
unrighteous acts.
• Do not do things which promote
evil.
• Take effort to promote
righteousness.
• Be aware of your physical actions,
state of mind, and emotions.
• Learn to meditate
Confucianism
Goal of
Confucianism
is to maintain
social order
Founder: Confucius
Book: the Analects
Location: China
Main Ideas:
-focused on respect
-accept your place in society
-Five Relationships
-education= advancement
-Filial Piety- respect elders
Confucianism- Five Relationships
Ruler
Husband
Father
Elder
Brother
Subject
Wife
Son/
Daughter
Youth
Younger
brother
•Ruler to ruled.
•Father to son.
•Older brother to younger brother.
•Husband to wife.
•Friend to friend
Taoism (Daoism)
Founder: Chinese philosopher Lao Tze
Book: Tao-te-Ching
Location: China
Main Ideas:
-Live in harmony with nature
-contemplate the “way” or Tao
-Yin and Yang
-Link between people and nature
Tao- Yin Yang
Yin Yang are opposites but need to be balanced
Yin
Yang
Light
Dark
Male
Female
Heavenly
Earthly
Active
Passive
Judaism
Founder: Abraham and Moses
Book: Torah (Old Testament)
Location: Worldwide. Originated in the
Middle East near Israel
Main Ideas:
-Monotheistic- one God
-God is all knowing
-Synagogues
-10 commandments
-The Diaspora
Christianity
Founder: Jesus (the Messiah)
Book: Bible (New Testament)
Location: Worldwide. Originated in Israel
Main Ideas:
-Monotheistic- one God
-God is all knowing
-Holy Trinity- Father, Son, and Holly Spirit
-Churches and sacraments
-10 commandments
-Eternal life and salvation
The 10 Commandments:
1. You shall have no other gods before Me.
2. You shall not make yourself any graven image,
3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain;
4. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy.
5. Honor your father and mother
6. You shall not commit murder.
7. You shall not commit adultery.
8. You shall not steal.
9. You shall not witness falsely against your neighbor.
10. You shall not covet your neighbor's house, or anything that is your
neighbor's.
Judaism to Christianity
The primary difference between the Jews and Christians is
that the Jews do NOT think the Messiah has come
Islam
Founder: Muhammad
Book: Quran/Koran
Location: Worldwide but primarily in the Middle East
Originated on Arabian Peninsula
Main Ideas:
-Monotheistic- one God (Allah)
-God is all knowing
-Mosques
-Five Pillars
-the Hajj
-Sharia Law
-Sunni and Shiite Islam
Islam
The Five Pillars are the moral code of Islam
Pilgrimage
to Mecca
Alms to
the poor
One God
Allah
Pray 5
times a
day
Fast
during
Ramadan
*Key Concept*
Belief systems help keep order in society
They often provide moral codes or ways to live