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CHAPTER FOUR NOTES ANCIENT CHINA THE GEOGRAPHY OF CHINA • HUANG RIVER-”YELLOW” DUE TO YELLOW SILT DISSOLVED IN WATER • LEVEES BUILT TO CONTROL FLOODING • CALLED “CHINA’S SORROW” BECAUSE FLOODING WIPES OUT CROPS AND LEAVES PEOPLE HOMELESS • TIBETAN PLATEAU: VERY ROCKY LAND SURROUNDED BY MOUNTAIN RANGES • CHINA HAS PLAINS, MOUNTAINS, AND DESERTS SHANG DYNASTY • FIRST DYNASTY (BEGAN BETWEEN 1760 AND 1500 B.C.) • BRONZE AGE-BRONZE USED FOR TOOLS, CUPS, WEAPONS, AND TRADE GOODS • BRONZE MADE BY MELTING COPPER AND TIN ZHOU DYNASTY (1027 B.C.-221 B.C) • LONGEST DYNASTY (800+ YEARS) • SEPARATED INTO WESTERN ZHOU AND EASTERN ZHOU • WESTERN ZHOU-SILK=IMPORTANT PRODUCT OF ZHOU ECONOMY • EASTERN ZHOU-”GOLDEN AGE” IN CHINA • NEW SYSTEM OF MONEY • PROJECTS TO CONTROL FLOODING • IRON USED TO MAKE FARM TOOLS AND WEAPONS QIN DYNASTY (221 B.C.-206 B.C.) • NEW STATES FORMED TO CENTRALIZE GOVERNMENT • SHI HUANGDI “FIRST EMPEROR” • BUILT GREAT WALL OF CHINA TO PROTECT THE EMPIRE FROM NORTHERN INVADERS HAN DYNASTY (206 B.C.-A.D. 220) • BUILDING OF NEW ROADS • GOV’T OFFICIALS TOOK CIVIL SERVICE EXAMS • FIRST COMPLETE HISTORY OF CHINA WAS WRITTEN • INVENTIONS=PORCELAIN, PAPER, INK CONFUCIANISM • CONFUCIUS LIVED IN ZHOU DYNASTY • CORE VIRTUES=SENSE OF HUMANITY, RESPECT FOR FAMILY, HUMILITY (MODESTY) • FIRST PRINCIPLE=RESPECT ALL PEOPLE • ANALECTS-COLLECTION OF SAYINGS BY CONFUCIUS, MAIN PRINTED WORK DAOISM • LAOZI=FIRST GREAT TEACHER • BELIEF IN FINDING THE “WAY” OR DAO, OF THE UNIVERSE • BELIEVE PEOPLE SHOULD LIVE IN HARMONY WITH NATURE, NOT APART FROM IT
