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System • An organized group of parts that work together to form a whole • Think of a game system What is needed for the game system to work If I take away the power cord will the system still work Closed system • Something that matter can not enter or exit through (without extreme force) but energy can enter and exit • Earth is an example of a closed system The closed system of Earth is made up of 4 open systems Open System • Something that both matter and energy can enter or exit through Atmosphere • Earth’s air Hydrosphere • Earth’s Water Biosphere • Earth’s Living Things Geosphere • Earth’s interior and its rocks and soil All water on Earth • Oceans, lakes, glaciers, rivers, streams and underground Almost ¾ of Earth is water About 3% is fresh • About 70% of this is frozen in glaciers and ice caps Studied with • Deep-sea vehicles • Special buoys • Satellite images • Diving suits Mixture of gases and particles that surrounds and protects the surface of the Earth About 78% Nitrogen About 21% Oxygen The rest contains carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases Scientists study with • Weather balloons • Special planes • Views from satellites Includes all features on Earths surface • Continents, islands, sea floor, crust, mantle, inner and outer core Scientists study with • Satellite images • Sound waves • Computer modeling to develop pictures Includes all life on Earth, in air, on land, and in water Studied with a variety of technology • Satellite images • Special tree platforms Biosphere systems interacts with different • Forests act as “lungs” by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere This is the carbon cycle • Dead trees decay and return nutrients into the soil which is the geosphere This is the nitrogen cycle Atmosphere interacts with other systems • Complex weather patterns (severe weather) Hydrosphere interacts with other systems • Currents interact with wind patterns and affect the weather Geosphere is constantly changing and interacting with other systems • Volcano explodes and releases harmful gases into the Atmosphere