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NOTES ­ Ecological Organization.pdf
Levels of Ecological Organization
The levels of organization studied by ecologists are organisms, species, populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes and finally the biosphere.
• Organism ‐ an individual living thing.
• Species ‐ group of individuals that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring. (don’t have to be in the same place)
• Population ‐ all the members of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.
• Community ‐ a group of various species that live in the same place and interact with each other.
• Ecosystem ­ a collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place together with their nonliving, or physical environment
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• biome ­ a group of terrestrial communities that covers a large area
and is characterized by certian soil and climate conditions and particular assemblages of plants and animals
Five Major Types of Biomes
Aquatic
Deserts
Forests
Grasslands
Tundra
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• biosphere ­ contains the combined portions of the planet in which
all life exists, including land, water, and air, or atmosphere.
­ extends from about 8 km above Earth's surface to as far as 11 km below the surface of the ocean
Biosphere 2
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To understand a world biome, you need to know: • What the climate of the region is like. • Where each biome is found and and what its geography is like. • The special adaptations of the vegetation. • The types of animals found in the biome and their physical and behavioral adaptations to their environment. 4
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