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Chapter 14 Clickers
Natural Hazards
Fourth Edition
Impacts and
Extinctions
Tim Frazier
The University of Idaho
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
How old is the sun, approximately?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
5 million years old
10 million years old
5 billion years old
10 billion years old
13 billion years old
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
How old is the sun, approximately?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
5 million years old
10 million years old
5 billion years old
10 billion years old
13 billion years old
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Scientists classify particles in the solar system by
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
By diameter and temperature
By speed of entry and mass
By diameter and speed of entry
By composition and diameter
By mass and composition
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Scientists classify particles in the solar system by
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
By diameter and temperature
By speed of entry and mass
By diameter and speed of entry
By composition and diameter
By mass and composition
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The figure shows what type of particle from the solar
system?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Asteroid
Comet
Meteorite
Meteor
Meteoroid
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The figure shows what type of particle from the solar
system?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Asteroid
Comet
Meteorite
Meteor
Meteoroid
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
A particle from the solar system that strikes the Earth is
called a
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Asteroid
Comet
Meteorite
Meteor
Meteoroid
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
A particle from the solar system that strikes the Earth is
called a
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Asteroid
Comet
Meteorite
Meteor
Meteoroid
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the significance of the Tunguska River Valley in
Siberia in terms of asteroids?
a) Site of enormous wildfires in prehistoric times caused by an
asteroid.
b) Site of the largest impact crater ever recorded on Earth.
c) Largest meteorite was sighted.
d) Location of crater that marks the asteroid that killed the
dinosaurs.
e) Large airburst of an asteroid occurred in recent history.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the significance of the Tunguska River Valley in
Siberia in terms of asteroids?
a) Site of enormous wildfires in prehistoric times caused by an
asteroid.
b) Site of the largest impact crater ever recorded on Earth.
c) Largest meteorite was sighted.
d) Location of crater that marks the asteroid that killed the
dinosaurs.
e) Large airburst of an asteroid occurred in recent history.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The figure shows an example of what type of crater?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Rebound
Simple
This is not a crater
Complex impact
Soft impact
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The figure shows an example of what type of crater?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Rebound
Simple
This is not a crater
Complex impact
Soft impact
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which is not a reason craters are more common on the
moon than the Earth?
a) Ocean impact sites have been buried by marine sediment.
b) Very few meteoroids enter Earth’s atmosphere.
c) Ocean impact sites have been destroyed by plate tectonic
processes.
d) Land impact craters have eroded.
e) Smaller meteoroids tend to disintegrate in Earth’s
atmosphere.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which is not a reason craters are more common on the
moon than the Earth?
a) Ocean impact sites have been buried by marine sediment.
b) Very few meteoroids enter Earth’s atmosphere.
c) Ocean impact sites have been destroyed by plate tectonic
processes.
d) Land impact craters have eroded.
e) Smaller meteoroids tend to disintegrate in Earth’s
atmosphere.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which concept is now used to explain the processes that
form the Earth’s landscapes?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Punctuated uniformitarianism
Catastrophism
Uniformitarianism
None of these are used
Gradualism
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which concept is now used to explain the processes that
form the Earth’s landscapes?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Punctuated uniformitarianism
Catastrophism
Uniformitarianism
None of these are used
Gradualism
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
How is mass extinction characterized?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
All of these are characteristics
If there are any survivors
How large the volcanic eruption is
How much the climate changes within a period
Sudden loss of large numbers of plants and animals relative
to the number of new species being added
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
How is mass extinction characterized?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
All of these are characteristics
If there are any survivors
How large the volcanic eruption is
How much the climate changes within a period
Sudden loss of large numbers of plants and animals
relative to the number of new species being added
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which has not been a cause of mass extinction?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Movement of tectonic plates
Asteroid impact
Large basaltic eruption
Flooding from tsunami
Volcanic activity
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which has not been a cause of mass extinction?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Movement of tectonic plates
Asteroid impact
Large basaltic eruption
Flooding from tsunami
Volcanic activity
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following was not a result of the K-Pg Boundary
mass extinction?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
About 70 percent of all land and marine genera died off
Set the stage for the evolution of mammals
Widespread wildfires were experienced everywhere
Demise of swimming reptiles
Demise of large dinosaurs on land
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following was not a result of the K-Pg Boundary
mass extinction?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
About 70 percent of all land and marine genera died off
Set the stage for the evolution of mammals
Widespread wildfires were experienced everywhere
Demise of swimming reptiles
Demise of large dinosaurs on land
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The impact or airburst of an asteroid or comet is not a direct
cause of
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
tsunamis.
mass wasting.
wildfires.
climate change.
flooding.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The impact or airburst of an asteroid or comet is not a direct
cause of
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
tsunamis.
mass wasting.
wildfires.
climate change.
flooding.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which has the most influence on the consequences of an
airburst or direct impact?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Population of the site of airburst or impact
Size of the extraterrestrial object
Probability that it will occur
Time between impacts or airbursts
None of these influence the consequences
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which has the most influence on the consequences of an
airburst or direct impact?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Population of the site of airburst or impact
Size of the extraterrestrial object
Probability that it will occur
Time between impacts or airbursts
None of these influence the consequences
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What have scientists been doing to minimize the impact
hazard?
a) Developing weapons to destroy an extraterrestrial object
larger than 1 km (~3300 ft) in diameter.
b) Building bunkers to hold everyone in case of a large impact.
c) They have been working on all of these.
d) Identifying and categorizing nearby objects that may threaten
Earth.
e) Working to break up all extraterrestrial objects that are within
a certain distance from Earth.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What have scientists been doing to minimize the impact
hazard?
a) Developing weapons to destroy an extraterrestrial object
larger than 1 km (~3300 ft) in diameter.
b) Building bunkers to hold everyone in case of a large impact.
c) They have been working on all of these.
d) Identifying and categorizing nearby objects that may
threaten Earth.
e) Working to break up all extraterrestrial objects that are within
a certain distance from Earth.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.