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Name: _______________________________________________ Period: _____________ Partner/s: _______________________________________________________________ Interactive Physiology-Muscular System-Anatomy Review Date: ______________ Use interactive physiology and textbook pages 280-287 to complete the following. Pay special attention to Table 9.1 on page 282, diagram on page 283 and 285 Muscle Type Shape of cell # of nuclei Striations Control Cardiac Skeletal Smooth Study Questions on Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue 1. (P1.) What is the main function of skeletal muscles? 2. (P 3.) List the three types of contractile cells of the body. _____________________________ ___________________________ ________________________ 3. Match the following types of contractile cells to their shape (branching, elongated, spindle-shaped): ___________________ a. Skeletal muscle cells ___________________ b. Cardiac muscle cells ___________________ c. Smooth muscle cells 4. Match the following types of contractile cells to characteristics of nuclei & presence or absence of striations: Cardiac Muscle Cells Smooth Muscle Cells Skeletal Muscle Cells ___________________ a. presence of visible striations & single, centrally-located nuclei ___________________ b. presence of visible striations & multiple peripheral nuclei ___________________ c. absence of visible striations & single, centrally-located nuclei 5. (P 4.) What is the name of the structure that attaches skeletal muscles to bones?_____________________ 6. (P 5.) Bundles of skeletal muscle cells are called _____________________________. 7. The connective tissue which immediately surrounds an entire muscle is called _______________________ and the connective tissue around the fascicles is called ________________________. 8. (P 6.) What is the function of endomysium?__________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (P 7.) Also see textbook pages 284,287, and picture on 288 Triad T tubules Sarcolemma Muscle fibers Sarcoplasmic reticulum ___________________ Match these terms to their description: Terminal cisternae Mitochondria Myofibril a. Sac-like regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that contain calcium ions. ___________________ b. Sites of ATP synthesis. ___________________ c. Plasma membrane of the muscle cell. ___________________ d. Alternative name for skeletal muscle cells. ___________________ e. Interconnecting tubules of endoplasmic reticulum that surround each myofibril. ___________________ f. A group of one T tubule lying between two adjacent terminal cisternae. ___________________ g. Invaginations of the sarcolemma that project deep into the cell. ___________________ h. Contains the contractile filaments within the skeletal muscle cell. 10. (P 8.) What are the names for the two types of filament in a myofibril? __________________________________ _________________________________ 11. (P 9.) What creates the skeletal muscle cell's striated appearance?_________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Match the following: A band I band H zone ______________ a. Contains only thin filaments. ______________ b. Contains only thick filaments. ______________ c. Contains both thin and thick filaments. 13. Perpendicular to the myofilaments are the Z lines and the M lines. The Z lines connect the _____________ filaments and the M lines connect the _____________ filaments. 14. The region of the myofibril between two Z lines that is the contractile unit of a muscle cell is called a _______________________ 15. (P 10.) Arrange the following from smallest structure to largest structure: Muscle cell or muscle fiber Myofilaments Fascicle Whole skeletal muscle Myofibril smallest: ____________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ __________________________________ largest: 2. __________________________________ What attaches muscles to bone? ___________________________________. 3. The whole muscle is composed of muscle cells (fibers) grouped in bundles called ______________. 4. Name the connective tissue coverings surrounding the following: Whole muscle __________________ Fascicles __________________ Muscle cell __________________ 5. Match the following three terms with their definitions by drawing lines from word to definition: Sarcolemma - endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell Sarcoplasmic reticulum - intracellular fluid around organelles Cytosol - plasma membrane of muscle cell 6. Match the following three terms with their definitions by drawing lines from word to definition: Terminal cisternae - T-tubule + 2 terminal cisternae T-tubules - part of sarcolemma—carries action potential Triad - part of sarcoplasmic reticulum—stores calcium ions 7. Myofibrils consist of contractile proteins called ______________________ Name the two types and what they’re composed of: _______ filament composed of ___________________ _______ filament composed of ___________________ 8. Arrangement of myofilaments. Give the letter name of each band: Dark band Light band ___ band ___ band Match two definitions with each band: _____ contains only thin filaments _____ contains both thick and thin filaments _____ defined by length of thick filament _____ defined as distance between two thick filaments 9. Define the following terms: Z line (disc) _____________________________________________________ H zone _________________________________________________________ 10. What happens to these areas during contraction? Z line (disc) _____________________________________________________ H zone _________________________________________________________ 11. Define these two terms: M line _________________________________________________________ Sarcomere ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________