Download Westward Expansion Notes

Westward Expansion
Fifth Grade 2013-2014
Prior Knowledge
• What do you remember about Westward
Expansion from 4th grade?
• What is Manifest Destiny?
• Why did our country want to expand?
ELBOW ROOM!!!
He Said WHAT?!?!
“I rode seven different
horses over a 75-mile
stretch in one day!”
“Working the rails is hard
labor, but at least I’m finally
free!”
“I’m so glad this war is
over. Now I can spend time
with my family again!”
“The railroads are
destroying my people’s way
of life.”
“Wow! My family traveled
all the way to the Pacific
Ocean in just one week!”
“My hope is that the
railroad will help bind this
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. A man from South Carolina
C. A formerly enslaved African
American
D. A former Confederate soldier
E. Chief Red Cloud
F. A Pony Express rider
Round Up!
Which of the following caused hardships for
pioneers traveling during the Westward
Expansion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rivers and mountains.
Climate and government.
English and Germans.
Goats and deserts.
Round Up!
What was the purpose of the Pony Express?
A. To transport supplies for the railroad
builders across the country.
B. To transport passengers across the country.
C. To deliver mail across the country.
D. To help covered wagons travel safely acorss
the country.
Round Up!
1. How did the Homestead Act attract
settlers to the “Great American Desert?”
2. Name one invention that helped pioneers
on the Great Plains.
Round Up!
What was the Homestead Act of 1862?
a. A law that prevented settlers from building homes
on land belonging to Native Americans on the Great
Plains
b. A law that paid money to women and minorities for
building home and starting businesses on the land
c. A law that entitled every adult born in the US to a
free home on the Great Plains
d. A law that offered free land on the Great Plains to
women who were the head of a family and to men
over the age of 21 who were either US citizens or
immigrants
Round Up!
Why did many “exodusters” move to the
Great Plains?
a.
b.
c.
d.
They were paid extra money.
They were forced to leave the South.
They were seeking religious freedom.
They faced discrimination and lack of
opportunity in the East.
Round Up!
Why did families build sod homes on the
Great Plains?
a. Sod allowed animals to come through the
walls.
b. There were not many trees.
c. The trees were too large to cut.
d. Homes made of sod were easier to clean.
Round Up!
After the sod was removed, what was the
soil of the Great Plains like?
a. The soil was extremely fertile.
b. The soil was full of clay and difficult to
farm
c. The soil was very dry and did not
produce good crops.
d. The soil was too rocky to farm
Write a caption for this image:
5-2.3 Summarize how
railroads affected
development of the West,
including their ease and
inexpensiveness for travelers
and their impact on trade and
the natural environment.
http://west.stanford.edu/exploringthewest/images/7.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/TranscontinentalPoster.jpg
http://www.angelsforhope.org/railroad.jpg
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=62119&rendTypeId=4
The 3 Cs
entral Pacific
Railroad
hinese immigrants
alifornia heading
east
The Union Pacific
•
•
•
•
Hired Irish immigrants
Working from Omaha, Nebraska
Building across the Great Plains
Westward
Round Up!
What happened in 1865 that helped complete the
building of the transcontinental railroad?
A. General Sherman defeated the Lakota and
Cheyenne groups.
B. The Civil War ended, freeing soldiers and former
slaves to work on the railroad.
C. Chief Red Cloud and his people helped the railroad
workers.
D. The US government imported goods and supplies
for the work.
Round Up!
Look on page 130 in your SS book. Which
line of the transcontinental railroad took
passengers from the Midwest to
California?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Great Northern
Atchison, Topeka, and Sante Fe
Southern Pacific
Central Pacific and Union Pacific
Round Up!
1. What does transcontinental mean?
2. What were the names of the two railroad
companies hired by the government to build
the transcontinental railroad?
3. Where were the two railroad companies going
to meet?
4. Name one obstacle workers faced while
constructing the railroad.
http://www.teachinghearts.org/dr0imapusa.gif
WHY????
What were the reasons for building a
transcontinental railroad???
1.
2.
3.
Create your own advertisement for the new
railroad.
Jump Start!
1. What group of immigrants worked for the
Union Pacific?
2. What group of immigrants worked for the
Central Pacific?
3. Where did the Union Pacific railroad
begin?
4. Where did the Central Pacific railroad
begin?
Write a caption for this image:
Jump Start!
Think about a time when you faced a difficult
or exciting challenge. What was it like? Did
you ever think of giving up? What forced
you to keep going?
Round Up!
What was a danger faced by cowboys?
a. They could be stampeded and trampled by
horses and cattle.
b. They could be hurt by dynamite explosions.
c. They could be killed by angry farmers.
d. They could run out of food on the trail.
Round Up!
How did ranchers and railroads affect the cattle
drives in the late 1880s?
a.
Railroad and ranchers brought an end to
cattle drives
b. Railroads and ranchers slowed cattle drives.
c. Railroads and helpful ranchers made the cattle
drives more efficient
d. Railroads and ranchers had no effect on cattle
drives.
Round Up!
The railroad helped to end the cattle drives. Why
did this happen?
a. The farmers could use the railroad to transport
crops.
b. The railroad workers could take over for the
ranchers.
c. Farmers and ranchers disagreed over land
issues.
d. The rancher could transport cattle on the
trains.
Poetry Time!
Cinquain-five line poem:
Line 1 (noun)
Line 2 (2 adjectives)
Line 3 (3 –ing words)
Line 4 (phrase)
Line 5 (synonym for Line 1)
How did the miners and other
settlers have an effect on the
environment?
How does today’s activity
relate to mining for gold?
Miners
• GOLD RUSH!!!
– 1849 in California
– 1859 in Rocky Mountains (Denver, Colorado)
• Most did NOT strike it rich…most of what
was found was called “gold dust.”
• Some found “fool’s gold,” which looked like
gold, but wasn’t.
• BOOM TOWNS began popping up from
the mining camps.
• When the gold ran out, some boom towns
became GHOST TOWNS.
Round Up!
Why did all miners not become rich?
a.
b.
c.
d.
There was no gold.
Native Americans murdered them all.
Large gold discoveries were rare.
Large companies took their gold.
Round Up!
Some entrepreneurs set up businesses in
small towns. What is a the best definition
of an entrepreneur?
a. A person who starts a business hoping to
make money.
b. A person who works in a factory.
c. A person who mines gold.
d. A person who opens a gold mine.
Round Up!
Which of the following best describes the
gold rush of the 1800s?
a. Many people became very rich because of
the gold in the West.
b. The population of the cities in the West first
increased but then rapidly decreased as
unsuccessful miners moved back East.
c. Gold mining was difficult, exhausting work.
d. Gold dust was plentiful but had no value.
Conflict and Cooperation
•
•
•
•
•
Native Americans
At first, welcomed all
explorers to the west.
As more people moved
further west, NA were
forced from their lands
Buffalo were killed
Transcontinental RR
came through their lands
Forced to live on
reservations, some even
were forced off these
lands too.
•
•
•
•
Ranchers & Cowboys
Cowboys drove cattle to
the railroad
Ranchers farmed on the
Great Plains
These groups did not get
along because the
cowboys were driving
cattle through the
ranchers’ lands
Cattle drives eventually
came to an end when
railroads expanded into
TX and with the use of
barbed wire.
Conflict and Cooperation
European Americans
• Wanted to move west to
start a new life.
• Most only made it to the
Great Plains (midwest)
due to lack of $$$
• Formed communities with
other people from their
home countries.
Mexican Americans
• Forced from their lands
(California and SW
United States) too after
the end of the Mexican
War.
Asian Immigrants
•Came to the US to mine for gold
•Worked on the transcontinental RR
•Paid less and made fun of for being
different
•Went back to mining for gold
•A law was passed keeping them
from coming to the US
Round Up!
Why did the US government force Native
Americans in the west onto reservations?
a. Native Americans built fences.
b. Buffalo crowded the farms.
c. Their former lands were valuable for mining
and railroads.
d. The Native Americans asked them to leave.
Round Up!
What ended the traditional way of life for the
Plains Indians?
a. Their chief died.
b. Railroads moved in and settlers killed the
buffalo.
c. Settlers brought diseases with them.
d. There was no room for them on the
reservations.
Round Up!
Which Apache Indian chief finally
surrendered and ended the war between
the Native Americans and the
government?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sitting Bull
Geronimo
Joseph
Red Cloud
Poetry Time!
I am…
I hear…
I see…
I smell…
I wonder…
I feel…
I think…
I pretend…
I say…
I dream…
I try…
I am…