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Digestion Systems Worksheet 1. What are the four main stages of food processing? 2. Carbohydrates are digested into ________________________________. 3. Fats are digested to ____________________________________. 4. Proteins are digested to _________________________________. 5. Nucleic acids are digested to _____________________________. 6. The enzymatic process for digestion is termed ___________________________________. 7. There is a mechanical component to digestion. Why is it preferable to break food items into smaller pieces? 8. Name the main segments of the human digestive tract. 9. Oral Cavity 10. What is Mucin? 11. What enzyme is released into the oral cavity? 12. What are the main products from the action of this enzyme? Esophagus 13. What is the function of the Esophagus? 14. What type of muscle contraction moves the food through the Esophagus? Stomach 15. What are the functions of the Stomach? 16. What substances are present in Gastric Juice? 17. What are the functions of the acid in Gastric Juice? 18. What is Pepsin? 19. Why doesn’t Pepsin destroy the cells of the stomach? 20. What is the Pyloric Sphincter and what does it do? Small Intestine 21. The first part of the small intestine, the duodenum, receives secretions via ducts from two other glands/organs. Name thee structures. 22. What substances come from the Pancreas? 23. What substances come from the Liver? 24. What enzymes are involved in the digestion of carbohydrates? 25. What enzymes are involved in the digestion of proteins? 26. What enzyme is involved in the digestion of fats? 27. What is emulsification and why is it important? 28. What structures increase surface area for absorption of nutrients? Large Intestine 29. What are the main functions of the Large Intestine?