Download Ebola intro PPT 14 - Sonoma Valley High School

Viruses and Ebola
Human rhinovirus: causes the common
cold
Streptococcus: causes strep throat
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rpj0emEGShQ
Herpes simplex: causes cold sores
What is a virus?
• Viruses are tiny particles:
1/1000th the size of a
bacteria.
• They have DNA or RNA
and a protein capsule
• They can only reproduce
inside a host cell
• They bridge the gap
between living and nonliving things
How a virus infects the host
• The virus attaches to
the host cell
• It injects its DNA into
the cell
• The viral DNA takes
over the cell
machinery
• The cell is now
making 1000s of
viruses
• The viruses leave the
cell to infect more
host cells
Immune response: fighting off the virus
• Fever- slows the viral
replication process.
• Antibodies work to
clear the virus.
• Immunizations (if
available) pre-arm the
immune system to
prevent infection if
we’re exposed.
Antibodies attach to invading viruses,
preventing them from entering cells
Things to know about Ebola
• It is named after the
Ebola river in Zaire, Africa
• First outbreak was in
1976
• Very infectious A very
small amount of virus can
cause sickness
• Not extremely
contagious it’s passed
from the fluids of the
infected person to
another.
It’s not that contagious, really
A comparison of reproduction numbers, or R0s, for several viruses. R0 is one
measure of contagiousness. Each person who contracts the virus spreads it, on
average, to one or two other people. It's not as contagious as HIV, SARS or
measles.
You can’t get Ebola by……
• A CDC poster shows ways
Ebola isn't spread.
• Ebola is transmitted
through bodily fluids,
such as blood, sweat,
saliva, breast milk, feces,
urine and semen.
• Infectious disease
specialists say Ebola isn't
an airborne disease, like
the flu.
But it can be dangerous
• While Ebola isn't the
deadliest contagious
disease, outbreaks can
have fatality rates up to
90 percent, according to
the World Health
Organization.
• The fatality rate for the
current outbreak is
estimated to be about 70
percent.
Ebola symptoms
What’s my risk of catching Ebola?
The risk of Ebola infection remains vanishingly
small in this country
How big is Africa?
Eastern
Europe
United States
India
West Africa
China
UK
This illustration shows
how many countries and
regions could fit inside
"the cradle of
humankind."
The Ebola outbreak
remains in West Africa
only, and countries other
than those bordering
Guinea, Liberia and Sierra
Leone aren't considered to
be at risk. It’s OK to go to
any other part of Africa.
The U.S. has specialized facilities for patients
Biocontainment
unit: Nebraska MC
• Emory University Hospital in Atlanta and Nebraska Medical center have
treated and successfully released patients with Ebola. These hospitals
use biocontainment units to protect hospital staff and other patients.
Nina Pham, a nurse who treated Thomas Eric Duncan, was flown from
Dallas to the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center in Bethesda, Md.
She has fully recovered from Ebola.
Preventing the spread of Ebola
• Airport
temperature
scans: find
people with
fevers- the 1st
symptom of
the disease.
• Protective gear
for medical
staff