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Christ’s Mission Continues in the Church Terms and People to know for Pre-test and Exam: Unit 4 The Church as Sacrament of Salvation Apostolic Succession – the truth that Catholic bishops today can trace their authority in a direct line back to the Apostles, each bishop consecrated by another bishop Basilica – a church given special recognition by the Pope for historical and/or architectural importance Bishops – the successors of the Apostles who fulfill their responsibilities as shepherds after the Apostles died Cardinal – a bishop who has been selected by a Pope to become part of the College of Cardinals and thus an advisor; their main purpose is to serve as a papal elector Cathedral – the official church of the local bishop, his seat (“cathedra”) of authority Catholic – Greek: “on the whole” or “universal;” first used by St. Ignatius of Antioch to describe the unity of local churches under their local bishop Catholic Church – broadly, all the Churches that profess the Nicaean Creed, narrowly, the Church which possesses the fullness of Christ’s presence, doctrine, sacramental life, and means of salvation Christian – “Christ” is Greek for “anointed;” first used in Antioch to describe the disciples of Jesus Christ Church – Greek: “ekklesia” meaning assembly; the entire assembly of the faithful People of God; more specifically, particularly when spelled with a capital C, it refers to the Catholic Church Clergy (Cleric) – members of the Church who have received the Sacrament of Holy Orders: bishops, priests, deacons, exclusively Communion – the unity of the faithful as one Body in Christ; also refers to the reception of the Eucharist at Holy Mass Conclave – a gathering of the world’s cardinals at the Vatican for the purpose of electing a new Pope Crosier – a hooked staff carried by a bishop as a symbol of his pastoral office Curia – the administrative unit of the Holy See which assists the Pope in governing the Vatican City-State Deacon – Greek: “servant” or “helper;” a man ordained to assist the mission of the Church; transitional deacons are men preparing for ordination to priesthood while permanent deacons do not aspire to higher orders Deposit of Faith – Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition taken together make up a single deposit of the Word of God, a single gift of God to the Church Diocese – the territory of the churches under the local bishop’s authority; in the Eastern churches it’s called an eparchy Eastern Rite Churches – any group of Eastern Christian churches who remained in union with the Pope after the Great Schism in 1054 Ecclesiastical – something related to the Church, especially Church authority Ecumenical (Ecumenical Council) – Greek: “the whole world;” Ecumenical councils bring bishops from all over the world to discuss central issues of the Church under the leadership of the Pope Episcopacy – Greek: “overseer;” the office of bishop Hierarchy – the order of teaching authority in the Church given by Christ Holy See – Latin: “holy chair;” the seat of government of the Church (Vatican City-State) Infallibility – immunity from error; a gift of the Holy Spirit whereby the Magisterium can definitively proclaim doctrine in faith or morals without error In persona Christi – Latin: “in the Person of Christ;” refers to the fact that by virtue of Holy Orders the ordained priest acts in the place of Christ Laying on of hands – an ancient sign of the conferral of authority by the power of the Holy Spirit, whereby the bishop lays his hands on the head of the one receiving Holy Orders Magisterium – the ordinary and universal teaching authority of the Pope and bishops in communion with him Miter – a tall headdress worn by bishops as a symbol of their office Nicaean Creed – other than the Apostles’ Creed, this creed is the most universally accepted and recognized statements of the Christian faith; first adopted in AD 325 at the Council of Nicaea Orthodox – Greek: “true, right, straight;” also Eastern Orthodox Christians who split from the Pope as a result of the Great Schism in 1054 Papacy – the office or authority of the Pope Parish – a territorial district within a diocese which is placed under the care of a priest Plenary Council – a council a council involving the bishops of a particular nation Precepts of the Church – the rules or laws of the Church which are considered binding on the faithful (go to Mass on Sunday, receive Holy Communion during the Easter Season, confess sins at least once a year, observe days of fasting and abstinence, assist with the needs of the Church) Presbyterate (presbyters) – the office of the priest in the Catholic Church; the priesthood Priest – Greek: “elder;” a member of the order of presbyters Pope – successor of St. Peter, the first bishop of Rome; the head of the Church Pope John XXIII – formerly Angelo Roncalli, he convened the Second Vatican Council in 1962 Protestants – the churches that separated from the Catholic Church after Martin Luther’s revolt in 1517 Religion – Latin: “to bind fast” or “to hold together” Rite – liturgical customs or practices Roman Catholic Church – Christians who belong to the Latin or Western Rite (as opposed to Eastern Rite Catholics) Sacrament – a visible sign of an invisible grace; the Church is a visible manifestation of Christ in the world St. Jerome – translated the Bible from its original languages of Hebrew and Greek into Latin known as the Vulgate Sanctity – the state or quality of being holy, sacred, or saintly Separated brethren – those who are properly baptized and known by the name Christian, but who do not profess the entirety of the Catholic Faith and/or are not in unity with the Pope Sola Scriptura – Latin: “by Scripture alone;” Martin Luther’s teaching which holds that Sacred Scripture is the sole infallible rule of faith and practice (excluding Sacred Tradition or the Magisterium as sources of authority)