Download Here are some questions to help you review. Use them to organize

Here are some questions to help you review. Use them to organize your notes and focus on
important concepts.
Review Guide for lecture 1 – Mark Cooper
Know the reasons we study animal behavior. Know the different early periods of history. (cave
drawings, Aristotle, Native Americans), Know the three foundations. Know the different people
involved in the history. (Andreas Versalius, Charles Darwin, George John Romanes), Be sure you can
recognize the names of each person and what they are known for. What is natural selection? Sexual
selection? What is the difference between comparative psychology and ethology? (Pavlov, Watson,
Skinner, von Frisch, Lorenz, Tinbergen), What is Behaviorism? Who is Little Albert? What was done to
him? Classical conditioning? Operant conditioning? Know the scientists that won noble prizes and
what they won for. Know all the different scientists and the ideas they came up with? What is
imprinting? FAP? MAP? What is Tinbergen’s four questions? What is the difference between
proximate and ultimate questions? (Be sure you can do problems similar to the homework) Why did
we watch the bird movie? What is an Ethogram?
Review Guide for lecture 2 – Mark Cooper
What is a genotype? Phenotype? Who is Mendel? How many genes do we have? What is an
allele? Homozygous? Heterozygous? Dominant? Recessive? What does innate mean? Be able to tell
what two compounds affect foraging behavior in bees (Homework). As bees age, what order do they
do particular tasks? What happens when older bees are added to a colony? What affect does this
have on young bee behavior? Know what happened in the cross fostering and spatial learning
experiments. What is imprinting? What is the difference between filial and sexual imprinting? What
is the sensitive period? Critical period? How did the chickadee experiment show that both genes and
environment are responsible for spatial learning? Know the results from the twin/adoptive parent
experiment. Who has the highest correlations in spatial ability? Know the examples of single gene
effects in bees and mice, and humans (don’t forget to look at homework questions). Know the
multigenic effects in lovebirds. Know the experiment on social deprivation in Rhesus monkeys (What
is developmental homeostasis?) What is bias learning? Know the two examples (rats and bats).
Habituation? Sensitization? Know the following experiments: The Albert Bandura and the Bobo doll,
the Milgram Experiment, and the Zimbardo Prison Experiment.
Know the two articles (Genetics and Ravens) and questions from these articles in the homework.
Genetics Article: What are the six different actions involved in fly courtship behavior? What
occurs during each step? What are the two seats of attraction in the male’s brain? What behavior
have males learned about courtship of females? How does this work? What is the advantage? What
gene is believed to be responsible for this behavior? What lessons can be learned from these fly
studies?
Raven Article: Why did the treat on a string experiment allow Heinrich and Bugnyar to assume this
behavior was not trial and error learning? What type of Ravens could accomplish this goal? How did
they determine it was not “mentally” rewarding and actually knew it was attached to the perch?
What happened with the meat on a string was placed in a situation where they had to pull down to
make the food rise? When did the Raven’s give up? What answer do the authors give to the reason
humans (and ravens) don’t “do it right” the first time (programmed from birth) and have to “muddle”
through?
Review Guide for lecture 3 – Sarah Scott
Data Nugget handout: review the study organisms. Why did crickets lose their song and how
did this occur? What was the predator? How did silent males get mating opportunities with females?
Scientific American reading: What do tiger moths do when they are approached by hunting
bats? What happens to the sonar system of bats when the moths make noise?
Second reading: How do hawkmoths make ultrasonic sounds?
Two readings on dogs and their understanding of cues: Review the articles and the homework.
Be clear on how the two experiments differ and why they got different results. Relate this to ultimate
and proximate explanations.
kneuron, motor neuron, effector. What is added to this pathway in a more complicated reflex?
Describe the research of Tinbergen on Herring Gull begging behavior. Name the stimulus or
releaser for the chicks' behavior. Define a fixed action pattern.
Neural anatomy: know the dendrites, axons and cell body. How is an action potential passed
from one cell to the next (there are 4 steps)? Define action potential (in general terms) and
neurotransmitter.
Moths can avoid bats by diving. What stimulus is perceived and where? Looks at the graphs and
describe two stimuli that cause the A1 receptor to be more active?
Crickets respond to two sounds. What makes these two sounds? How does the cricket respond
to each? What other organism detects cricket songs?
What is the somatosensory cortex? Where is it located in the brain? Consider the star-nosed
mole. What parts of its body send large amounts of sensory information to the somatosensory cortex?
What stimuli does the animal detect with these body parts?
Review Guide for Lecture 4 – Sarah Scott
Compare and contrast hormones and neurons? Which method is faster? Lasts longer? Widespread effect? Consider the case of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
How do you time shift an organism, like a monarch? What happens to the migration direction of
a monarch that has been shifted 6 hours?
Crickets have a circadian rhythm. Without any visual stimulus, what happens to this rhythm and
what is this called? How is the internal clock entrained? What hormone maintains the internal clock
and where are the released? Answer the same questions about human circadian rhythm. What kind of
organisms might not have a circadian rhythm?
What are circannual rhythms? Name and describe two examples of organisms with circannual
rhythms that do not require entraining. We also discussed additional cycles with entrainment. Name
each example and the stimulus that entrain that behavior.
Oxytocin is a hormone that may alter human behavior. Describe the experiment where oxytocin
altered the results of a moral experiment (train tracks). We also watched a talk about oxytocin. What
can change a person's response to oxytocin. Is oxytocin the “moral molecule”
Testosterone levels can change with many reproductive behaviors. Name three behaviors that
are often associated with increased testosterone. Are all mating behaviors dependent on testosterone
levels? Are there costs to high testosterone levels? Consider both the lizard and antechinus.
We discussed 2 reproductive strategies. Name them and compare them. How do these two
strategies relate to testosterone?
Name two stress hormones and which animals have them. In primates are these diurnal? What
social interactions can raise the levels? How do we measure hormone levels?