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THE DATABASE ENVIRONMENT Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge? Where is the knowledge we have lost in information. ~ T.S. Eliot ~ Learning Objectives Concretize the concepts of data, information, data management and metadata Explain what a database is and why databases are important Describe a database management system Differentiate between the DBMS and a database Describe the different data models and abstraction layers Explain the similarities and differences among DBMS products Explain DBMS history and modern uses Describe how data is physically stored in primary and secondary storage Before we begin…What’s… Data? Information? Data Management? Metadata? Query? Data or Information? Where’s the Data? Where’s the Metadata? Where is the: Data? MetaData? Activity: Data or Meta-Data? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. A Zip Code: 13244 A Zip Code is 5 Characters XXXXX A List of First Names: Tom, Dick, Harry A Picture, Like This One: The Name of the Picture file FrostTrees.jpg When you place an order, the quantity of the item ordered must be a number >0 Something Data can be information: $5 strange and confusing: (the amount of money in my wallet) Information can be data: I calculate student final grades, then place them on a form sent to the registrar’s office. Metadata can be data: The names of MP3 files in your personal collection. Actually it’s all about context! What is it, part duex! Database Database Management System (DBMS) Elements of a Database Database Meta-Data Data-Management Data “In” Information “Out” Data End-User DBMS is software. It stores the data/meta data and “enables” data-management Clarification via Family Guy Brian can write his novel on a typewriter or w/pen and paper. But there are obvious advantages to using word processing software. Most databases use DBMS’s just like most papers are written with word processors Database Brian’s Novel DBMS WP Software What Can You Do with a DBMS? Build Database Applications to solve business problems. For example… LeadDist, Rebranding, inout, my.ischool, Is this: Database or DBMS? Database or DBMS? Database or DBMS? SQL Server: Database or DBMS? Database or DBMS? Database or DBMS? Four Ways to Slice Obama’s 2013 Budget Proposal https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/02/13 /us/politics/2013-budget-proposalgraphic.html?_r=0 Database or DBMS? Fundamental Axioms of DBMSs Users communicate with computer applications (websites, etc) Computer applications communicate with DBMSs. Users do not communicate with DBMSs directly. As a result DBMSs although they can be used interactively, are not used interactively. A DBMS is not a replacement for sound database design principles. First of many examples for the semester https://my.ischool.syr.edu Website You Web Server (IIS) Web Browser Application Components User Interface and Business Logic (HTML/C#) Db using Relational Model SQL Server Data access logic and Data (SQL) More Examples, with Stories. Data or Metadata? Database? DBMS? Data or Metadata? Database? DBMS? History: There are Other DBMSs Enterprise DBMS Market Share Product Oracle IBM (DB2) Microsoft (SQL Server) Others: (Sybase, NCR Terdata, etc…) Open Source (MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc…) Share 44.4% 21.2% 18.6% 5.9% 9.9% * Source: Computerworld 2007 DBMS deployment plans 2008 * source: gartner An employable skill in the future. Source BLS: 2008 http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes151061.htm THE DATABASE ENVIRONMENT Questions? Reminder(s): Quiz Wednesday on Unit 1 We meet in Hinds 010