Download Unit III Exam

Unit III Study Guide
State Building in the Seventeenth Century & The Scientific Revolution
Chapter 15, & 16
Unit III Exam – Thursday October 20th & Friday October 21st
Reading Schedule
Monday 10/3
p. 487-499 Background to the Scientific Revolution, Toward a New Heaven: A Revolution in Astronomy
Wednesday 10/5
p. 499-510 Advances in Medicine and Chemistry, Women in the Origins of Modern Science, Toward a New Earth:
Descartes, Rationalism, and a New View of Humankind, The Scientific Method and the Spread of Scientific Knowledge
Tuesday 10/11
p. 454-470 The Practice of Absolutism: Western Europe, Absolutism in Central, Eastern, and Northern Europe
Monday 10/17
p. 470-484 Limited Monarchy and Republics, The Flourishing of European Culture
Chapter 16 - Scientific Revolution
"God's handiwork"
Andreas Vesalius
"natural philosophers"
On the Fabric of the Human Body
alchemy and hermetic magic
William Harvey
Ptolemaic universe
On the Motion of the Heart and Blood
Aristotle
Robert Boyle
geocentric universe
Antoine Lavoisier
the Empyrean Heaven
Margaret Cavendish
epicycles
Maria Sibylla Merian
Nicolaus Copernicus
Maria Winkelmann
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
querelles des femmes
heliocentric universe
Rene Descartes
Tycho Brahe
Discourse on Method
Johannes Kepler
"I think therefore I am"
three laws of planetary motion
rationalism
Galileo Galilei
Scientific Method
The Starry Messenger
Francis Bacon's inductive method
Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems
"to conquer nature in action"
the Inquisition
Benedict de Spinoza's pantheism
Isaac Newton
Ethics Demonstrated in the Geometrical Manner
Principia
Blaise Pascal
universal law of gravitation
Pensees
Galen
English Royal Society
four bodily humors
French Royal Academy of Sciences
Paracelsus
Journal des Savants
"new drugs"
Philosophical Transactions
To what extent was the Scientific Revolution a continuation of old modes of thinking, knowledge, and perspectives?
What relationships existed between scientists and the Church?
What do we mean by the Newtonian world-machine? How did Newton arrive at this conception? What are the broader
social, political, and cultural implications of viewing the entire universe as a machine?
What did Paracelsus, Vesalius, and Harvey contribute to a scientific view of medicine? Be specific and give examples.
How did women contribute to the beginnings of modern science? How did male scientists view women and female
scientists?
What was rationalism? Why is Descartes considered the founder of "modern rationalism"?
Compare the methods used by Bacon and Descartes. Would Pascal agree with the methods and interests of these men?
Why or why not?
How was the new scientific knowledge spread in the seventeenth century?
Why were seventeenth-century European intellectuals so intent on developing methods of study for entire bodies and
specific fields of human knowledge? What did it mean then to become a methodical (or systematic) thinker or researcher?
What was "new" and what was not new about the seventeenth century's "New Heaven and a New Earth"? Be specific and
give examples.
Does Newton deserve to be considered the most significant figure from the Scientific Revolution, why or why not?
Chapter 15 - State Building
Thirty Years War
Gustavus Adolphus
Peace of Westphalia
conscript standing armies
absolutism
Bishop Jacques Bossuet
"divine right"
Cardinal Richelieu
Cardinal Mazarin
the Fronde
Louis XIV
Edict of Fontainebleau
Versailles
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Peace of Utrecht
Brandenburg-Prussia
Frederick William the Great Elector
the Hohenzollerns
Treaty of Karlowitz
the Romanovs
Russian serfdom
the Orthodox Church
Peter the Great
Saint Petersburg
Great Northern War
Vienna and the Ottoman Empire
Poland's Sejm
the house of Orange
Amsterdam
the Stuarts
Puritans
English Civil War
Oliver Cromwell
Levellers
the Restoration
Test Act
James II
Glorious Revolution
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Bill of Rights
Mannerism
El Greco
Bernini
Gentileschi
Baroque
French Classicism
Rembrandt van Rijn
William Shakespeare
Lope de Vega
Racine
Moliere
What were the economic and social problems that troubled Europe from 1560 to 1650? To what extent do these problems
constitute a "crisis"?
What permanent alterations to Europe did the Thirty Years' War make?
What was the "military revolution" and what effect did it have on warfare in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
Why were women the prevalent victims of Europe's witch craze?
Define absolutism and determine to what extent France's government in the seventeenth century can be labeled an
absolute monarchy.
What was the relationship in the France of Louis XIV between pomp and rule?
Compare the reigns of Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia and Peter the Great of Russia.
What role did the nobility play in politics and government in Poland and England?
England in the seventeenth century witnessed a general revolutionary upheaval that involved a struggle between king and
Parliament. What were the issues (causes) of this struggle? What role did the Puritans play in its course? In what ways
was England changed by it?
Why did England move toward a limited monarchy while places like Prussia, Austria, and Russia moved toward a more
robust and absolutist monarchy?
How did the art and literature of the second half of the seventeenth century reflect the political and social life of that
period? Give examples.
What was "new" about Baroque art, and how did it reflect or impact the culture of the seventeenth century?
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