Download Study Guide MUS 139

THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900)
Definitions:
Terms (A – X)
_C_ Instrumental music endowed with literary or pictorial associations; indicated by
title or explanatory “program” notes supplied by the composer.
A) Program Symphony
_X__ German term for total artwork, a synthesis of all the arts, term coined by Richard
Wagner in his late operas.
B) Concert Overture
_M__ A night piece, meant to portray the many moods of night..
C) Program music
_Q__ A one movement work, sonata form, that precedes a play or opera, the music often
foretells the essential dramatic events that will follow in the drama.
D) Incidental music
_N__ A musical motive associated with a person, thing, idea, or symbol in the drama
(a guiding, or leading motive).
E) Étude
_T__ Music that incorporates folk elements of a composer’s particular homeland.
F) Character piece
_D__ A type of program music written to accompany a dramatic work (a play)
G) Miniatures
_S__ In performance the meter is handled flexibly; the meter may waiver – a strict
accompaniment while the melody is slightly out to phase with it (literally: robbed time)
H) Chromaticism
_P__ Music that incorporates elements or styles from foreign lands, and expression
of music from other nations.
J) Lied, Lieder
_G__ Music lasting only a few minutes, songs, short piano pieces.
K) Absolute music
_A__ An orchestral work with multiple movements with a literary program,
a “symphony” that tells a story.
L) Thematic transformation
_J__ German word for song with characteristic accompaniment, poetry and mood,
a collection or group of songs.
M) Nocturne
_F__ A short piece (piano piece) that portrays a particular mood.
N) Leitmotiv
_L__ A variation like procedure whereby short themes are freely varied.
O) Symphonic poem
_B__ A single movement concert piece for orchestra, based on a literary idea,
not meant to precede an opera or play.
P) Exoticism
_K__ “Pure” music lacking literary or pictorial associations.
Q) Overture
_E__ A piece of music designed to aid technical study and improve skill.
S) Rubato
_O__ A one movement orchestral form that develops a poetic idea, suggests a scene,
or creates a mood, freer in form or structure, also known as a “tone poem”.
T) Nationalism
_H__ A style that literally uses the twelve half steps between the octave, music that moves
in half step intervals.
X) Gesamtkunstwerk
*****
Match the following terms related to Lied and Lieder
_C__ Modified strophic
(A) song form composed from beginning to end without repetitions of whole sections,
the music follows the story line changing with each stanza according to the text.
_A__ Though Composed
(B) The same melody is repeated with every stanza, or strophes of the poem
_D__ Song Cycle
(C) a combination of the other two forms, melody is repeated for two of three of the
stanzas, new material introduced when the poem requires it
_B__ Strophic form
D) A group or collection of Lieder (German Art song – Lied) are unified by a descriptive
or narrative theme
2
Musical terms of the Modern Era (1900 – ) pg. 319 – 424 Glossary (page 437-444)
The Modern Era (1900 – 2012) pg. 318 – 404 Glossary (page 445-455) – Google/Wikipedia etc.
Match the following: (mostly from the early part of the 20th century)
_K_
Impressionism
A) music without tonality, music without a key center.
_O__ whole tone scale
B) two or more rhythms (rhythmic patterns) at once.
_G__ pentatonic scale
C) Music composed of natural sounds recorded electronically.
_C__ musique concrète
D) art that expresses the most extreme human feelings... Anguish.
_M__ parallel motion
E) Music elements: pitch, timbre, or dynamics come in a fixed series.
_N__ quarter tone scale
F) two or more meters at once .
_D__ Expressionism
G) a scale that features only five notes within each octave.
_P__ polychord
H) a vocal style in between singing and speaking.
_L__ octatonic scale
J) a musical figure (rhythm, motive) that is repeated again and again.
_F__ polymeters
K) a non representational art form in painting and in music, to create
the impression the object produced on the senses.
_B__ polyrhythms
L) a scale that alternates whole and half steps fitting eight pitches into
the octave.
_E__ serial music
M) when all parts move together, locked in step, in the same direction
_A__ atonal music
N) a scale of “microtones” fitting 24 pitches within an octave.
_J__ ostinato
O) a scale dividing the octave into 6 equal tones-each a whole step apart.
_H__ Sprechstimme
P) new dissonance by stacking one triad or seventh chord upon another.
Match the following: (from other styles and the latter half of the 20th Century to present day)
_B__ Spiritual
A) a mixture of jazz and rock cultivated in the 1970s.
_K__ Chance (aleatoric) music
B) a religious folk song, origins in the African-American communities.
_N__ Neo-Classicism
C) a dance band that emerged in the 1930s playing a style called Swing.
_L__ Electronic music
D) a form of music that incorporates a recognizable piece mixed with new music.
_G__ Minimalism
E) a musical style that incorporates numerous diverse styles (old & new) into one.
_M__ Ragtime
F) a type of Big Band jazz originating in the 1930s and 1940s.
_A__ Jazz-fusion
G) a modern style that takes a small amount of musical material that
repeats it over and over to form a composition.
_J__ Bebop
H) a piano outfitted with items like screws, bolts etc. to transform the
instrument from a melodic one to a percussive one.
_H__ Prepared piano
J) a complex, hard driving jazz style that emerged soon after W.W.II.
_F__ Swing
K) music that involves an element of chance, and random happenings.
_C__ Big Band
L) music in which some or all sounds are produced by electronic generators.
_E__ Eclecticism
M) emerging in the 1890s, a steady bass and a syncopated, jazzy treble.
_D__ Quotation music
N) a revival of the forms and styles of Baroque and Classical periods.