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1. Describe embryonic development as evidence for evolution 2. Determine how the amino acid sequence found within the DNA of organisms can help trace their relationships with one another • SPECIES PAIRINGS HUMAN – CHIMPANZEE HUMAN – FRUIT FRY HUMAN – HORSE HUMAN – PIGEON HUMAN – RATTLESNAKE HUMAN – RED BREAD MOLD HUMAN – RHESUS MONKEY HUMAN – SCREWROM FLY HUMAN – SNAPPING TURTLE HUMAN – TUNA FISH HUMAN – WHEAT NUMBER OF DIFFERENCES IN AMINO ACID 0 29 12 12 14 48 1 27 15 21 43 The greater the similarity present in the amino acid sequence, the closer the relationship is among the organisms. Also, organisms with similar structures and biochemical compositions could have probably descended from a common ancestor. 1. Given in the next page are the amino acid sequences found in the cytochrome C of a human, chimpanzee, gorilla, Rhesus monkey, horse, and kangaroo. Cytochrome C is a respiratory enzyme located inside the mitochondria. 2. First, study carefully these sequences in Table 1. 3. Next, supply the missing amino acid sequence of the chimpanzee, gorilla, Rhesus monkey, horse, and kangaroo to complete Tables 2, 3, and 4. Refer to Table 1 for your answers. 4. Afterward, identify the differences of the amino acid sequences among these organisms. Use the human’s amino acid sequence as your reference. 5. Finally, complete Table 5 to show the differences in the number of amino acids and the positions in which they vary. TABLE 1 TABLE 2 TABLE 3 TABLE 4 TABLE 5 THEORIES OF EVOLUTION • First evolutionist to believe that organisms change over time • Used fossil records as guide to develop three theories: 1.THEORY OF NEED 2.THEORY OF USE AND DISUSE 3.THEORY OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS • • • • • • THEORY OF EVOLUTION • THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION • • • • 1. Embryo is an early stage of development in organisms. 2. Charles Darwin developed The Theory of Need. 3. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck developed the Theory of Use and Disuse. 4. The greater the similarity present in the amino acid sequence, the farther the relationship is among the organisms. 5. The organism closest to humans is Kangaroo.