Download VLSI DESIGN Assignment 1

B. Tech ECE AI 2 (6th semester)
VLSI Designs (BEC 306)
Assignment
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Ramsha Suhail
JRF, ECE Dept
IGDTUW
For any queries, reach out at [email protected]
Assignment 1
For this assignment you are requested to write detailed solutions based on what you have
studied in your previous semesters.
Due date: 23rd January 2024
Instructions:
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The assignment should be hand written.
Please write your name and enrolment number on the first page of assignment.
Assignment should be done neatly and submitted in a file.
Correct and to-the-point answers will be awarded full points.
Assignment submitted after due date will not be evaluated and a score of zero will be
awarded for this assignment.
All Questions must be answered in same sequence.
Questions:
1. Convert the decimal number 25 to its binary equivalent. Explain the significance of
binary representation in digital systems.
2. Draw the truth table and logic diagram for an OR gate. How does the output behave
for different combinations of input states?
3. Given the Boolean expression F(A, B, C) = Σ(0, 1, 3, 5), simplify it using a Karnaugh map.
Show the steps of the simplification process.
4. Define a D flip-flop and explain its operation. How is it different from a JK flip-flop, and
in what scenarios would you prefer one over the other?
5. Design a 4-to-1 multiplexer using basic logic gates. Provide the truth table and explain
how the multiplexer functions.
6. Draw a state diagram for a 3-bit binary counter. Explain the concept of a Moore state
machine and identify the number of flip-flops needed.
7. Define setup time and hold time in the context of flip-flops. Why are these parameters
crucial in digital circuit design, especially in synchronous systems?
8. Describe the characteristics of synchronous and asynchronous digital circuits. Provide
an example of each and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches.
9. Compare and contrast TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) and CMOS (Complementary
Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) logic families. Discuss their advantages and
disadvantages.
10. Perform the binary addition of 1101 and 1011. Include any carry generated during the
addition process. Explain how binary addition is similar to decimal addition.
11. Explain the concept of a shift register. How is it different from a counter, and in what
applications is a shift register commonly used?
12. Explain Ohm's Law and its applications. How does Ohm's Law relate to the behavior of
resistive circuits?
13. Describe the current-voltage characteristics of a semiconductor diode. Explain the
diode forward and reverse biasing modes and their applications.
14. Draw the circuit diagram for a common-emitter amplifier. Explain how it provides signal
amplification and discuss the role of coupling and bypass capacitors.
15. Define the terms "quiescent point" and "biasing" in the context of transistor circuits.
Why is proper biasing important for transistor operation?
16. Explain the purpose of a voltage regulator in electronic circuits. How does a linear
voltage regulator maintain a constant output voltage?
17. Define positive and negative feedback in amplifier circuits. How does feedback impact
the gain, bandwidth, and stability of an amplifier?
18. Draw the circuit diagram for a basic differential amplifier. Explain its common-mode
and differential-mode operations, and discuss its applications in analog signal
processing.
19. Describe the role of simulation tools in VLSI design. How do these tools aid in the
verification and validation of digital circuits?
20. Explain the steps involved in the synthesis process using EDA tools. How does synthesis
contribute to the overall VLSI design flow?